Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective To observe the effects of tetrandrine on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of melanoma cell B16,and to explore its effects on epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)and potential regulatory mechanisms.Methods(1)The proliferation of B16 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay after 0,2,4,6,8 and 10 μmol·L-1 of tetrandrine intervention for 24 and 48 hours.The colony formation ability of B16 cells was detected by plate clone formation assay after 1,2 and 4 μmol·L-1 of tetrandrine intervention;the migration and invasion ability of B16 cells was detected by cell scratch assay and Transwell invasion assay;the expressions of N-cadherin,Vimentin and E-cadherin related to EMT in B16 cells were detected by Western Blot assay.The mouse melanoma lung metastasis model was replicated by tail vein injection of B16 cells to observe the effects of tetrandrine(50 and 100 mg·kg-1)administered by gavage on the number of metastatic tumor nodules in the lungs of mice.(2)The CTD,SwissTargetPrediction and Similarity Ensemble Approach databases were used to predict the targets of tetrandrine;the GeneCards database was used to search for targets related to melanoma disease;the intersection of these two databases was taken as the potential target of tetrandrine for melanoma treatment.The intersected targets were imported into STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and screen the core targets;the intersected targets were imported into DAVID database for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis;and molecular docking between tetrandrine and the core targets was verified by Autodock software.(3)In vivo experimental validation:after intervention of 1,2 and 4 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine,Western Blot method was used to detect the expression of the key pathway AKT/NF-κB/CREB pathway-related proteins;and AKT agonist SC79 was used to validate the replication experiments.Results(1)The IC50 of B16 cells intervened by tetrandrine was 4.273 and 4.085 μmol·L-1 at 24 and 48 hours.Compared with the control group,the colony forming ability,scratch healing rate and invasion rate of cells in the 1,2 and 4 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine group were all significantly reduced(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001);the expressions of cellular Vimentin and N-cadherin protein expressions were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and E-cadherin protein expression was significantly up-regulated(P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Compared with the model control group,the number of melanoma lung metastatic nodules was significantly reduced in the mice in the high-dose group of tetrandrine(P＜0.05).(2)A total of 60 potential targets were obtained for the treatment of melanoma with tetrandrine;core targets such as AKT1,TNF,CCND1,RELA,CASP9,CHUK,and CREBBP were further screened,among which AKT1 was the most strongly interacting target;the signaling pathways such as apoptosis,FoxO,TNF,PI3K-AKT,and NF-κB were mainly involved.The molecular docking showed that tetrandrine had strong binding activity with AKT1,TNF,RELA and other core targets.Compared with the control group,protein expressions of p-AKT/AKT,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κ B p65,and p-CREB/CREB were significantly down-regulated in the cells of the tetrandrine 1,2,and 4 μmol·L-1 groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);protein expressions of p-AKT and p-NF-κB p65 were significantly up-regulated in the cells of the SC79 group(P＜0.001).Compared with the SC79 group,protein expressions of p-AKT,p-NF-κB p65,and p-CREB were significantly down-regulated in the cells of the 2 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine+ SC79 group(P＜0.001).Conclusion Tetrandrine may inhibit the proliferation,migration,invasion and EMT of mouse melanoma by regulating the AKT/NF-κB/CREB pathway,and thus inhibit the lung metastasis of mouse melanoma.

At present, conventional periodontal treatment cannot achieve complete and effective periodontal tissue regeneration. Cell sheet technology (CST) is a kind of cell transplantation method without scaffold material that can maintain complete extracellular matrix, important ion channels of cells, growth factor receptors, etc., and ensure the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. In this paper, the application and research progress of the cell sheet in the field of periodontal tissue regeneration are reviewed. Different types of seed cells can be prepared into monolayer cell sheet, multilayer cell sheet, cell sheet fragments and cell sheet polymers. Among them, the monalayer cell sheet is easily damaged and requires high deoperator; the multilayer cell sheet shows improved mechanical properties, but its thickness needs to be controlled to avoid cell necrosis. The cell sheet fragment can be used in the narrow space between the alveolar bone and root cementum to reduce the difficulty of operation and improve the mechanical properties of the cell sheet. Cell sheet polymers are three-dimensional structures that can provide strong mechanical support and improve the stability of the cell sheet, but the stability of their biological activity needs to be further improved. In methods for construction of the cell sheet, the antifibrosis and antiangiogenesis properties of the amniotic sheet have shown that this structure is suitable as the matrix of cell culture; the method of using a temperature-sensitive culture dish is simple and easy; continuous induction with vitamin C can retain some important proteins on the cell surface; and the magnetic tissue engineering method can increase cell adhesion and easily form a stable cell sheet. The above methods have their own characteristics. In clinical applications, monolayer cell sheet is mainly used for direct transplantation to the receiving site to construct periodontal tissue; multilayer cell sheet of the same or different species overlap and are then transplanted to the receiving site; and multilayer cell sheet of the same kind are wrapped with scaffold material and then transplanted to the receiving site to construct a three-dimensional structure. Overall, cell sheet technology has shown good potential in periodontal tissue regeneration.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of surgical navigation technique in the reconstruction of traumatic orbital wall defect.Methods: 20 patients underwent the operation with the aid of navigation for repairing traumatic orbital wall defect as the test group. 20 patients were treated without navigation as the control group. Treatment outcome was evaluated by correction of exophthalmos, orbital volumes and patient's self-satisfaction. Results: The mean difference of eyeball protrusion between the reconstructed and the unaffected orbit cavity in the navigation group and control group was (0. 81 ± 0. 35) mm and (1. 65 ± 0. 37) mm (P ＜ 0. 05), that of the orbital volume (0. 68 ± 0. 29) ml and (0. 98 ± 0. 22) ml (P ＜ 0. 05), respectively. The patient's satisfaction value of the navigation group was higher than in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05) . The operation duration in the navigation group was less than in the control group (P ＜0. 05) . Conclusion: Surgical navigation can improve the accuracy and the effects of operation for orbital defect reconstruction.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Kangai injection combined with Chemotherapy in treating Colorectal cancer. Methods The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, VIP, Medline and Cochrane Library from inception to the August 17th 2017 were searched, and all the relevant journals, and the literature of RCTs were enrolled. The quality of RCTs was assessed by Jadad scores, meta-analyses were performed by Review Manager 5.3 software. Results 21 Chinese articles were enrolled, including three high quality article, and the Jadad average score is 2.7. 1 879 patients were included. The result of Meta-analyses showed that intervention could improve the quality of life [OR=3.29, 95% CI (2.53-4.27), P＜0.01]; improve the short-term effects [OR=1.79, 95% CI (1.36-2.37),P＜0.001]; reduce the gastrointestinal reactions [OR=0.36,95% CI (0.29-0.45), P＜0.01], reduce bone marrow suppression reaction [OR=0.35, 95% CI (0.27-0.44),P＜0.01]. reduce the peripheral neurotoxicity [OR=0.57, 95% CI (0.41-0.78), P＜0.01], improve the abnormal liver function [OR=0.0.41,95% CI (0.26-0.65), P＜0.01], and improve the abnormal renal function [OR=0.55,95% CI (0.31-0.98), P=0.04]. Conclusions The combination of Kangai injection and Chemotherapy in treating Colorectal cancer is better than only using chemotherapy. However, we need more high-quality RCTs to improve the research.

Objective: To establish and verify the validity of a finite element(FE) model of fragment injury in swine mandibular composite tissue. Methods: Swine facial composite tissue digital information was obtained by 3D CT,the 3D model and the cylinder fragment with the diameter and height of 5. 5 mm were reconstructed and designed in mimics15. 0. The right mandibular angle region was impacted by the fragment with velocities in finite element analysis software. A two stage light gas gun was used to launch the same shape 30CrMnSi alloy fragment with the speed of 831,1 120 and 1 536 m/s respectively to impact swine mandibular angle area. The actual damage area and acceleration at jaw were measured and compared with the digital simulation results. Results: Compared with the data of digital simulation the fragment with the speed of 831,1 120 and 1 536 m/s resulted in the larger mandibular damage area of entry in the in vivo experiment by 13. 4％,23. 6％ and 22. 3％; that of exit by 18. 7％,23. 0％ and 26. 5％; the smallar accelaration peak by 16. 7％,15. 3％ and 14. 6％,respectively. Conclusion: A digital model of the swine mandible composite tissue fragment injury model is established. The simulation results of the FE model are consistent similar to those of the in vivo test data.

Objective To conduct the biomechanical evaluation of the effect of the new operative method,one stageanterior debridement and fusion combined withtitanium cage and dual screw-rod anterior instrumentation inter-fixation on the reconstruction of lumbosacral spine stability and provide biomechanical support for its further promotion in clinical practice.Methods Fifteen lumbosacral spine specimens were obtained from the department of anatomy,Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center.Fracture,deformity and osteoporosis were removed by CT and bone density examination.The remaining specimens were randomly divided into intact group,anterior fixation group and posterior fixation group.L5 vertebral body and adjacent intervertebraldisc subtotal resection were performed on all specimens in the anterior fixation group and the posterior fixation group.The specimens in the anterior fixation group were fixed through titanium cage and dual screw-rod from front approach and the specimens inthe posterior group were fixed by dual screw-rod from posterior approach.Specimens in the intact group were not treated.All specimens were examined by X-ray and thin-slice CT after surgery to determine whether implant placement was appropriate andwhether there was spinal cord compression or not.Three groups of lumbosacral spine specimens were subjected to mechanical testsunder the conditions of flexion and extension,lateral bending,axial torsion and axial compression to evaluate the mechanical effect of anterior dual screw-rod system combined with titanium cage on the fixation of lumbosacral spine.Results All lumbosacralspine specimens were free of fractures,deformities,osteoporosis and other diseases.Postoperative imaging examination showed thatthe implant was in normal position and no adverse phenomena such as pedicle screw insertion into the spinal canal and spinalcord compression were observed.Mechanical test results in vitro showed that the load required for maximum loading displacement (5 mm) or rotation angle (5°) of the specimens in the intact group was less than that of the specimens in anterior and posterior fixation group in flexion,lateral bending and axial compression and torsion direction (Fflexion=1335.989,Pflexion=0.000;Fextenxion=166.688,Pextenxion=0.000;Fleft latebending=258.872,Pleft lateral bending=0.000;Fright lateral bending=335.766,Pright lateral bending=0.000;Faxial compression=481.444,Paxial compression =0.000;Fleft rotation=21.682,Pleft totation=0.000;Fright rolation=34.990,Pright rotation=0.000).When the maximum loading displacement (5 mm) was reached,the load required for the specimens in anterior fixation group was significantly greater than that for specimens in posterior fixation groupin the direction of flexion,left and right lateral bending and axial compression (Pflexion=0.000;Pleft lateral bending=0.006;Pright lateral bending=0.016;Paxial compression=0.000).However,the load required to reach the maximum loading displacement (5 mm) in the anterior fixation group in the direction of extension was significantly lower than that in the posterior fixation group (P=0.000).When the maximum load angle (5°) was reached intorsion direction,the required load of the specimens in both anterior and posterior fixation groups was similar (Pleft rotation=0.820;Pright rotation=0.259).Conclusion The anterior fixation of lumbosacral spine specimens with titanium cage combined with dualscrew rod can provide better immediate stability and its stability in flexion,lateral bending and axial compression is better than that of back double nailing rodfixed.

Gastric bypass surgery for type 2 diabetes in the world,especially Europe,the United States,and other western countries have been widely carried out.The data of type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by weight loss surgery at home and abroad in recent years were collected and analyzed.It was found that gastric bypass Roux.en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) after type 2 diabetes remission rate of 80％ to 85％,and the treatment effect can be maintained for long time.Therefore,the RYGB in the treatment of type 2 diabetes has been more and more recognized by the authors.This present article summarizes the gastric bypass (Roux.en-Y gastric bypass) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objective To analyze the real world status of traditional known cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease ( CHD ) .Methods 6040 in-hospital patients with CHD or suspected CHD undergoing angiography from 01/01/2013 to 02/28/2015 were retrospectively analyzed . According to angiography result , patients with severe coronary artery lesion and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in the PCI group (n=2808) and patients without severe coronary artery lesion and not undergoing PCI or CABG were enrolled in the No-PCI/CABG group (n=3232).Patients in the PCI group were further divided into 3 subgroups which were STEMI group , NSTEMI/UA group and stable angina (SA) group.Results (1) Compared with the No-PCI/CABG group, patients in the PCI group have higher ratio of male patients (75.4% vs.53.1%, P<0.0001), older average age (64.83 ±0.20 vs. 63.39 ±0.18 years old , P <0.0001 ) , and higher existing rates of traditional risk factors including hypertension (66.7%vs.54.7%, P<0.0001 ) , diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) ( 37.0% vs. 20.8%, P<0.0001), stroke(7.0%vs.5.4%,P=0.0098)and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (4.3%vs. 2.8%, P=0.001 ) , but there was no statistic difference in existing rates of dyslipidemia between the two groups.(2)In the PCI group,female patients had higher prevalence of hypertension (74.1%vs.64.3%, P<0.001), diabetes/IGT (42.5%vs.35.3%, P=0.0007) and stroke (9.4%vs.6.2%, P=0.0054) than the male patients.There were no significant sex difference in these comorbidities as above in No-PCI/CABG group.Female patients had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia than male patients in both PCI and No -PCI/CABG groups.(3) Among all the 3 PCI subgroups, STEMI patients presented with youngest average age (62.54 ±0.45 vs.65.15 ±0.28 vs.66.17 ±0.34 years old, P<0.0001) and highest male patient ratio (83.9%vs.72.9% vs.72.3%, P<0.0001).Patients in the SA subgroup had the highest prevalence of hypertension and prior revascularization including PCI and CABG .Patients in the NSTEMI/UA subgroup had the highest rates of diabetes/IGT.No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of dyslipidemia , CKD and stroke among all the subgroups .Conclusions Hypertension and diabetes are the leading risk factors of coronary artery disease , and prior revascularization is also an important cause of stable angina and NSTEMI /UA undergoing PCI.Patients requiring PCI were found to be more of male gendor , but female patients has higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension , diabetes/IGT or stroke than male patients.

Objective:To seek the possibility of using internally installed curved mandibular distractor to repair the partial mandibular curved defect.Methods:A curved mandibular defect was sectioned in each of 3 adult dogs.The distractor designed by our own group based on the steel ball conducted force was implanted.After 7 days of latency,the distraction was performed at the rate of 0.5 mm × 2 times per day,followed by 3 months consolidation period.The osteogenesis was evaluated by general observation,X-ray examination and HE staining.Results:No complication was observed after operation and during distraction.The new bone healed well into a curved shape.The X-ray examination revealed that the transport disc moved along with the predesigned rail curve.HE staining clearly showed neo bone formulation zone between the mature trabecular and connective tissue.Conclusion:The internal distractor based on the steel ball conducted force can realize the curved distraction osteogenesis of posteriormandibular.