Objective To examine whether the boundary patterns of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in the preoperative contrasted enhanced computer tomography (CE-CT) could predict poor postoperative prognosis.Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,104 patients of pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma received radical pancreaticoduodenectomy by a single group of surgeons.All patients underwent CE-CT before operation.The clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis were comparatively analyzed among the patients with different SMA boundary patterns.Results The patients with obscure SMA boundary in CE-CT had a lower overall survival rate (P =0.012) and a higher liver metastasis rate (P ＜ 0.01) compared to the patients with clear SMA boundary.38.2％ of patients with obscure SMA boundary died within 6 months,69.1％ of them died within 12 months while the mortality rate was 6％ within 6 months and 29.2％ within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary.Only 2.2％ of patients with clear SMA boundary presented liver metastasis within 6 months,but that was 53％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.18.4％ of patients developed liver metastasis within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary,whereas the rate was 82％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.Furthermore,the tissues around the SMA presented a higher CT value in any phase in patients with obscure SMA boundary than in patients with clear SMA boundary (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The patterns of the SMA boundary in CE-CT is a potential prognostic factor in pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma after radical operation,and the obscure SMA boundary may be associated with early liver metastasis and high mortality.

Objective To observe BQ123 on lung tissue injury following ischemia-reperfusion of hind limbs in rats.Methods A total of 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into control,I-R,and BQ123 groups,with 10 rats in each group. After 4- hour of ischemia and 4-hour of reperfusion to the hind limbs, ET-1 was measured by radioimmunoassay, levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialehyde (MDA) were examined by biochemical method,and the content of P-selectin was examined by ELISA. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of Fas,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in lung tissues. Pulmonary apoptosis was examined by means of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL) . Results Compared with the control group,the levels of ET-1,MPO,MDA and P-selectin in lung tissues were all increased significantly in I-R group ( P<0. 01). The expressions of Fas,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were 0. 294±0. 003,0. 108±0. 005,and 0. 174±0. 003,significantly up-regulated in the I-R group. The apoptosis rate [(18. 83±2. 86)%] was significantly increased in the I-R group (P<0. 01). Compared with I-R group,the tissue contents of ET-1,MPO,MDA and P-selectin were significantly lowered in BQ123 group (P<0. 01). The expression levels of Fas (0. 115±0. 007) and Caspase-3 (0. 159±0. 006) were decreased,but the expression of Bcl-2 was increased (0. 128±0. 005). The apoptosis rate in BQ123 group was significantly lower [(10. 67±2. 16)%,P<0. 01].Conclusion BQ123 may have protective effects on lung tissue after limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats by means of improving neutrophil aggregation and reducing the expression of proteins related to cell apoptosis.

We developed a three-dimensional mini-type permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device in our lab. The purposes of this study were (1) for further development of MRI technologies, (2) for support of broadening practices of animal test modeling in medical research, and (3) for training more specialists from colleges or universities in the field of MRI. This paper describes the research and development at our lab(s), especially stressing on the design of the main magnet, the gradient coil and the radio frequency coil. In addition, the specific methodologies used in our lab(s) and the related data are emphasized. The 3D MRI technologies have met the needs of using small animals, super thin sections of live animal body and high imaging resolutions. MRI images of mice head and abdominal have been obtained successfully by using the imager that we developed. The imaging results and analyses have also been discussed.
Animals ; Equipment Design ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Mice

Objective To observe the protection effect of ischemic preconditioning to small intestines injury after limbs ischemia reperfusion ,and investigate the role of nitrogen monoxidum in the process .Methods 52 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in-to Sham group ,limbs ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group ,IPC + IR group and Nω-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) group . The value of diamine oxidase (DAO) and nitrogen monoxidum (NO) in plasma and gut tissue ,the content of fluorescein isothiocya-nate lipopolysaccharide (FITC-LPS) in plasma ,and the value of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and malondialehyde (MDA) in gut tissue were measured ,respectively .The expression of P-selection and Caspase-3 were measured by immunohisto-chemistry .The apoptosis of intestinal cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase -mediated dUTP nick end labe-ling (TUNEL) and the results were analysed quantitatively by automatic image analytical system .Results Compared with the LIR group ,the values of DAO and FITC-LPS in plasma decreased obviously in the IPC group ,and the level of NO in plasma increased obviously (P<0 .01) .The values of DAO ,NO and cGMP in gut tissue increased obviously ,the level of MDA and the expression of Caspase-3 and the apoptosis index (AI) were significantly decreased in IPC group (P<0 .01) .Compared with the IPC group ,the value of DAO and FITC-LPS were higher and the level of NO was lower in plasma of the L-NAME group (P<0 .01) .The values of DAO ,NO and cGM P in gut tissue obviously decreased ,the level of MDA significantly increased ,and the expression of Caspase-3 and the AI significantly upregulated in L-NAME group than those in IPC group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion IPC can improve the small intestine injury and the apoptosis following hind limbs ischemia reperfusion which may correlated with the increase in the level of NO .

Objective To investigate the stapled trans-anal rectal resection (STARR) and Altemeir's resection for rectum prolapse in spinalcord injury (SCI) patients. Methods Anus bowel disease of 260 SCI patients were investigated, 21 cases with rectum prolapse who wereinvalid for nonoperative treatment chose Altemeir's resection or STARR depending on the degree of rectum prolapse. They were recorded ac- cording to International Spinal Cord Injury Bowel Function Based and Extension Set before and 12 months after operation. Results 85 SCIpatients were with rectum prolapse (32.7%), 21 patients complicated with constipation and mixed hemorrhoid, 19 with rectal mucous membraneprolapse (<7 cm), 4 with rectal internal mucous intussusception, 2 were completely rectum prolapse (≥7 cm). Rectum prolapse of Ⅰdegree was found in 13 cases, Ⅱ in 5 cases, and Ⅲ in 3 cases. Patients with Ⅰ or Ⅱ degrees rectum prolapse accepted STARR, those withⅢ degrees accepted Altemeir's resection. No serious complication was found. Self-report of intestinal dysfunction affecting the quality oflife during the 12 months after operation significantly decreased (P<0.01), so as the need of drawing out defecate with hands (P<0.01), theusage of liner, plug, or antidiarrheal (P<0.001). The symptom such as endless defecate feeling, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, abdominaldiscomfort were significantly alleviated (P<0.05). Conclusion STARR and Altemeir's resection are both safe and effective operationfor rectum prolapse in SCI patients.

Objective To apply the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for deglutition disorders of the elderly. Methods 32 elderlypatients with deglutition disorders accepted PEG were reviewed. They accepted post-operative enteral nutrition and were followed upmonthly with their weight, body mass index and mini-nutritional assessment (MNA). Results 2 cases presented skin infection of stoma, nomore complications happened. Their weight, body mass index and MNA improved significantly 3 months after treatment (P<0.05). ConclusionPEG is an effective treatment for the elderly deglutition disorders.

Upper limb dysfunction can severely threaten the quality of life of the patients with breast cancer after mastectomy. This paper reviewed the researches on its pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and so on in the last 10 years. Early rehabilitation is very important for upper limb dysfunction after mastectomy.

Objective To study the efficacy of trimetazidine combined with perindopril in treating congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods One hundred and eighteen patients with CHF were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. All patients were given conventional medical treatment. Patients in the control group was treated with additionally with perindopril. The initial dose was 2 mg/d, and gradually increased to target dose of 4 mg/d. The experimental group was additionally treated with trimetazidine 20 mg orally 3 times a day for 12 weeks based on the regimen in the control group. The changes of left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) , left ventricular end of diastolic volume ( LVEDV) , left ventricular end of systolic volume ( LVESV), stroke volume (SV),cardiac output (CO)and cardiac function (NYHA) were observed. Results In the experiment group, after treatment,LVEF,LVEDV,LVESV,CO and SV were(46. 89 ±8. 00)% ,(129. 20 ±25. 00)ml, (70.90 ±32. 00)ml, (4. 32 ±0. 65 ) L/min and (55. 06 ± 13. 27) ml, respectively, which were significantly improved compared to those before treatment (29.60 ± 11. 00)% ,(164. 40 ± 31. 00) ml, (95. 60 ± 33. 00) ml, (2.91 ±0.56) L/min and (37. 69 ± 13. 62) ml .respectively) ( P < 0.01 or P < 0. 05). After treatment, the LVEF, LVEDV, LVESV, CO and SV were (46.89 ± 8. 00)% , (34. 70 ± 9. 00)% ,( 129. 20 ± 25. 00) ml, ( 148. 20 ±29. 00) ml and (70.90 ± 32. 00)ml in the experiment group, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (81. 10 ±31.00)ml, (4. 32 ±0.65) L/min, (3. 14 ±0.60) L/min, (55. 06 ±13.27 )ml and (49. 56 ± 14. 29) ml, respectively) (P <0. 01 or P <0. 05). The overall effective rate in the experiment group was 93. 2% .which was significantly higher than that in the control group (66. 1% ) ( P < 0.01). No obvious adverse effect was observed. Conclusions The effect of trimetazidine combined with perindopril in treating congestive heart failure is satisfactory. It is safe and effective for CHF.

AIM:To investigate the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in nephritic epithelium of primates. METHODS:The expression of ACE2 in Vero E6 cells was detected by the techniques of RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry (ICC) techniques. The distribution of ACE2 protein in kidney tissues of two Rhesus monkeys and two normal human cases was observed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. RESULTS:Vero E6 cells were found to express both ACE2 mRNA and protein. ACE2 protein was mainly located in epithelium of proximal tubules of Rhesus monkey and human kidney. CONCLUSION:The expression of ACE2 in epithelium of primate kidney may provide the condition for SARS-CoV entry,which may be one of the reasons for inducing renal damage in SARS patients.

Objective To observe the apeptosis in liver injury following limbs ischemia-reperfusion(IR) in rats and the protective effects of taurine.Methods The model of limbs ischemia-reperfusion injury was established.30 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: control group,IR group and tanrine + reperfusion group (TR group) (n = 10 for each group).The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and xanthineoxidas (XOD), calcium and myeloper-oxidase (MPO) in the liver tissue were measured.DNA fragmentation was observed and analyzed by agarose gel e-lectrophoresis.Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL methods.The morphologic changes were observed with HE stai-ning.Results Compared with control group,the values of MDA, XOD, MPO, calcium in liver tissue were increased significantly in IR group (P<0.01), but the values of those in TR group were lower than in IR group (P<0.01).The percentage of apeptosis cell was higher in IR group than in control group(P<0.01).Compared with IR group, the percentage of apoptosis cell was lower in TR group (P<0.01).IR group presented DNA ladder pattern, while TR group showed no specific DNA ladder pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis.Conclusion Apoptosis participates in the liver injury after limb ischemia-reperfusion.Taurine can mitigate the liver injury and apoptosis after limb is-chemia-reperfusion injury in rats.