Objective To construct a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer and to evaluate its efficacy.Methods Through literature review and Delphi expert correspondence,a non-drug intervention program for acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer was constructed.By the convenience sampling method,200 consecutive children who received chemotherapy in the neurosurgery department of a tertiary children's hospital in Zhejiang province from February 1 to October 31,2023 were included as the application subjects,with 100 cases in an experimental group and 100 cases in a control group.The experimental group applied the non-drug intervention program of acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children with cancer,and the routine measures were applied in the control group.The incidence of nausea and vomiting,severity of vomiting,compliance rate of normal sleep duration and incidence of negative emotions were compared between the 2 groups.Results The recovery rate of the valid questionnaire in 2 rounds of expert letter inquiry was 100％,and the expert authority coefficient was 0.836.The Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.471 and 0.820(P＜0.001),and the final non-drug intervention program for pediatric acute chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting included 5 primary,14 secondary and 18 tertiary items.The results showed that the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The severity of vomiting was less than it in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).The standard rate of normal sleep time was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The non-drug intervention program of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in children is scientific and feasible,and the implementation of the program can reduce the incidence of nausea,vomiting and negative emotions,reduce the severity of vomiting,and improve the standard rate of normal bedtime in children.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

AIM: To analyse the prevalence and risk factors of dry eye among children aged 7-14 years in myopia prevention and control clinic.METHODS:A total of 222 children aged 7-14 years in myopia prevention and control clinic from December 2021 to February 2022 were included. General data of included children were collected, assessing the prevalence of dry eye by the ocular surface disease index(OSDI)scale and Keratograph 5M, and analyzing risk factors for dry eye occurrence by Logistic regression model.RESULTS:The prevalence of dry eye in children in myopia prevention and control clinic was 27.9%. Logistic Regression analysis showed that, allergic conjunctivitis(OR=2.31, 95%CI=1.12-4.78, P=0.02), refractive error(OR=5.57, 95%CI=2.40-12.94, P<0.01), use time of electronic >2h per day(OR=2.74, 95%CI=1.11-6.78, P=0.03), time of playing games >2h per day(OR=2.33, 95%CI=1.12-4.84, P=0.02), outdoor activity time ≤2h per day(OR=4.28, 95%CI=2.02-9.07, P<0.01)and sleep duration <8h per day(OR=3.23, 95%CI=1.44-7.27, P=0.01)were risk factors for dry eye among the children.CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of dry eye among children in myopia prevention and control clinic should be paid high attention. Therefore, improving behavior habits and controlling the use time of visual display terminal products to prevent and slow down the occurrence of dry eye in children.

Phosphoprotein Phosphatases ; Kinetics ; Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism*

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a severe public health problem with increasing morbidity and mortality, any treatment targeting a single session is insufficient to tackle this. CHF is characterized by reduced cardiac output resulting from neurohumoral dysregulation and cardiac remodeling, which might be related to oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial function, and angiogenesis. These molecular mechanisms interact with each other through crosstalk. Historically, Chinese medicinal herbs have been widely applied in the treatment of CHF, and therapeutic effects of Chinese medicinal herbs and their ingredients have been scientifically confirmed over the past decades. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with multiple components can confront the different pathogenesis of CHF through multiple targets. This review analyzes commonly used TCM patent drugs and TCM decoctions that are applicable to different stages of CHF based on clinical trials. Diverse bioactive ingredients in Chinese medicinal herbs have been found to treat CHF via multiple molecular mechanisms. This review comprehensively covers the key works on the effects and underlying mechanisms of TCM, herbal ingredients and synergistic effects of constituent compatibility in treating CHF, providing additional ideas to address this threat.

Chronic heart failure(CHF) is a series of clinical syndromes in which various heart diseases progress to their end stage. Its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year, which seriously threatens people's life and health. The diseases causing CHF are complex and varied, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cardiomyopathy and so on. It is of great significance to establish animal models of CHF according to different etiologies to explore the pathogenesis of CHF and develop drugs to prevent and treat CHF induced by different diseases. Therefore, based on the classification of the etiology of CHF, this paper summarizes the animal models of CHF widely used in recent 10 years, and the application of these animal models in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) research, in order to provide ideas and strategies for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of CHF, and provide ideas for TCM modernization research.
Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Heart Failure ; Heart Diseases ; Chronic Disease ; Models, Animal

Objective To investigate the spontaneous neural activity in the brain of patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD) used 3 indicators of resting state-functional magnetic resonance (rs-fMRI) amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and percentage amplitude fluctuation (PerAF). Methods Totally 36 clinically diagnosed AD patients and 40 healthy volunteers were scanned by fMRI in resting state respectively. ALFF, fALFF and PerAF were used to calculate and compare the changes of brain regions between the two groups. Results Compared with the normal control group, mALFF value in AD group increased significantly in bilateral caudate nucleus, medial frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, gyrus rectus, anterior cingulate gyrus, olfactive cortex, left middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus (P<0. 05). mALFF values decreased significantly in the right middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, bilateral calcarine, cuneus, lingual gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, vermis, precuneus and other regions (P<0. 05). In AD group, mfALFF value of right inferior temporal gyrus, anterior cerebellar lobe, fusiform gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, gyrus rectus and anterior cingulate gyrus increased significantly (P<0. 05); mfALFF values decreased significantly in bilateral lingual gyrus, left calcarine, cuneus, superior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus and vermis (P<0. 05). In AD group, mPerAF value increased significantly in bilateral gyrus rectus, anterior cingulate gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, caudate nucleus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, olfactive cortex and insula (P<0. 05); mPerAF values decreased significantly in bilateral calcarine, cuneus, superior occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, precuneus, left fusiform gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, right superior parietal lobule, angular gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The default mode network (DMN) and visual network of AD patients are characterized by abnormal brain activity, with the most significant neural activity in the prefrontal cortex and visual cortex.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of gelatin sponge particles,gelatin sponge strips,and spring coil combined with gelatin sponge particles in preoperative interventional embolization for spinal tumors.Methods The clinical data of a total of 92 patients with spinal tumor,who received preoperative interventional embolization before spinal tumor surgery at the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital and Xiamen Branch of Fudan University of China between June 2012 and June 2022,were collected.According to the different embolization materials used during the interventional embolization,the patients were divided into gelatin sponge particle group(ni=36),gelatin sponge strip group(n=36),and spring coil plus gelatin sponge particle group(n=20).Kruskal-Wallis testing was used to compare the intraoperative bleeding volume among the three groups,and Fisher's exact probability testing was used to compare the incidence of complications among the three groups.Results Successful surgical resection of the spinal tumor was accomplished in all patients.The median intraoperative bleeding volumes in gelatin sponge particle group,gelatin sponge strip group,and spring coil plus gelatin sponge particle group were 400 mL(200-950 mL),1 000 mL(513-2000 mL),and 1000 mL(500-1350 mL)respectively.The intraoperative bleeding volume in the gelatin sponge particle group was significantly smaller than that in the gelatin sponge strip group(P=0.000 8)and in the spring coil plus gelatin sponge particle group(P=0.002 7),the differences were statistically significant.After operation,4 patients in the gelatin sponge particle group developed incision infection or local abscess formation,one patient in the gelatin sponge strip group developed incision dehiscence,and one patient in the spring coil plus gelatin sponge particle group had postoperative local hematoma at the incision site.No statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications existed between each other among the three groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion For interventional embolization of spinal tumor,all of the gelatin sponge particles,gelatin sponge strips,and spring coils are clinically safe and effective.However,in reducing the amount of blood loss during surgery the superselective catheterization with embolization of tumor-feeding arteries using gelatin sponge particles is superior to the non-superselective catheterization with embolization of tumor-feeding arteries using gelatin sponge strips or combination use of gelatin sponge particles and spring coils.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1184-1189)

Glioblastoma(GBM)is a lethal cancer with limited therapeutic options.Dendritic cell(DC)-based cancer vaccines provide a promising approach for GBM treatment.Clinical studies suggest that other immu-notherapeutic agents may be combined with DC vaccines to further enhance antitumor activity.Here,we report a GBM case with combination immunotherapy consisting of DC vaccines,anti-programmed death-1(anti-PD-1)and poly I:C as well as the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide that was integrated with standard chemoradiation therapy,and the patient remained disease-free for 69 months.The patient received DC vaccines loaded with multiple forms of tumor antigens,including mRNA-tumor associated antigens(TAA),mRNA-neoantigens,and hypochlorous acid(HOCl)-oxidized tumor lysates.Furthermore,mRNA-TAAAs were modified with a novel TriVac technology that fuses TAAs with a destabilization domain and inserts TAAs into full-length lysosomal associated membrane protein-1 to enhance major histo-compatibility complex(MHC)class Ⅰ and Ⅱ antigen presentation.The treatment consisted of 42 DC cancer vaccine infusions,26 anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab administrations and 126 poly I:C injections for DC infusions.The patient also received 28 doses of cyclophosphamide for depletion of regulatory T cells.No immunotherapy-related adverse events were observed during the treatment.Robust antitumor CD4+and CD8+T-cell responses were detected.The patient remains free of disease progression.This is the first case report on the combination of the above three agents to treat glioblastoma patients.Our results suggest that integrated combination immunotherapy is safe and feasible for long-term treatment in this patient.A large-scale trial to validate these findings is warranted.

AIM: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of dense automatic real time B-scan optical coherence tomography angiography(DART-OCTA)in macular-involved branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)and the diagnostic value of capillary perfusion imaging in the macular area.METHODS: From June 2020 to December 2020, there were 51 cases of 51 eyes with BRVO diagnosed in Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University. Imaging characteristics of the BRVO macular area were observed by fluorescein angiography(FA), optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and DART-OCTA examination, respectively. According to the retinal capillary perfusion status, the included patients were divided into capillary and non-imaging groups, comparing the results of capillary perfusion imaging in the BRVO macular area among the three examination methods.Furthermore, quantitative analysis of capillary perfusion density in the lesion involved area and the lesion non-involved area was performed in DART-OCTA images. RESULTS: Patients with 51 eyes were included in this study, FA identified 10 eyes of capillary perfusion imaging, OCTA identified 14 eyes of capillary perfusion imaging, DART-OCTA identified 34 eyes of the capillary perfusion imaging.Comparison of the three test methods for capillary perfusion imaging findings in the BRVO macular area showed that DART-OCTA was more sensitive compared to FA and OCTA for capillary perfusion imaging in the ischemic area. In DART-OCTA examination, retinal capillary blood flow density was lower in the lesion-involved areas in both the capillary perfusion imaging group and the non-imaging groups(0.65±0.20/mm vs 1.16±0.31/mm,0.41±0.16/mm vs 1.06±0.38/mm, all P<0.0001).CONCLUSION: DART-OCTA can provide clearer tomographic imaging of retinal capillary perfusion. And the imaging with its observation of BRVO involving the macular area is least affected by macular hemorrhage and it is an important complementary method for BRVO patients with significant retinal hemorrhage.