As a large family of transcription factors, the MYB family plays a vital role in regulating flower development. We studied the MYB family members in Lonicera macranthoides for the first time and identified three sequences of 1R-MYB, 47 sequences of R2R3-MYB, two sequences of 3R-MYB, and one sequence of 4R-MYB from the transcriptome data. Further, their physicochemical properties, conserved domains, phylogenetic relationship, protein structure, functional information, and expression were analyzed. The results show that the 53 MYB transcription factors had different conserved motifs, physicochemical properties, structures, and functions in wild type and 'Xianglei' cultivar of L. macranthoides, indicating their conservation and diversity in evolution. The transcript level of LmMYB was significantly different between the wild type and 'Xianglei' cultivar as well as between flowers and leaves, and some genes were specifically expressed. Forty-three out of 53 LmMYB sequences were expressed in both flowers and leaves, and 9 of the LmMYB members showed significantly different transcript levels between the wild type and 'Xianglei' cultivar, which were up-regulated in the wild type. The results provide a theoretical basis for further studying the specific functional mechanism of the MYB family.
Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Lonicera/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of sleep deprivation on vestibular function in normal adults. MethodsThe Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） and basic data were collected and recorded before the experiment. The 38 medical workers in the experimental group were examined by cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential （cVEMP）， ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential， （oVEMP） and video-head impulse test （vHIT） to check vestibular function after normal sleep and night shift， respectively， and the results were compared for their own control. At the same time， 20 normal adults were selected as the control group， and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials （VEMPs） were performed to check vestibular function for comparative analysis between groups. Results①The difference in PSQI scores between the 38 health workers and the control group was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The test group had 11 sleep disorders （ PSQI score >7） ； ②In the sleep deprivation state， the abnormal rate of oVEMP was higher than that of normal sleep （P = 0.02）， the abnormal rate of cVEMP tended to increase， and the rate of interaural asymmetry of cVEMP and oVEMP was higher than that of normal sleep （P < 0.05）， while no significant difference was seen in the abnormal rate of vHIT （P > 0.05）； ③Among the 38 healthcare workers， subjects prone to vestibular function abnormalities （abnormal group） had a higher number of years of service and number of night shift days per month than those without vestibular function abnormalities （normal group） （P < 0.05）. In the abnormal group， there were 5 cases of left-sided amplitude decrease （71%） and 2 cases of right-sided amplitude decrease （29%） in cVEMP； there were 13 cases of left-sided amplitude decrease （76%） and 4 cases of right-sided amplitude decrease （24%） in oVEMP； ④In the same normal sleep state， cVEMP performance in the test group showed statistically significant differences in prolonged P1 latency and interwave period compared with the control group （P < 0.05）. The oVEMP performance of the test group showed statistically significant differences （P < 0.05） in the prolongation of N1 latency and interwave period compared with the control group， manifested by the prolongation of latency and interwave period， and the remaining parameters did not show significant differences （P>0.05）. Conclusions①Sleep deprivation has potential， cumulative damage to otolithic function； ② Long working years and high number of night shifts per month are risk factors for sleep deprivation affecting individual vestibular function； ③Vestibular evoked myogenic potentiometry may serve as a screening tool to determine sleep-related vestibular impairment. The results of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials are more reliable when performed in a state of good recent sleep quality.

【Objective】 To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of T2DM patients with renal involvement. 【Methods】 We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical and pathologic data from T2DM patients who received renal biopsy(n = 120), and these patients were followed up. Renal outcome is defined as receiving renal replacement therapy or progression to ESRD. 【Results】 Among the 120 patients with T2DM, 57(47.5%) were diagnosed as DN, and 63(52.5%) as non diabetic renal disease(NDRD). The most common subtype of NDRD is membranous nephropathy. Compared with the NDRD group, the DN group had longer course of diabetes, worse renal function and higher proportion of diabetic retinopathy. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the renal survival rate in DN group was significantly lower than that in NDRD group. The 1-year, 5-year renal survival rate of DN group was only 81%, 41% Vs NDRD group 95, 84%. After multivariate adjustment, the risk of ESRD in DN patients was 3.81 times higher than that of NDRD patients(95%CI 1.61-9.01, P=0.002) . 【Conclusions】 There is a risk of misdiagnosis DN by clinical manifestations, and accurate diagnosis depends on renal biopsy. The prognosis of DN patients is significantly worse than NDRD, so it is of great clinical significance to distinguish the pathological types of diabetic patients with kidney disease.

This paper summarizes research progresses of Chinese scholars in the field of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) in 2018. Chinese scholars focused on drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, and carried out studies on the mechanisms of drug metabolism and transport of active molecules. Topics of research included regulatory mechanisms of drug metabolizing enzymes or transporters, and their implications in drug development and disease etiology or progression. Here, we summarized studies on drug toxicity based on drug metabolism or transport, rational drug use in the clinic, drug metabolism mediated by intestinal flora, metabolism of traditional Chinese medicines, and new technologies or models in DMPK. In recent years, the research focus of drug metabolism in China has transformed from serving for new drug discovery and rational use, to innovation driven and mechanism oriented research. The domestic research topics and technology utilization are gradually aligning with the international conventions.

Low targeting efficiency limits the applications of nanoparticles in cancer therapy. The fact that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) trapped in the lung after systemic infusion is a disadvantage for cell therapy purposes. Here, we utilized MSC as lung cancer-targeted drug delivery vehicles by loading nanoparticles (NP) with anti-cancer drug. MSC showed a higher drug intake capacity than fibroblasts. In addition, MSC showed predominant lung trapping in both rabbit and monkey. IR-780 dye, a fluorescent probe used to represent docetaxel (DTX) in NP, delivered MSC accumulated in the lung. Both MSC/A549 cell experiments and MSC/lung cancer experiments validated the intercellular transportation of NP between MSC and cancer cells. assays showed that the MSC/NP/DTX drug delivery system exerted primary tumor inhibition efficiency similar to that of a NP/DTX drug system. Collectively, the MSC/NP drug delivery system is promising for lung-targeted drug delivery for the treatment of lung cancer and other lung-related diseases.

OBJECTIVETo explore the recognition ability and abnormal processing characteristics to basic emotional faces in the early phase in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

METHODSPhotos of Chinese static faces with four basic emotions (fearful, happy, angry and sad) were used as stimulus. Twenty-five ASD children and twenty-two age- and gender-matched typical developed children (normal controls) were asked to match the emotional faces with words. Event-related potential (ERP) data were recorded concurrently.

RESULTSN170 latencies for total emotion and fearful face in the left temporal region were faster than in the right one in normal controls (P<0.05), but the results were not noted in ASD children. Further, N170 latencies in the left temporal region of ASD children were slower than normal controls for total emotion, fearful and happy faces (P<0.05), and their N170 latencies in the right temporal region were prone to slower than normal controls for angry and fearful faces.

CONCLUSIONSThe holistic perception speed of emotional faces in the early cognitive processing phase in ASD children is slower than normal controls. The lateralized response in the early phase of recognizing emotional faces may be aberrant in children with ASD.

PURPOSE: Little is known about combination of the circulating Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA and tumor volume in prognosis of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. We conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic values of combining these two factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By Kaplan-Meier, we compare the differences of survival curves between 385 patients with different EBV DNA or tumor volume levels, or with the combination of two biomarkers mentioned above. RESULTS: Gross tumor volume of cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd, p < 0.001) and total tumor volume (GTVtotal, p < 0.001) were both closely related to pretreatment EBV DNA, while gross tumor volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx, p=0.047) was weakly related to EBV DNA. EBV DNA was significantly correlated with progress-free survival (PFS, p=0.005), locoregional-free survival (LRFS, p=0.039), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, p=0.017), while GTVtotal, regardless of GTVnx and GTVnd, had a significant correlation with PFS and LRFS. The p-values of GTVtotal for PFS and LRFS were 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. According to GTVtotal and pretreatment EBV DNA level, patients were divided into a low-risk group (EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³; EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³; or EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³) and a high-risk group (EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³). When patients in the low-risk group were compared with those in the high-risk group, 3-year PFS (p=0.003), LRFS (p=0.010), and DMFS (p=0.031) rates were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume were both closely correlated with prognosis of stage II NPC patients in the IMRT era. Combination of EBV DNA and tumor volume can refine prognosis and indicate for clinical therapy.
Biomarkers ; Cohort Studies* ; DNA* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Nasopharynx ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy* ; Tumor Burden*

Line scanning quantitative analysis method on silicate with small laser beam ( < 15 μm) was developed using laser ablation sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-SF-ICP-MS). Differences on signal intensity and elemental fractionation induced by different laser sampling patterns were compared. While spot ablation with small laser beam, the elemental signal intensity decreased with time significantly, and the elemental fractionation was obvious. In contrast, the elemental signal intensity by line scanning was higher and more stable and line scanning was free of elemental fractionation. Therefore, identical ablation pattern and condition should be used for the standard and the unknown sample in LA-ICP-MS quantitative analysis. A single pulse experiment was carried out to investigate the washout time when coupled to two-volume ablation cell. The result indicated that the elemental intensity decayed to the background value needed 2-3 s. The optimal parameters on SF-ICP-MS were set to reduce the effect of signal overlapping. Homogeneous sample KL2-G and titanite grains with composition zoning were analyzed by this method. Accurate element contents and element ratios indicated that fast washout time and optimal instrument parameters made it feasible to perform line scanning quantitative analysis accurately. Comparing to traditional microanalysis, line scanning quantitative analysis could reduce the laser beam size (<15 μm) and improve the spatial resolution efficiently. The potential of the technique to unveil compositional complexities in greater detail would help to improve our understanding of geochemical processes in mineral scale.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the current supply and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among rural-to-urban migrant workers in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Zhongshan and Shenzhen, China and the influential factors for the use of PPE, and to provide a basis for better occupational health services and ensuring the health of migrant workers.

METHODSMulti-stage sampling was used to select 856 migrant workers from 27 SMEs in Zhongshan and Shenzhen, and face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted in these subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, and logistic regression.

RESULTSOf all migrant workers, 38.67%were supplied with free PPE by the factory, and this rate varied across industries (furniture industry: 45.81%; electronic industry: 31.46%) and SMEs (medium enterprises: 42.13%; small enterprises: 39.20%; micro enterprises: 22.16%); 22.43% insisted on the use of PPE. The logistic regression analysis showed that factors associated with the use of PPE included sex, age, awareness of occupational health knowledge, and the size of enterprise.

CONCLUSIONThe rates of supply and use of PPE among migrant workers are low. The larger the enterprise, the better the supply of PPE. Male gender, being elder, and high occupational health knowledge score were favorable factors for the use of PPE, while small enterprise size was the unfavorable factor for the use of PPE.

Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health Services ; statistics & numerical data ; Protective Devices ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Transients and Migrants ; statistics & numerical data

No abstract available.
Humans ; Interferon-gamma* ; Pityriasis Rosea*