OBJECTIVE To optimize the honey processing technology of Phellinus igniarius. METHODS The key factors of honey processing technology of P. igniarius （honey-water ratio， the mass ratio of honey-water to P. igniarius， the frying temperature and the frying time） were investigated by orthogonal test combined with analytic hierarchy process to determine the optimal technological parameters， using the internal quality （the contents of ergosterol， protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid） and appearance traits as evaluation indexes. RESULTS The optimal process of honey-roasting P. igniarius was to take raw P. igniarius （1 cm3 square block）， add the appropriate amount of auxiliary materials （with 25 kg of refined honey and water for every 100 kg of P. igniarius）， mix well， moisten for 2 h until the auxiliary materials were completely absorbed； put it in a frying container， fry at the frying temperature of 130-140 ℃ for 5 min； take it out， put it in an oven at 50 ℃ for 2 h； take it out， and let it cool. The RSD of the results of three validation experiments was 0.68%. CONCLUSIONS The optimized honey processing technology of P. igniarius is stable and feasible.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the honey processing technology of Phellinus igniarius. METHODS The key factors of honey processing technology of P. igniarius （honey-water ratio， the mass ratio of honey-water to P. igniarius， the frying temperature and the frying time） were investigated by orthogonal test combined with analytic hierarchy process to determine the optimal technological parameters， using the internal quality （the contents of ergosterol， protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid） and appearance traits as evaluation indexes. RESULTS The optimal process of honey-roasting P. igniarius was to take raw P. igniarius （1 cm3 square block）， add the appropriate amount of auxiliary materials （with 25 kg of refined honey and water for every 100 kg of P. igniarius）， mix well， moisten for 2 h until the auxiliary materials were completely absorbed； put it in a frying container， fry at the frying temperature of 130-140 ℃ for 5 min； take it out， put it in an oven at 50 ℃ for 2 h； take it out， and let it cool. The RSD of the results of three validation experiments was 0.68%. CONCLUSIONS The optimized honey processing technology of P. igniarius is stable and feasible.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for the determination of the concentrations of anti-tumor lead compounds purine benzamides PLB-E and PLB-P in rat plasma by HPLC and apply to study pharmacokinetics. METHODS The established HPLC was used to determine the plasma drug concentrations of rats at different time points after intravenous administration of 5, 10, 20 mg·kg–1 (low, medium, high doses) of PLB-E and PLB-P, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of each compound were calculated using DAS 3.3.0 software. RESULTS PLB-E and PLB-P had good linear relationship in the range of 2–120, 3–60 μg·mL–1, respectively(r2>0.999). The RSD of inter-day and intra-day precision were <15%. The extraction recoveries were 87.48%–92.84% and 88.24%–92.60%, respectively. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of PLB-E and PLB-P after a single intravenous injection of 5, 10, 20 mg·kg–1 were as follows, the average Cmax was (20.30±2.39), (40.63±3.40), (63.62±7.55)mg·L–1 and (13.21±1.40), (24.87±1.33), (32.83±0.65)mg·L–1, respectively. AUC(0-∞) were (104.67±48.39), (177.42±84.11), (194.32±91.48)mg·h·L–1 and (106.75±54.21), (179.90±93.59), (253.56±126.17)mg·h·L–1, respectively. Tmax of each dose was 0.08 h. CONCLUSION The HPLC method established in this study meets the requirements for the determination of biological samples through methodological verification, which is applicable to the determination of the concentration of PLB-E and PLB-P in rat plasma and the pharmacokinetic study. The pharmacokinetic process of PLB-E and PLB-P in rats conforms to the two-compartment model, and conforms to the nonlinear kinetic elimination.

A 82-year-old man was admitted to hospital with fever,unresponsiveness,elevated hypersensitive C-reactive protein and neutrophile granulocyte.Ceftriaxone was administrated by intravenous dripping in the emergency room,but the effect was not satisfactory.Following his admission to the ward,cefoperazone sulbactam were given.Elizabethkingia meningoseptica was identified by blood culture and further confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing.The lumbar puncture showed that cerebrospinal fluid pressure was 80 mmH2O(1 mmH2O=0.0098 kPa)and biochemical results were normal.After 11 days of cefoperazone sulbactam treatment,the patient was discharged with negative blood culture.The hypersensitive C-reactive protein and neutrophile granulocyte had also declined.The patient received levofloxacin tablets for anti-infection treatment for 14 d after discharge.No signs of infection were observed in three months'following up.

Background/Aims: Previous studies have shown that diet and physical activity can influence constipation. However, the combined effect of diet and physical activity on constipation remains unclear. Methods: Constipation was defined based on stool consistency and frequency, while overall diet quality was assessed using Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores. Participants were categorized into low (metabolic equivalent [MET]-min/wk < 500) and high physical activitygroups (MET-min/wk ≥ 500). The association between diet and constipation across physical activity groups was analyzed using surveylogistic regression and restricted cubic splines. Results: Higher HEI-2015 scores were associated with reduced constipation risk in the high physical activity group when constipation was defined by stool consistency (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-0.99). However, in the low physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores did not significantly affect constipation risk (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.97-1.05). Similar results were found when constipation was defined based on stool frequency. In the high physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores were significantly associated with a reduced constipation risk (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.98). Conversely, in the low physical activity group, increased HEI-2015 scores did not affect the risk of constipation (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.90-1.03). Conclusions Our findings suggest that a higher HEI-2015 score is negatively associated with constipation among individuals with high physical activity levels but not among those with low physical activity levels. This association was consistent when different definitions of constipation were used. These results highlight the importance of combining healthy diet with regular physical activity to alleviate constipation.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of overseas imported arthropod-borne infectious diseases. Methods: The data pertaining to imported dengue fever and malaria cases in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the temporal distribution, regional distribution, population distribution, sources, diagnosis and treatment of imported dengue fever and malaria cases were descriptively analyzed. Results: Totally 4 332 overseas imported dengue fever cases and 2 011 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Yunnan Province form 2015 to 2021, which accounted for 30.09% of all reported dengue fever cases and 98.53% of all reported malaria cases. The number of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases peaked from August to November (83.13% of all imported dengue fever cases) and from April to July (59.08% of all imported malaria cases), and the cases were predominantly reported in Dehong Prefecture (50.99% and 58.88%), with farmers as the predominant occupation (40.21% and 67.93%). The dengue fever and malaria cases were mainly imported from Southeast Asia (99.04% and 88.21%), and the proportions of definitive diagnosis of dengue fever and malaria were 88.33% and 97.80% at township hospitals, respectively. Conclusions The number of overseas imported dengue fever and malaria cases peaked from August to November and from April to July in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2021, and the cases were predominantly reported in Dehong Prefecture and imported from Southeast Asia, with farmers as the predominant occupation.

ObjectiveTo prepare matrine lipid-based cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticle （MAT-LLCN） gels and investigate its in vitro release and transdermal absorption behavior. MethodTaking entrapment efficiency as the index， the optimal formulation of MAT-LLCN was screened by extreme vertex mixture method based on the optimal ratio of glycerol monooleate （GMO） to poloxamer 407 （P407）， and its drug loading was investigated. MAT-LLCN gels was prepared by mixing MAT-LLCN with pre-swelled carbomer 940 as the gel matrix. The structure of MAT-lipid-based cubic liquid crystalline （LLC） was characterized by polarized light microscopy （PLM） and small angle X-ray scattering （SAXS）. The in vitro release and transdermal absorption properties of MAT-LLCN gels and MAT ordinary gels were compared by modified Franz diffusion cell method， skin structure changes caused by them were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. ResultThe optimal formulation of MAT-LLCN gels was 5.5% of GMO-P407 （9∶1）， 1%-6% of MAT， 0.6% of carbomer 940， adding water to sufficient amount. The prepared MAT-LLC was confirmed as body-centered （Im3m） LLC. The in vitro release behavior of MAT-LLCN gels was in accordance with the Weibull equation （R²=0.954 0）， and the release mechanism was the Fick diffusion. In vitro transdermal test showed that all the parameters of MAT-LLCN gels were higher than those of MAT ordinary gels （P<0.05）， including cumulative release rate， steady-state release rate and the amount of drug retention in skin. HE staining results showed that MAT-LLCN gels could loose the cellular arrangement of skin stratum corneum， and maintain the stability of the cell structure of the dermis. ConclusionThe prepared MAT-LLCN gels can accelerate the transdermal drug transport and form drug storage in the dermis by rapidly opening the skin stratum corneum barrier， suggesting that LLC has good application prospects in the field of transdermal drug delivery.

H 1-antihistamines are widely used in the treatment of various allergic diseases, but there are still many challenges in the safe and rational use of H 1-antihistamines in pediatrics, and there is a lack of guidance on the prescription review of H 1-antihistamines for children.In this paper, suggestions are put forward from the indications, dosage, route of administration, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual difference and drug interactions, so as to provide reference for clinicians and pharmacists.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school varicella and varicella public health emergency event (PHEE) in Yunnan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of varicella in schools. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the reported PHEE of varicella in students and varicella in schools in Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2020. Results From 2018 to 2020, a total of 69,391 cases of varicella were reported in students in Yunnan Province, accounting for 71.48% (69 391 / 97 080) of the total cases in the province, and the annual average reported incidence rate was 255.56/100 000 (69 391/27.1522 million). The time distribution of the incidence showed double peaks, which were from May to July (26.48%) and October to January of the following year (53.88%). The incidence rates of different schools from high to low were 301.74/100 000 for primary schools (34 816/11.538 3 million), 250.43/100 000 for kindergarten (11 526/4.6024 million), 202.74/100 000 for middle school (16 779/8.276 1 million), and 119.07/100 000 for others (3 257/2.735 4 million). The age distribution was mainly concentrated in 5-9 years old, accounting for 39.81% (27 625/69 391). Varicella PHEE accounted for 25.64% (180/702）of the province's PHEE in the same period, school varicella PHEE accounted for 100% of varicella PHEE, and the attack rate was 3.38% (6 566/194 260). The sources of reported varicella PHEE were hospitals 45.40% (58/123), epidemic analysis 36.78% (44/123), schools 13.22% (15/123), and others 4.60% (6/123). Conclusion The incidence of varicella in schools in Yunnan Province is high, which is harmful to students. PHEE reported in rural schools are relatively lagging behind. On the basis of doing two doses of varicella vaccination, emergency prevention should be focused on epidemic seasons, lower grade schools and rural schools. The source of infection shall be controlled and managed in time to prevent the outbreak of the epidemic. It is recommended that varicella should be included in the management of Class C infectious diseases.

Objective:To understand the out-of-hospital pain control situation, the medical compliance behavior of taking analgesics and status quo of constipation of patients with cancer pain and their correlations, so as to provide basis for the formulation of targeted continuous nursing measures.Methods:The trained full-time nurses in the pain clinic of the hospital conducted the telephone follow-up of cancer pain patients discharged from Peking University Cancer Hospital from July 2020 to October 2021 to understand the pain related information of patients at home, including the basic pain intensity in the past 24 hours, the compliance behavior of taking analgesics and the occurrence of constipation. The χ 2 test was used to analyze the relationship between pain intensity, medical compliance behavior and constipation. Results:A total of 1 013 patients with out-of-hospital cancer pain aged (61.30±12.56) years from 26 provinces, municipalities or autonomous regions in 6 geographical regions were investigated. 749 (73.94%) patients with cancer pain had moderate or severe pain, 357 patients (35.24%) complained that they did not fully follow the doctor's advice to take analgesic drugs and 533 patients (52.62%) had constipation. The pain intensity of patients with different medical compliance behaviors was different, and the proportion of moderate and severe pain in patients who did not fully follow medical instructions was higher, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The pain intensity of patients with constipation was different from that of patients without constipation. The proportion of patients with moderate to severe pain was higher in patients with constipation, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Out-of-hospital cancer patients have poor pain control, some cancer pain patients do not follow the doctor's advice, and the incidence of constipation is high. The pain intensity of the patients is related to the compliance behavior of taking analgesics and constipation.