Objective To investigate the assessment of fetal lung maturity using main pulmonary artery accelerated systolic time(AT)/ejection time(ET)ratio in patients with severe preeclampsia.Methods A total of 65 pregnant women who were hospitalized in our hos-pital due to severe preeclampsia,from January 2021 to December 2022,and voluntarily underwent ultrasound examination were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into early-onset(20 to 33+6 weeks gestation)severe preeclampsia group(group A,n= 30)and late-onset(34 to 40 weeks)severe preeclampsia group(group B,n= 35).Healthy pregnant women with gestational age-matched to groups A and B via ultrasound examination were selected as controls(n= 30 andn= 35,respectively).Fetal main pulmonary artery blood flow parameters were measured using ultrasound Doppler:AT,ET,AT/ET,and peak systolic flow rate(PSV).Amniotic fluid(approximately 15 mL)was collected immediately after delivery,and the lecithin/sphingomyelin(L/S)values were measured.The blood flow parameters of the main pulmonary artery of the fetuses in groups A and B were compared,and whether there was any difference between them and the control group was analyzed.The correlation between the blood flow parameters and amniotic fluid L/S was also analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in AT,ET,AT/ET,and PSV in the fetal main pulmonary artery between groups A and group B(P＜0.05),and all of them were smaller than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The AT/ET ratio of the fetal main pulmonary artery in groups A and B was positively correlated with amniotic fluid L/S(r= 0.821 and 0.383,respectively,P＜0.05).Receiver operating charac-teristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of AT/ET in the diagnosis of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia was 0.839 and 0.833,respectively,and the sensitivity was 0.853 and 0.912,the specificity was 0.583 and 0.611,and the cut-off values were 0.185 and 0.255,respectively.The false positive rate was 5%.Conclusion The AT/ET value of the fetal main pulmonary artery can be used to make a preliminary diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and quantitatively assess fetal lung maturity,which can provide a new,simple,non-invasive,and reproducible assessment method for clinical practice.

With the rapid development of the nuclear industry, the uranium-exposed population is rapidly expanding. Kidney injury is a major health concern for uranium-exposed population because uranium is initially retained in the kidneys and induces chemical toxicity. However, the commonly used clinical markers of kidney injury usually show significant changes in the late stages of such damage, making it difficult to monitor the occupational health of uranium-exposed population. In recent years, a number of biomarkers that can reflect early kidney injury caused by uranium have been identified and investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and protein blotting. This article will review the studies in this area, with the aim of providing a basis for the diagnosis and understanding the development and prognosis of uranium-induced kidney injury.