Objective: To develop a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on their characteristics. [Methods]: An extensive literature search was conducted in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ), focusing on expert consensus statements and checklists for TCM case reports. Relevant items were extracted, and a Delphi method involving 34 experts was used in two rounds to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale. Items were screened based on measures of central tendency and coordination (including total score, mean score, percentage of items rated as unimportant, and coefficient of variation). The weighted average method was used to determine item weights and construct the appraisal tool. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The finalized tool was pilot-tested by two reviewers independently appraising 20 case reports, with an additional four reviewers evaluating 5 of these cases to compare inter-rater consistency. Results: A total of 9 513 articles were retrieved, and 96 items from 25 articles were extracted. After two rounds of the Delphi method, 27 items across 10 domains were retained. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.72 in the first round (acceptable range), and 0.96 in the second round, indicating strong internal consistency. The tool was piloted by six reviewers, achieving a kappa value of 0.663 and a Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.845, demonstrating high consistency among reviewers. Conclusion The developed TCM case report quality appraisal tool, consisting of 27 items in 10 domains, offers a scientific and reliable means of assessing the quality of TCM case reports. The tool showed high consistency and practical utility, and its application is expected to enhance the standardization, scientific rigor, and evidence quality of TCM case reports, facilitating the integration of traditional medical knowledge with modern evidence-based standards.

As an emerging discipline that combines traditional diagnostic methods with modern scientific technology,micro syndrome differentiation has good prospects for development,but there are some controversies in the research process.Based on ancient and modern literature,this article reviewed the origin and flow of research on micro syndrome differentiation,and summarized the problems to be improved in the process of research on micro syndrome differentiation from three aspects:application of disease type,guiding ideology and micro indicators.Based on this,the article further expounded the new thinking on"near-micro"syndrome differentiation from three aspects:connotation,scope of application,and links to traditional identification and micro-identification,and pointed out that the modern medical detection basis should be incorporated into the field of TCM syndrome differentiation,and at the same time,it should be based on the overall thinking mode of TCM,which would provide a new idea for the development of modern TCM diagnosis technology.

Objective To build a dataset encompassing a large number of stained tongue coating images and process it using deep learning to automatically recognize stained tongue coating images. Methods A total of 1 001 images of stained tongue coating from healthy students at Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and 1 007 images of pathological(non-stained)tongue coat-ing from hospitalized patients at The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine with lung cancer,diabetes,and hypertension were collected.The tongue images were randomi-zed into the training,validation,and testing datasets in a 7:2:1 ratio.A deep learning model was constructed using the ResNet50 for recognizing stained tongue coating in the training and validation datasets.The training period was 90 epochs.The model's performance was evaluated by its accuracy,loss curve,recall,F1 score,confusion matrix,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and precision-recall(PR)curve in the tasks of predicting stained tongue coating images in the testing dataset.The accuracy of the deep learning model was compared with that of attending physicians of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Results The training results showed that after 90 epochs,the model presented an excellent classification performance.The loss curve and accuracy were stable,showing no signs of overfitting.The model achieved an accuracy,recall,and F1 score of 92%,91%,and 92%,re-spectively.The confusion matrix revealed an accuracy of 92%for the model and 69%for TCM practitioners.The areas under the ROC and PR curves were 0.97 and 0.95,respectively. Conclusion The deep learning model constructed using ResNet50 can effectively recognize stained coating images with greater accuracy than visual inspection of TCM practitioners.This model has the potential to assist doctors in identifying false tongue coating and prevent-ing misdiagnosis.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological distribution of new occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as "pneumoconiosis") in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022. Methods Data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022 were collected, and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. Results A total of 972 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases were reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2013 to 2022. Except for mica pneumoconiosis, 12 other types of pneumoconiosis were reported. Most of the cases were males, accounting for 97.0%. The diagnosis age of the cases of 40-<60 years old accounted for 77.4%, and the dust exposure age<30 years of the cases accounted for 96.4%. Silicosis was the most common type of pneumoconiosis, followed by coal workers' pneumoconiosis, accounting for 64.6% and 27.9%, respectively. The cases of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ pneumoconiosis accounted for 77.7%, 14.9% and 7.4%, respectively. The regional distribution was mostly in Hechi City, accounting for 51.9%. Industry distribution was more common in non-ferrous metal mining, coal mining and washing industry, accounting for 64.9% in total. Most cases were reported in private enterprises and small to medium-sized enterprises, accounting for 53.7% and 76.6% respectively. The most common occupations were coal miners and drillers, accounting for 47.7% in total. Conclusion Newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region show certain clustering characteristics in terms of disease type, region, enterprise characteristics, and occupation distribution. The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in small and medium-sized private enterprises in key areas and key industries should be strengthened, especially for workers over 40 years old and with less than 30 years of dust exposure.

Over-expression of glutathione S-transferase(GST)can promote Cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment.Hence,inhibiting GST is an attractive strategy to improve Cisplatin sensi-tivity in HCC therapy.Although several synthesized GST inhibitors have been developed,the side effects and narrow spectrum for anticancer seriously limit their clinical application.Considering the abundance of natural compounds with anticancer activity,this study developed a rapid fluorescence technique to screen"green"natural GST inhibitors with high specificity.The fluorescence assay demonstrated that schisanlactone B(hereafter abbreviated as C1)isolated from Xue tong significantly down-regulated GST levels in Cisplatin-resistant HCC cells in vitro and in vivo.Importantly,C1 can selectively kill HCC cells from normal liver cells,effectively improving the therapeutic effect of Cisplatin on HCC mice by down-regulating GST expression.Considering the high GST levels in HCC patients,this compound demon-strated the high potential for sensitizing HCC therapy in clinical practice by down-regulating GST levels.

Objective:To seek any correlation between cortical activity and the swallowing of dysphagia patients with infratentorial stroke, and to observe any effect of three-needle acupuncture of the tongue on such activity.Methods:Thirty infratentorial stroke survivors with dysphagia were randomly divided into a tongue three-needle group and a sham acupuncture group, each of 15. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔHbO 2) at rest, during acupuncture (or sham acupuncture), during real or sham electro-acupuncture, and at rest after the acupuncture or sham acupuncture treatment. The Modified Rankin Scale, a Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), and the Functional Oral Intake Scale were employed to assess overall functional disability and the swallowing of both groups. Results:At rest the average ΔHbO 2 concentrations recorded in the left primary motor cortex, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left premotor cortex in both groups were positively correlated with the PAS scores. During the acupuncture ΔHbO 2 concentration in the right inferior frontal gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus increased significantly in the tongue three-needle group. It decreased significantly in the left somatosensory cortex and the left primary motor cortex. Conclusion:Three-needle acupuncture of the tongue induces changes in cortical activity in infratentorial stroke survivors with dysphagia, suggesting a potential technique for improving disordered swallowing.

【Objective】 To explore ways to recruit blood donors effectively, so as to ensure blood supply for hospitals in Shenzhen with good compliance with the requirements concerning COVID-19 prevention and control. 【Methods】 From January 31 to March 31, 2020, a recruiting vanguard lead by Party members aimed at "COVID-19 control, blood supply security" was established. Otherwise, the traditional recruiting (via telephone/SMS) and on-site(on the streets) recruiting were also enhanced. The effects of the above three recruitment methods during this period, relative to the same period in 2019, were counted and analyzed. 【Results】 A total of 19 752 blood donors were recruited, and more were recruited by on-site (15 643, 79.19%) than by telephone and SMS(4 109, 20.81%), as on-site recruitment was more persuasive than the traditional one. The success rates of telephone recruitment and SMS recruitment were 11.66% (2 034 / 17 448) and 3.92% (2 075/52 915), respectively, and both were significantly higher than that in the same period in 2019(7.55% and 2.36%) (P<0.05). And the proportion of donors with local registered residence, aged 30-49 and bachelor degree or above in this period were significantly higher than those in the same period in 2019 (P<0.05), but with no significant differences in gender or first-time/repeated blood donors (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 In times of emergency, efficient recruiting method could be achieved by grouping a vanguard, conducting scientific measures, and carrying out effect evaluation. Besides, preference could be given to donors with local registered residence, middle-age (30~50 years old) and better educated background.

Aplastic anemia(AA) is characterized by severe pancytopenia. The clinical features of bone marrow failure syndrome are closely related to viral infection, environment toxin, genetic and acquired gene mutation. Aplastic anemia is a historic disease that often occurred in young people, which was fatal to patients. However, here are many methods can treat and cure this fatal disease. Pathological and physiological studies have important guiding significance for the treatment of aplastic anemia. The diagnosis and treatment of current situation and prospect of aplastic anemia are reviewed in this article.

Objective:To identify the gene mutations associated with facial cleft-related orbital hypertelorism in 3 pairs of monozygotic twins with different phenotypes (with/without hypertelorism) and to investigate their mechanisms.Methods:From May 2014 to May 2019, 3 pairs of monozygotic twins, 2 males and 4 females, aged 5-18 years, were treated in Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, one with normal orbital distance and widening of orbital distance was caused by facial fissure. Among the twins, there was 1 case of orbital hypertelorism and the other case of without orbital hypertelorism, and the hypertelorism was caused by facial cleft. To screen for mutations in hypertelorism, whole genome sequencing was performed on 3 pairs of twins. The Sanger method was used to sequence the exons of 33 patients with facial fissure associated hypertelorism and 50 healthy individuals in the same period to identify the genes selected by the whole genome sequencing. The periosteal tissues were obtained from patients and healthy people during plastic surgery. The cells were cultured, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was measured, and the osteogenic differentiation was identified by alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of signal transduction pathways in periosteal cells.Results:Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that in all three sets of twins, a new synonymous mutation (c.1479G>A, p. Q493Q) was found in the MAML3. In Sanger exon sequencing, 17(51.5%) of 33 patients with hypertelorism carried the mutation, while no mutation was detected in 50 normal controls. The result of periosteum-derived cytology showed that the expression of MAML3 mRNA and protein in the patient-derived cells was lower than that in the healthy-derived cells. Three, 7, 14 days after osteoinduction, the ALP activity in the cells from the patients was higher than that from the healthy subjects (8.540±1.450, 20.740±2.514, 24.090±3.213 vs. 5.268±0.482, 11.680±1.527, 13.200±0.592; all P<0.05). Fourteen days after osteoinduction, the result of alizarin red staining showed that there were more erythema formation in the cells from the patients than those from the healthy subjects, these result suggest that MAML3 mutation may lead to over-differentiation of human periosteal-derived cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of hes1 and hes5 downstream of the Notch signal pathway were down-regulated in the periosteal cells of the patients, while Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels were up-regulated in the Wnt signal pathway. Conclusions:The MAML3 gene (c.1479G>A, p. Q493Q) mutation is one of the causative genes of facial cleft-related hypertelorism. Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertelorism.

Objective:To identify the gene mutations associated with facial cleft-related orbital hypertelorism in 3 pairs of monozygotic twins with different phenotypes (with/without hypertelorism) and to investigate their mechanisms.Methods:From May 2014 to May 2019, 3 pairs of monozygotic twins, 2 males and 4 females, aged 5-18 years, were treated in Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, one with normal orbital distance and widening of orbital distance was caused by facial fissure. Among the twins, there was 1 case of orbital hypertelorism and the other case of without orbital hypertelorism, and the hypertelorism was caused by facial cleft. To screen for mutations in hypertelorism, whole genome sequencing was performed on 3 pairs of twins. The Sanger method was used to sequence the exons of 33 patients with facial fissure associated hypertelorism and 50 healthy individuals in the same period to identify the genes selected by the whole genome sequencing. The periosteal tissues were obtained from patients and healthy people during plastic surgery. The cells were cultured, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was measured, and the osteogenic differentiation was identified by alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of signal transduction pathways in periosteal cells.Results:Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that in all three sets of twins, a new synonymous mutation (c.1479G>A, p. Q493Q) was found in the MAML3. In Sanger exon sequencing, 17(51.5%) of 33 patients with hypertelorism carried the mutation, while no mutation was detected in 50 normal controls. The result of periosteum-derived cytology showed that the expression of MAML3 mRNA and protein in the patient-derived cells was lower than that in the healthy-derived cells. Three, 7, 14 days after osteoinduction, the ALP activity in the cells from the patients was higher than that from the healthy subjects (8.540±1.450, 20.740±2.514, 24.090±3.213 vs. 5.268±0.482, 11.680±1.527, 13.200±0.592; all P<0.05). Fourteen days after osteoinduction, the result of alizarin red staining showed that there were more erythema formation in the cells from the patients than those from the healthy subjects, these result suggest that MAML3 mutation may lead to over-differentiation of human periosteal-derived cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of hes1 and hes5 downstream of the Notch signal pathway were down-regulated in the periosteal cells of the patients, while Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels were up-regulated in the Wnt signal pathway. Conclusions:The MAML3 gene (c.1479G>A, p. Q493Q) mutation is one of the causative genes of facial cleft-related hypertelorism. Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertelorism.