OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of Gerbera delavayi and the methods for the content determination of 11 components in G. delavayi. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）was adopted to establish the fingerprints of 13 batches of G. delavayi（No. S1-S13）， and the similarities were evaluated according to Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM （2012 edition）， while the common peaks were identified. Hierarchical clustering analysis （HCA）， principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were carried out by using SPSS 25.0 software and SIMCA 14.1 software. The contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， 3，8-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-5-carboxylic acid， caffeic acid， 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2- oxo-2H-1-benzopyran- 5-carboxylic acid， luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside， isochlorogenic acid A， apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside， isochlorogenic acid C and xanthotoxin were determined by HPLC. RESULTS The similarities in HPLC fingerprint of 13 batches of G. delavayi were 0.801-0.994； a total of 38 common peaks were identified and 13 common peaks were identified. The results of HCA showed that S1-S5 and S7 were clustered into one group， S6 into one category， S8 into one category， S9 and S11 into one category， S10， S12 and S13 into one category， and the results of PCA were consistent with them. The results of OPLS-DA showed that variable importance values for the projection of peak 7 （chlorogenic acid）， peak 21 （isochlorogenic acid A）， peak 26 （xanthotoxin）， peak 19 （isochlorogenic acid B）， peak 33， peak 13， peak 23 （isochlorogenic acid C）， peak 2 （new chlorogenic acid）， peak 17 （luteolin-7-O-β-D- glucoside） were greater than 1. The above 11 components had good linearity in their respective detection concentration ranges （r was greater than 0.999）. RSDs of precision， repeatability， and stability tests were not more than 2% （n＝6）. The average recovery rates were 92.54%-105.55%， and the RSDs were 0.83%-1.93% （n＝6）. The average contents of 11 components were 0.744， 5.014， 0.646， 0.431， 0.069， 0.582， 0.979， 2.754， 0.157， 1.284 and 2.943 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The constructed HPLC fingerprint and content determination methods are simple， accurate and stable， which can provide reference for quality control of G. delavayi. Xanthotoxin， chlorogenic acid， isochlorogenic acid A， luteolin-7-O- β -D-glucoside， isochlorogenic acid C and new chlorogenic acid can be used as markers for G. delavayi.

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of autonomic nerve function on motor function in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) from the perspective of regional homogeneity (ReHo). MethodsFrom January to December, 2020, a total of 60 inpatients and outpatients with cerebral infarction in the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were divided into control group (n = 30) and PSD group (n = 30). Two groups were assessed using Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured. Ten patients in each group were selected randomly to undergo resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to calculate ReHo. ResultsAll HRV indices were lower in PSD group than in the control group (|t| > 2.092, P < 0.05). In PSD group, FMA and MBI scores showed positive correlations with 24-hour standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats over 24 hours (RMSSD), the percentage of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals over 24 hours that were greater than 50 ms (PNN50), total power (TP), very low frequency power (VLF) and low frequency power (LF) (r > 0.394, P < 0.05), and showed negative correlations with HAMD scores (|r| > 0.919, P < 0.001). HAMD scores in PSD group were negatively correlated with SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50, TP and VLF (|r| > 0.769, P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the ReHo increased in PSD group in the right rectus gyrus (142 voxels, t = 6.575), the left medial and paracingulate gyri (204 voxels, t = 4.925) (GRF correction, P_-Voxel < 0.005，P_-Cluster < 0.05); and reduced in the right cerebellum (191 voxels, t = -6.487), the left middle temporal gyrus (140 voxels, t = -5.516), and the left precentral gyrus (119 voxels, t = -4.764) (GRF correction, P_-Voxel < 0.005，P_-Cluster < 0.05) in PSD group. ConclusionAutonomic nerve function is related to motor dysfunction in patients with PSD. The modulation of emotional, cognitive and motor brain regions by the autonomic nervous system may play a role in influencing the motor function in patients with PSD.

Anaphylaxis is increasingly in children, which is currently undernotified, underdiagnosed, and undertreated in China.In order to further improved the understanding and management of anaphylaxis, this issue reviews the pathogenesis, triggers and risk factors, clinical diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis, thus offers the recommedations of anaphylaxis in Chinese children based on previous published evidence-based guidelines and practice parameters.Recommendation aims to develop guiding principles for the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in children, and provide a framework for the development of new guidelines.

Objective To investigate the expression level of serum miR-486-5p in patients with pancreatic cancer and the value of serum miR-486-5p combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in predicting the resectability of pancreatic cancer. Methods A total of 60 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from September 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled, among whom 32 patients had resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (operable group) and 28 had unresectable pancreatic cancer (non-operable group), and a benign pancreatic disease group with 30 patients and a healthy control group with 44 individuals were also established. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the serum level of miR-486-5p in each group, and the relative expression level of miR-486-5p was calculated to analyze its association with the clinical features of pancreatic cancer, including age, sex, tumor location, tumor size, TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous variables between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and a binary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the combined predictive value and then investigate the value of serum miR-486-5p combined with CA19-9 in predicting the resectability of pancreatic cancer. Results The relative expression level of serum miR-486-5p in the operable group [2.16 (1.38~3.30)] and the non-operable group [4.65 (2.80~9.90)] was significantly higher than that in the benign pancreatic disease group [1.01 (0.52~1.53)] and the healthy control group [0.99 (0.24~1.01)] (all P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the number of patients with low or high expression of miR-486-5p between the patients with different TNM stages, presence or absence of lymphatic metastasis, and presence or absence of distant metastasis ( χ 2 =13.765, 5.157, and 6.638, all P < 0.05). Compared with CA19-9 alone, miR-486-5p+CA19-9 had a significantly better value in distinguishing the operable group from the benign pancreatic disease group (area under the ROC curve [AUC]=0.87, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 0.760-0.942; with a sensitivity of 81.3% and a specificity of 83.3%), distinguishing the operable group from the healthy control group (AUC=0.92, 95% CI : 0.836-0.970; with a sensitivity of 90.6% and a specificity of 86.4%), and distinguishing the operable group from the non-operable group (AUC=0.94, 95% CI : 0.884-0.998; with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 93.7%) ( Z =2.841, 2.510, and 2.387, all P < 0.05), and the optimal cut-off values were 3.12, 3.21, and 6.63, respectively. Conclusion MiR-486-5p can be used as a serum biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and miR-486-5p combined with CA19-9 has a better clinical value than CA19-9 alone in predicting the resectability of pancreatic cancer in the patients with benign pancreatic diseases and the healthy population.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the pathogenic role of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in pulmonary hyper-permeability and inflammation induced by lung-protective mechanical ventilation (LPMV) in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomized into 4 groups for treatment with vehicle or bestatin (a leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor that inhibits LTB4 production) administered intragastrically at the daily dose of 8 mg/kg for 5 days, followed by sham operation (group S and group BS, respectively, in which the rabbits were anesthetized only) or LPMV (group PM and group BPM, respectively, in which the rabbits received ventilation with 50% oxygen at a tidal volume of 8 mL/kg for 5 h). The concentrations of LTB4 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the lung tissues were analyzed by ELISA. cAMP content, protein kinase A (PKA) protein expression and the Rap1-GTP protein to total Rap1 protein ratio were determined to assess the activities of cAMP/PKA and Rap1 signaling pathways. The lung injury was evaluated by assessing lung permeability index, lung wet/dry weight ratio, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lung histological scores. RESULTS: None of the examined parameters differed significantly between group S and group BS. All the parameters with the exception of lung histological score increased significantly in group PM and group BPM as compared to those in group S ( CONCLUSIONS LPMV can induce LTB4 overproduction to down-regulate cAMP/PKA and Rap1 signaling pathways in the lungs of rabbits, which results in lung hyper-permeability and inflammation. Bestatin can inhibit LTB4 production in the lungs to protect against LPMV-induced lung hyper-permeability and inflammation.
Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Leukotriene B4 ; Lung ; Lung Injury/prevention & control* ; Neutrophils ; Rabbits ; Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects*

Macrophages play an important role in material-related immune responses and bone formation, but the functionality of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in material-mediated bone regeneration is still unclear. Here, we evaluated intracellular communication through small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its effects on endogenous bone regeneration mediated by biomimetic intrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (IMC). After implantation in the bone defect area, IMC generated more neobone and recruited more mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) than did extrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (EMC). More CD63
Biomimetics ; Bone Regeneration ; Cell Differentiation ; Collagen ; Extracellular Vesicles ; Macrophages ; Osteogenesis

A serious leaf disease caused by Colletotrichum dematium was found during the cultivationof Sarcandra glabra in Jingxi, Rong’an, and Donglan Counties in Guangxi Province, whichinflicted huge losses to plant productivity. Biological control gradually became an effectivecontrol method for plant pathogens. Many studies showed that the application of actinomycetesin biological control has been effective. Therefore, it may be of great significance tostudy the application of actinomycetes on controlling the diseases caused by S. glabra.Strains of antifungal actinomycetes capable of inhibiting C. dematium were identified, isolatedand screened from healthy plants tissues and the rhizospheres in soils containing S.glabra. In this study, 15 actinomycetes strains were isolated and among these, strains JT-2F,DT-3F, and JJ-3F, appeared to show antagonistic effects against anthracnose of S. glabra.The strains JT-2F and DT-3F were isolated from soil, while JJ-3F was isolated from plantstems. The antagonism rate of strain JT-2F was 86.75%, which was the highest value amongthe three strains. Additionally, the JT-2F strain also had the strongest antagonistic activitywhen the antagonistic activities were tested against seven plant pathogens. Strain JT-2F isable to produce proteases and cellulase to degrade the protein and cellulose componentsof cell walls of C. dematium, respectively. This results in mycelia damage which leads toinhibition of the growth of C. dematium. Strain JT-2F was identified as Streptomyces tsukiyonensisbased on morphological traits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

A serious leaf disease caused by Colletotrichum dematium was found during the cultivationof Sarcandra glabra in Jingxi, Rong’an, and Donglan Counties in Guangxi Province, whichinflicted huge losses to plant productivity. Biological control gradually became an effectivecontrol method for plant pathogens. Many studies showed that the application of actinomycetesin biological control has been effective. Therefore, it may be of great significance tostudy the application of actinomycetes on controlling the diseases caused by S. glabra.Strains of antifungal actinomycetes capable of inhibiting C. dematium were identified, isolatedand screened from healthy plants tissues and the rhizospheres in soils containing S.glabra. In this study, 15 actinomycetes strains were isolated and among these, strains JT-2F,DT-3F, and JJ-3F, appeared to show antagonistic effects against anthracnose of S. glabra.The strains JT-2F and DT-3F were isolated from soil, while JJ-3F was isolated from plantstems. The antagonism rate of strain JT-2F was 86.75%, which was the highest value amongthe three strains. Additionally, the JT-2F strain also had the strongest antagonistic activitywhen the antagonistic activities were tested against seven plant pathogens. Strain JT-2F isable to produce proteases and cellulase to degrade the protein and cellulose componentsof cell walls of C. dematium, respectively. This results in mycelia damage which leads toinhibition of the growth of C. dematium. Strain JT-2F was identified as Streptomyces tsukiyonensisbased on morphological traits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive surfactant administration (MISA) in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods:In this multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial, 92 preterm infants with gestation age ≤30 weeks and diagnosed with NRDS were enrolled in 8 level Ⅲ neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 1 st July 2017 to 31 st December 2018. They were randomly assigned to minimally invasive surfactant administration (MISA) group or endotracheal intubation surfactant administration (EISA) group according to random number generated by computer. Infants in both groups received calf pulmonary surfactant preparation at a dose of 70-100 mg/kg. The data of demography, perinatal situation, medication administration, complications, clinical outcomes in the two groups were compared with Chi-square test, Student′s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or Fisher′s exact test. Results:Among the 92 preterm infants, 53 were males, 39 were females; 47 were in the MISA group (25 males), and 45 were in the EISA group (28 males). The gestational age and birth weight were (29.5±1.2) weeks and (1 271±242) g in all patients, (29.5±1.4) weeks and (1 285±256) g in the MISA group, and (29.6±0.9) weeks and (1 255±227) g in the EISA group. The duration of surfactant infusion and the length of whole procedure in the MISA group were significantly longer than that in the EISA group (60 (18, 270) s vs. 50 (30, 60) s, Z=3.009, P=0.003; 90 (60, 300) s vs. 60 (44, 270) s, Z=3.365, P=0.001). For the outcomes, the incidence of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were lower in the MISA group than in the EISA group (36% (17/47) vs. 67% (30/45), χ 2=8.556, P=0.003; 26% (12/47) vs. 47% (21/45), χ 2=4.464, P=0.035). Conclusions:Minimally invasive surfactant administration is applicable in preterm infants ≤30 weeks gestational age with NRDS. Although the length of whole procedure is longer than route endotracheal administration, the benefit of decreasing the incidences of hsPDA and BPD outweighs this demerit.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combination of multiple measures in preventing agitation during recovery from general anesthesia in the preschool children. Methods Four hundred and fifty preschool pediatric patients of both sexes, aged 3-6 yr, weighing 16-25 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective monocular strabismus surgery, were di-vided into 3 groups ( n=150 each) using a random number table method: routine prevention group ( groupⅠ) , midazolam-routine prevention group ( groupⅡ) and cartoon video-assisted admission to operating room-family members accompanying in postanesthesia care unit ( PACU)-routine prevention group ( groupⅢ) . Dexmedetomidine 0. 3μg∕kg was intravenously infused over 10 min in groupⅠ. On the basis of groupⅠ, midazolam 0. 05 mg∕kg was intravenously infused in the holding area in group Ⅱ, and children were admitted to the operating room while they were watching cartoons selected by themselves when accompanied by family members, and they were also accompanied by family members in PACU in group Ⅲ. The modi-fied Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale score on admission to the operating room, Induction Compliance Checklist score, occurrence and degree of agitation during the recovery period, emergence time and dura-tion of PACU stay were recorded. Results Compared with groupⅠ, the modified Yale Preoperative Anxi-ety Scale score on admission to the operating room and Induction Compliance Checklist score were signifi-cantly decreased, and the incidence of agitation during the recovery period ( 25. 3％ in group Ⅰ, 12. 0％in group Ⅱ, 3. 3％ in group Ⅲ) was decreased in Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups , and the emergence time and dura-tion of PACU stay were significantly prolonged in groupⅡ( P<0. 05) . The incidence of agitation during the recovery period was significantly lower in group Ⅲ than in groupⅡ (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of the degree of agitation among the three groups ( P>0. 05) . Conclusion Cartoon video-assisted admission to operating room-family members accompanying in PACU-routine pre-vention can effectively prevent the occurrence of agitation during recovery from general anesthesia in the pre-school children.