Objective To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of Marsdeniae Tenacissimae Caulis(Tongguanteng)injection and extract in human osteosarcoma cells proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis.Methods MNNG/HOS,Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells,and normal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSC)were cultured in vitro.Cells were incubated with different concentrations of Tongguanteng injection and Tongguanteng extract(40,60,80 mg/mL).Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and plate colony formation assay.Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by scratch assay and Transwell assay.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst33342 staining and Annexin-V/PI double staining assay.Bax,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA expression were detected using RT-qPCR.The protein expressions of JAK1,p-JAK1,STAT3,p-STAT3 and MMP9 were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,both Tongguanteng injection and extract significantly decreased the survival rate of MNNG/HOS and Saos-2 cells,inhibited cell clone formation,migration,and invasion,induced cell apoptosis(P<0.05,P<0.01),promoted Bax mRNA and protein expression,inhibited Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression,and up-regulated Caspase-3 mRNA and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein expression.Tongguanteng injection could significantly down-regulate the expressions of p-JAK1,p-STAT3 and MMP9 protein expression in Saos-2 cells(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Both Tongguanteng injection and Tongguanteng extract can significantly inhibit proliferation,migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma MNNG/HOS and Saos-2 cells,and induce apoptosis,with no significant difference in anti-tumor effect.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To construct and validate a risk-scoring model for predicting delayed onset of lactogenesis stage Ⅱ (DOL Ⅱ) in mothers separated from their premature infants.Methods:This was a retrospective study. (1) Modeling group: This group enrolled 310 mothers who were separated from their premature infants after delivery at Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2021 to November 2022. They were further divided into the DOL Ⅱ group (144 cases) and the non-DOL Ⅱgroup (166 cases) according to whether they had DOL Ⅱ or not. Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, each risk factor was assigned a score, and a risk prediction scoring model was established. (2) Validation group: This group included 130 mothers of premature infants who experienced mother-infant separation after delivery at Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2022 to March 2023. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discrimination, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the goodness of fit. The Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact probability test) or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for inter-group data comparison. Results:This risk prediction scoring model included 10 risk factors [maternal age≥35 years old, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, anemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm rupture of membrane, start breastfeeding >6 hours, postpartum admission of maternal intensive care unit, cesarean section, score of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale >9.5, postpartum neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥4.369, Fatigue Scale-14 ≥7.5, body mass index in the first trimester ≥23.719 kg/m 2, postpartum BMI≥27.661 kg/m 2,and increase of BMI during pregnancy ≥5.393 kg/m 2], with an area under the ROC curve of 0.838 (95% CI: 0.795-0.882, P<0.001), a maximum Yoden index of 0.526, a specificity of 0.825, a sensitivity of 0.701, and an optimal threshold of 4.5. After rounding the score off to the nearest whole number, those with a score≥5 were defined as at high risk of DOL Ⅱ, while those with a score<5 were at low risk. Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ2=3.43 and P=0.634. The positive predictive value, the negative predictive value, and the accuracy were 77.7%, 76.1%, and 76.8%, respectively. In the modeling group, 130 out of the 310 cases (41.9%) were predicted to be at high risk by the model with 101 (32.6%) experiencing DOL Ⅱ, while 180 cases (58.1%) were predicted to be at low risk with 43 (13.9%) experiencing DOL Ⅱ. Among the 130 cases in the validation group, 59 (45.4%) were predicted to be at high risk with 39 (30.0%) experiencing DOL Ⅱ, while 71 (54.6%) were predicted to be at low risk with 19 (14.6%) experiencing DOL Ⅱ. The model validation results showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.774 (95% CI: 0.693-0.855, P<0.001) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ2=3.09 and P=0.687, with the positive predictive value of 66.1%, the negative predictive value of 73.2%, and the accuracy of 70.0%. Conclusions:This study preliminarily establishes a risk scoring model for predicting DOL Ⅱ in mothers separated from their premature infants which is of certain predictive value and can provide a reference for developing predictive lactation support measures.

Background At present, a large number of reports focus on the bones of limbs and trunk, while there are few studies on the effect of fluorosis on jawbone which is the inevitable structural basis for the development and treatment of oral diseases. Objective To preliminarily investigate the effect of fluoride exposure on the mechanical properties of jawbone by observing the changes in the intraosseous environment and the maximum load against shearing force (LSF_max) of the jawbone in rats with chronic fluoride treatment. Methods Screening experiment: 48 SD male rats were randomly divided into a control group and three fluoride exposure groups (50, 150, and 250 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride concentration), 12 rats in each group. The fluoride exposure groups were molded by feeding different concentrations of sodium fluoride solution, and the control group drank tap water from Guizhou area. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups with 3 animals each according to observation time points after 0, 2, 4, and 6 months. The LSF_max of the jawbone was measured with an electronic universal ergometer, the expression of type I collagen (Col1) was shown by Sirius red staining, and the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was determined semi-quantitatively by immunohistochemistry at selected time points. Formal experiment: 12 male SD rats were randomly divided into a fluoride exposure group and a control group. The fluoride exposure group were fed with 150 mg·L⁻¹ sodium fluoride solution, and the control group drank tap water from Guizhou. After feeding with fluoride for 5 months, the ergometer was used to measure the LSF_max of the jawbone. Osteoclasts were counted after tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Col1, Runx2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and cathepsin K (Cath K) were detected semi-quantitatively by immunohistochemistry expression and Sirius red staining. Micro computed tomography (Micro CT) was used to observe the trabecular bone microstructure. Results Screening experiment: The LSF_max of the control group and the 50 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride exposure group reached the peak value at the 2nd month, and the LSF_max of the 50 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride exposure group reached the valley value at the 4th month. The LSF_max of the 150 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride exposure group at the 4th month was higher than that at the 6th month (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the LSF_max at each time point in the 250 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride exposure group. At the same time point, there was no statistically significant difference in LSF_max among the groups. The Col1 levels of the 50 mg·L⁻¹, 150 mg·L⁻¹, and 250 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride exposure groups were higher than the time point 0 from the 2nd month (P＜0.05). The Runx2 showed no statistically significant difference by concentration or time. Formal experiment: After feeding with 150 mg·L⁻¹ fluoride for 5 months, the LSF_max of the fluoride exposure group was greater than that of the control group (P<0.05). The expressions of Col1, Runx2, BMP2, ALP, and Cath K in the fluorosis exposure group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in osteoclast count or indicators of bone trabecular microstructure. Conclusion Chronic fluoride exposure may increase the shear strength of jaw bone.

Objective:To study the correlation of bone metabolism biomarkers between newborn twins and their mothers during pregnancy.Methods:From January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2022, newborn twins with mild symptoms admitted to the neonatal department of our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical data of the twins and their mothers were collected, including bone metabolism biomarkers of the twins within 3 d after birth and their mothers within last month during pregnancy. The twins were assigned into different groups according to gestational age(GA), birth weight(BW), the relationship between BW and GA(appropriate for GA(AGA),small for GA(SGA) and large for GA(LGA), birth season, gender, and the mothers' age, ethnicity, pre-delivery body mass index (BMI), gestational BMI increase, number of births and chorionic properties. The correlations of bone metabolism biomarkers between the twins and their mothers were analyzed.Results:A total of 302 pairs of twins were included. The incidence of insufficient or deficient serum 25-(OH)D 3 was 97.4% among the mothers, and 87.7% among the twins. The levels of blood phosphorus ( r=0.262, P<0.001) and 25-(OH)D 3 ( r=0.239, P=0.002) in mothers were positively correlated with the twin with larger BW. No significant differences existed in 25-(OH)D 3 between genders, AGA,SGA and LGA, birth season, and mothers' age, ethnicity, pre-delivery BMI, gestational BMI increase and chorionic properties( P>0.05). 25-(OH)D 3 in the twins were positively correlated with BW and 25-(OH)D 3 of mothers before delivery ( P<0.05) and negatively correlated with number of births ( P<0.05). Conclusions:In most mothers and their newborn twins, 25-(OH)D 3 are insufficient or deficient. The levels of blood phosphorus and 25-(OH) D 3 are correlated between the newborns and their mothers. The lower the BW of the newborn, the more times the mother give birth and the lower the mother's pre-delivery 25-(OH)D 3 level, the lower the newborn's 25-(OH)D 3 level.

H 1-antihistamines are widely used in the treatment of various allergic diseases, but there are still many challenges in the safe and rational use of H 1-antihistamines in pediatrics, and there is a lack of guidance on the prescription review of H 1-antihistamines for children.In this paper, suggestions are put forward from the indications, dosage, route of administration, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual difference and drug interactions, so as to provide reference for clinicians and pharmacists.

Objective: To investigate the reference level of surface radiation dose of digital radiography (DR) among adult examinees in Beilun District, Ningbo City, so as to provide insights into the optimization of the parameters of DR systems and rational management of the radiation dose. Methods: Based on the cloud imaging system covering 14 DR systems in 11 public hospitals in Beilun District, the diagnosis of adults receiving DR and DR systems check were collected from May 2020 to April 2021. The air kerma-area product ( PKA ) was selected as a measure, and the local diagnostic reference level ( LDRL ), the regional median dose ( RMD ), the regional lowest dose predicted level ( LDPL ) and the typical dose in the DR imaging room were defined using the quartile method according to the examination site, projection direction and radiography positions. The PKA value was transformed into incident air kerma ( Ka, e ), and compared with the recommended value in the Requirements for Radiological Protection in Diagnostic Radiology ( GBZ 130-2020 ). Results: DR was performed among 133 065 person-times from May 2020 through April 2021 in Beilun District. The greatest RMD was found on abdomen AP DR in the supine position ( 120 μGy·m2 ), and the lowest RMD was seen on chest PA DR in the standing position ( 17 μGy·m2 ). The maximums of typical dose in the DR imaging room on chest PA ( 33 vs. 30 μGy·m2 ), abdomen AP ( 161 vs. 153 μGy·m2 ) and pelvis AP DR ( 164 vs. 162 μGy·m2 ) were greater than LDRL in the supine position, and the minimums of typical dose on chest PA ( 10 vs. 11 μGy·m2 ) and chest LAT DR ( 33 vs. 34 μGy·m2 ) were lower than LDPL in the standing position. Following transformation into Ka, e, the LDRL ranged from 0.27 to 3.80 mGy, and the maximums of typical dose ranged from 0.25 to 3.55 mGy, which was much lower than the recommended dose proposed in the national criteria. Conclusions The reference level of surface radiation dose of DR is established among adults in Beilun District, which is lower than the recommended dose in the national criteria of China. Such a reference level may be employed by medical institutions for optimization of the parameters of DR systems. Key words： digital radiography radiation dose diagnostic reference level air kerma-area product

OBJECTIVES: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome that excludes secondary causes such as intracranial space-occupying lesion, hydrocephalus, cerebrovascular disease, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. If not be treated promptly and effectively, IIH can cause severe, permanent vision disability and intractable, disabling headache. This study aims to explore the clinical and image features for IIH, to help clinicians to understand this disease, increase the diagnose rate, and improve the outcomes of patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 15 cases of IIH that were admitted to Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, during January 2015 to September 2020. The diagnosis of IIH was based on the updated modified Dandy criteria. We analyzed clinical data of patients and did statistical analysis, including age, gender, height, weight, medical history, physical examination, auxiliary examination, treatment and outcome. RESULTS: There were 10 females and 5 males. Female patients were 22 to 42 years old with median age of 39.5. Male patients were 27 to 52 years old with the median age of 44.0. The BMI was 24.14-34.17 (28.71±2.97) kg/m CONCLUSIONS IIH primarily affects women of childbearing age who are overweight. The major hazard of IIH is the severe and permanent visual loss. Typical image signs have high specificity in IIH diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment are significantly important to improve the outcomes of patients.
Adult ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ; Young Adult

Objective Taking pig kidney as an example, through a series of comparative and analogical experiments, the influencing factors of compressive stress at relaxation stage of biological tissues were analyzed, and a more accurate and widely applicable biomechanical model at relaxation stage was established. Methods The compressive stress relaxation experiments of pig kidney under different conditions were carried out by using the self-built mechanical experiment platform. The collected data were analyzed and mapped, and various factors affecting the relaxation force changes were summarized. Based on the conclusion, the neural network learning algorithm was used to model the force change process at relaxation stage of pig kidney. Results The pre-extrusion pressure and relaxation time were the main influencing factors for compressive stress changes of biological tissues at relaxation stage. The average error of test sample validation experiment was 6.4 mN, and the average prediction error of generalization sample validation experiment was 34.9 mN, so the modeling effect was good. Conclusions Neural network modeling algorithm has the advantages of strong generalization ability and good fault tolerance, which contributes to providing more realistic force tactile feedback prediction for virtual surgery system. It is also a new idea for mechanical modeling of nonlinear biological tissues.

Objective:To observe the effects of miR-21 knockout on proliferation and drug resistance in K562/G01 cells, and to preliminarily explore the mechanism of imatinib sensitivity by knocking out miR-21 in K562/G01 cells.Methods:Using CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the miR-21 gene in K562/G01 cells, and single-cell-derived clones of miR-21 knockout were obtained by genomic DNA PCR screening, Sanger sequencing, and real-time PCR. We used MTT and cell colony formation assays to assess the cell proliferation, and determined imatinib sensitivity by MTT assay and Annexin-Ⅴ-APC/7-AAD double staining flow cytometry. Using western blot, we examined the potential mechanisms affecting imatinib sensitivity by knocking out miR-21 in K562/G01 cells.Results:Three miR-21 knockout K562/G01 single-cell-derived clones were successfully constructed. The mutation efficiency mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 was 7.12%-8.11%. MiR-21 knockout inhibited the proliferation of K562/G01 cells; the clone formation rates of WT and 1#, 2#, 6# K562/G01 single-cell clones were (57.67±8.25) %, (26.94± 5.36) %, (7.17±2.11) %, (31.50±3.65) %, respectively. MiR-21 knockout increased the sensitivity of K562/G01 cells to imatinib, IC 50 of imatinib in WT, and 1#, 2#, 6# K562/G01 single-cell clones were (21.92±1.36) μmol/ml, (3.98±0.39) μmol/ml, (5.38±1.01) μmol/ml, (9.24±1.36) μmol/ml. After the knockout of miR-21, the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling molecules was inhibited, while the expression of P210 BCR-ABL and p-P210 BCR-ABL was downregulated; however, the expression of PTEN was not affected. Conclusion:The knockout of miR-21 can suppress cell proliferation and improve sensitivity to imatinib in K562/G01 cells, which may be achieved by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and BCR-ABL expression.

Objective:To study the effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in the long-term treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children, to analyze the factors influencing the efficacy, and to provide theoretical guidance for the application of CSII in long-term therapy and follow-up management.Method:A total of 60 T1DM children who were under 18 years old, lived in Qingdao for a long time, had CSII for more than 6 months, and visited the Outpatient Department of Endocrinology of Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital for a long term from January 2019 to June 2019 were followed up with questionnaires to understand their general condition and treatment-related data.Result:After the CSII therapy, the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of T1DM children significantly decreased from (9.58±2.08)% to (7.12±1.11)% ( t=7.315, P<0.05), the daily insulin dosage per unit weight significantly declined from 0.91(0.86, 0.94) IU to 0.80 (0.66, 0.88) IU ( Z=-5.514, P<0.05), and the frequency of both hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis was significantly reduced.Diet control, daily exercise time, the visit frequency and the self-monitoring frequency of blood glucose affected the curative effect of CSII therapy (all P<0.05). Conclusion:CSII therapy can effectively control the blood glucose of children with T1DM in Qingdao area, significantly lower HbA1c, and reduce the insulin dosage and the incidence of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.Good diet control, regular exercise, regular follow-up and a high frequency of blood glucose monitoring are associated with better glycemic control.