Objective:To explore chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) and pregnancy outcomes in fetuses with mild to moderate isolated ventriculomegaly (IVM), but without other indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 215 singleton pregnancies with mild to moderate IVM (lateral ventricular width≥10-<15 mm) who underwent chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), not indicated by advanced age, high risk in serum screening or abnormal history of pregnancy, at the Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital between June 2016 and March 2023. The 215 fetuses were grouped into mild ( n=167) and moderate ( n=48) IVM;unilateral ( n=142) and bilateral ( n=73) IVM; first diagnosis of IVM before 28 weeks ( n=138) and thereafter ( n=77). Anomalies other than IVM were excluded via three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound examination between 22 and 26 weeks of gestation. Out of these cases, 129 were confirmed by fetal cranial MRI, 191 underwent chromosomal karyotype analysis, and 202 cases received cytomegalovirus DNA quantification test for amniotic fluid. The detection rates of pathogenic CNVs in various groups were compared using Fisher's exact test. Results:Among the 215 fetuses, 11 cases (5.1%) of chromosomal abnormalities were detected through CMA, including one trisomy 21, five pathogenic CNVs, and five CNVs of uncertain clinical significance. Within the pathogenic CNVs, there were two de novo mutations with 16p11.2 microdeletion and one de novo mutation with 16p11.2 microduplication, while one 16p11.2 microduplication and one Xp22.31 microdeletion were inherited maternally. Of the CNVs of uncertain significance, there were two 16p13.11 microduplications, each inherited from a different parent, one paternally and one maternally; meanwhile, family validation was refused in the other three cases with 3p22.1 microdeletion, 3p26.3 microdeletion, and 9q21.33q22.31 microduplication. The detection rate of pathogenic CNVs in the moderate IVM group was higher than that in the mild IVM group [6.3% (3/48) vs. 1.2% (2/167)], but the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.083). Similarly, no significant difference was found in the detection rate of pathogenic CNVs when comparing the unilateral IVM group [2.1% (3/142)] with the bilateral IVM group [2.7% (2/73)], nor between the group diagnosed with VM before 28 weeks gestation [2.2% (3/138)] and that diagnosed ≥28 weeks [2.6% (2/77)] (both P>0.05). After the exclusion of fetuses with chromosomal pathogenic abnormalities ( n=11), cytomegalovirus infection( n=1), and additional ultrasound anomalies ( n=7), and several cases with missing data intrauterine outcomes were followed up in 169 IVM fetuses, including 104 (61.5%) improved, 60 (35.5%) unchanged, and five (3.0%) progressed. Follow-ups were successful for 194 women, of which eight pregnancies were terminated (including one trisomy 21, four pathogenic CNVs, one fetal cytomegalovirus infection, and two progressed to severe IVM). Among the 186 newborns, one was diagnosed with X-linked ichthyosis, and one child who progressed to severe IVM before born was followed until 20 months of age without notable phenotypic abnormalities. The rest 184 babies, including those with CNVs of uncertain clinical significance, exhibited no developmental abnormalities during follow-up between the ages of three months and six years. Conclusions:For those fetuses with isolated mild to moderate IVM, but without indications for prenatal diagnosis such as advanced maternal age, high risk in serum screening or abnormal history of pregnancy, remain having the risk for chromosomal aberrations, and 16p11.2 microdeletion/microduplication might be a frequent CNV associated with this condition. Aside from those with pathogenic chromosomal aberrations, fetal cytomegalovirus infection, or progressive enlargement of the lateral ventricles, most fetuses with isolated mild to moderate IVM have a good prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of isolated fetal echogenic bowel (FEB) as an indicator for invasive prenatal diagnosis.Methods:This retrospective study enrolled 183 pregnant women who were diagnosed with isolated FEB and underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis in Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from August 2013 to January 2021. Clinical data including the results of conventional karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA loads in amniotic fluid and pregnancy outcomes were reviewed analyzed. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis Results:Karyotyping was performed on all of the 183 fetuses and three (1.64%) aneuploidies (one case of trisomy 21, one trisomy 18 and one 47,XYY syndrome) were detected. One trisomy 21 and four pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) copy number variation (CNV) were detected among 108 fetuses who received CMA. The detection rate of P/LP chromosomal abnormalities by CMA was higher than that by karyotyping, but there was no significant difference between them [4.63% (5/108) vs 0.93% (1/108), χ 2=1.54, P>0.05]. In addition, three cases of variants of uncertain significance (VOUS) were detected by CMA. CMV DNA loads of fetal cells in the amniotic fluid samples of the 166 cases were determined, and only one (0.6%) was positive (CMV DNA up to 7.01×10 6 copies/ml), and no abnormalities were found in karyotype analysis and CMA detection. A total of 176 cases were followed up, and among them only one case of intrauterine infection and seven cases (three aneuploidies and four P/LP CNV) of chromosomal abnormalities were terminated after genetic counseling. Three fetuses with VOUS and other 165 fetuses without chromosomal abnormalities had a good prognosis after birth. Conclusions:Isolated FEB may be the abnormal ultrasound finding in fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities or CMV infection. Prenatal genetic testing and the exclusion of intrauterine infection are important for management during pregnancy and prognosis assessment of FEB.

Objective To study the effect of Jiedu-xiaozheng decoction on theUltrastructure changes and quantitative analysis of SGC-7901 in vitro and its mechanisms. Methods The compound prescription Jiedu-xiaozheng decoction was used to prepare serum containing drug. Serologic pharmacology methods was applied. The decoction was used to co-culture the gastric cells for24 h and 72 h, and the ultrastructure of tumor cells was observed by the transmission electron microscope. Then the parameters of the nucleus and mitochrondria were determined in SGC-7901 cells, including volume density(Vv) ,form factor PE( PE), average volume(V) ,length(L) average surrace area(S),contrasting to cytoplasma. The SIS powervision was applied to analyze their difference. Results Jiedu-xiaozheng decotion can result in reduced microvilli, deflated volume, decreased mitochondrion volume and reduced ridge. The volume density(Vv) ,form factor PE(PE) ,average volume(v) ,length (L) average surrace area(S) reduced in the 24 h group clearly in Jiedu-xiaozheng decoction group compared to control group. Conclusion Jiedu-xiaozheng decoction can significantly induce SGC-7901 cells apoptosis, exhibiting certain early ultrastructure changes such as marginated heterochromatin and mitochondrion pyknosis. The quantity analysis by electronic imaging system may objectively reveal the ultrastructural changes of cell nucleus and mitochondria.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture-moxibustion on symptoms,signs,and Th1/Th2 cytokine,and regulation on Th1/Th2 in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis(PAR) to provide experimental basis for acupuncture treating allergic rhinitis and investigate the mechanism.Methods:Thirty patients with allergic rhinitis were treated with acupuncture-moxibustion,and 30 healthy cases were the control.Clinical symptoms,signs,and nasal mucosa were observed,and contents of IL-4,IFN-γ,and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the supernatant of peripheral blood monocyte cultured with PHA by ELISA,before treatment,after one course of treatment,and after two courses of treatment.Results:Before the treatment,the contents of IL-4,and GM-CSF were higher (P＜0.01) and IFN-γ was lower (P＜0.01) in the PAR cases than in the control cases.In the PAR cases,the content of GM-CSF was positive correlation with that of IL-4 (P＜0.01),and negative correlation with IFN-γ (P＜0.01).After the treatment,contents of IL-4 and GM-CSF were lowed (P＜0.01),content of IFN-γ was increased (P＜0.05),and all IL-4,GM-CSF and IFN-γ had no difference compared with those in the control cases.Conclusion:Acupuncture moxibustion could improve the symptoms and signs in PAR patients,enhance the immune function.It may be achieved by regulating the expression of Th1 and Th2,correcting the imbalance of Th1/Th2.

OBJECTIVETo observe the angiogenesis promoting effects of clinical common used Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) for activating blood circulation to remove stasis on chick embryo chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM).

METHODSChicken CAM model was established and mice blood serum containing different kinds of medicines, including Radix Peaoniae rubra, Radix Angelicae sinensis, Flos Carthami, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, Astragalus membranaceus, and their complex prescriptions, Danggui Buxue Decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction, Xiongshao Capsule, was applied on it respectively to observe the condition of angiogenesis 72 hrs after incubation. Besides, the normal saline group, blank serum group, blank group and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group were set up for control.

RESULTSAll the CHM applied and bFGF had the CAM angiogenetic promoting effect, among them, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and the three complex prescriptions showed better effects than the three negative control groups in capillary formation and count, with the efficacy similar to that of bFGF. The effect of complex prescriptions was superior to that of single herb except Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae.

CONCLUSIONRadix Salviae miltiorrhizae, Danggui Buxue Decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and Xiongshao Capsule have good angiogenesis promoting effect on CAM. This study elucidated, from a certain aspect, the mechanism of action of CHM on ischemic diseases, and unfolded the scientific evidence of applying complex prescription.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Chorion ; blood supply ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Objective: To explore the TCM pathogenic characteristic of hyperuricemia and its relation with renal function,Methods: Hyperuricemia rat models were established by the adenine and ethambutol.The models were treated with Simiaosan,Erchentang,Xuefuzhuyutang respectively.The indexes such as uric acid(UA),Crea(Cr),urea nitrogen(BUN)and xanthinoxidase(XOD) were detected.Results: ①Compared with normal group,the UA of and XOD in model group increased obviously(P

Objective:To observe the effect of different concentration of Qianggubao decoction extract on proliferation of osteoblastic cells cultured by high glucose in vitro. Methods: osteoblastic cells was isolated from the skull of 1-2 day newly born SD rats by means of Trypsin-collagenase digestion and identified by image analysis,V-G collagen staining,ALP staining, calcification nod staining etc. Different concentrations of Qianggubao decoction extract were added to the osteoblastic cells cultured by high glucose in vitro(final concentration:300mg/dl)and incubuted.The effects of Qianggubao decoction extract on the proliferation of osteoblasts was monitored by MTT analysis. Results:Qianggubao extract of 100, 50, 10?g/ml all promoted for osteoblastic cell proliferation, the 100?g/ml and 50?g/ml had the better effects (P

OBJECTIVE: We used the SD rat's bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro to observe the effects of Bugu Mixture on the apoptosis and to explore the molecular biologic mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture. METHODS: BMSCs were separated from the bones of the extremities of SD rats in vitro. The morphologic changes, the apoptosis cell cycles, the mitochondrion membrane potential changes, and the Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were observed, and the effects of Bugu Mixture on the course of cell apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS: The earlier use of Bugu Mixture could decrease the cells blocked in G0/G1 phase, and promote their synthesis of DNA in S phase. The expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induced group, and the expression of Bax was lower in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. The mitochondrion membrane potential descended significantly in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture is that the earlier use of Bugu Mixture can decrease the amount of apoptostic cells induced by ATRA, thus promoting the cell mitosis and restraining the apoptosis. It can also act as a protector to Bcl-2 located on the mitochondrion membrane. By preventing the transferring of the Bax protein from cell-plasma to mitochondrion membrane, it takes the advantage of Bcl-2 in forming Bcl-2/Bax homodimer so as to prevent the opening of the permeability transition pore to avoid the changing of mitochondrion membrane potential and the destruction of biosynthesis caused by the mitochondrion release of apoptosis inducing factors and to reach the objective of restraining apoptosis.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between cytokine level and nitric oxide (NO) content in aqueous humor after intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: All New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into three groups: (1) control group, (2) extracapsular cataract extraction group (ECCE), (3) extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation group (ECCE+IOL). The inflammation of all experimental rabbit eyes, including cornea edema and anterior chamber exudation were observed via zoom-photo slitlamp microscope 1,3,7,14,30 d postoperation. Meanwhile, aqueous humor was drawn for white blood cell (WBC) counting and classifying, and for NO-2／NO-3 and cytokine assay, including interleukin-2(IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). Statistics were taken by SPSS softwear. RESULTS: (1) Total WBC in aqueous humor were higher and anterior chamber exudation were more severe in ECCE+IOL group than that in ECCE group and control group. (2) The level of IL-2 and TNF-α and the content of NO-2／NO-3 in aqueous humor of ECCE+IOL group were higher than that in ECCE group and control group 1-14 d postoperation respectively, and it increased to peak value at 3-7 d postoperation and decreased gradually after two weeks postoperation. (3) The change regularity of IL-2, TNF-α and NO-2／NO-3 in each group were basically similar, i.e. when the level of cytokine (IL-2 and TNF-α) was normal, the content of NO-2／NO-3 was normal too, when the level of cytokine (IL-2 and TNF-α) increased, the content of NO-2／NO-3 increased too. CONCLUSION: The intraocular inflammation after ECCE+IOL was more severe than that after simple ECCE. NO, IL-2 and TNF-α play an important role in intraocular inflammation after intraocular lens implantation. The changes of IL-2 and TNF-α level was closely related with NO content in aqueous humor.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the level of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and nitric oxide (NO) in aqueous humor after intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into three groups: (1)control group; (2)extracapsular cataract extraction group (ECCE); (3)extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation group (ECCE+IOL). The inflammation in all experimental rabbit eyes was observed via zoom-photo slit-lamp microscope on 1, 3, 7, 14 d and 30 d postoperation. Meanwhile, aqueous humor was drawn for white blood cell(WBC) counting and classifying , and for determining IL-2, TNF-? and NO 2 -/NO 3 - contents.RESULTS: (1)The level of IL-2 and TNF-? and NO 2 - / NO 3 - in aqueous humor of ECCE+IOL group were higher than that in ECCE and control at 1 to 14 days postoperation, respectively, it increased to peak value at 3 to 7 days postoperation and decreased gradually two weeks postoperation; (2) The changes in IL-2, TNF-? and NO 2 -/NO 3 - in each group were basically similer; (3) The changes of IL-2 and TNF-? level were closely related with NO content in aqueous humor( r=0.69, P