italic>Lamiophlomis rotata is an important medicinal plant species endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, which is prone to strong climate change impacts on its habitable range due to the high sensitivity of the Tibetan Plateau to climate change. Accurate quantification of species vulnerability to climate change is essential for assessing species extinction risk and developing effective conservation strategies. Therefore, we carried out the α-shape analysis to determine the habitat of L. rotata. We then carried out the climate-niche factor analysis (CNFA) to assess the vulnerability of L. rotata to climate change based on five climate variables (i.e., mean diurnal range, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of warmest quarter, precipitation of driest month and precipitation of warmest quarter) in the context of two shared socioeconomic pathways (i.e., SSP126 and SSP585) and three global climate models (CMCC-ESM2: Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici-Earth System Model version 2; HadGEM3-GC31-LL: Hadley Global Environment Model version 3-Global Coupled configuration 3.1; IPSL-CM6A-LR: Institut Pierre Simon Laplace-Climate Model version 6) during two different periods (2041-2060 and 2081-2100). The vulnerability of L. rotata to climate change was calculated by integrating the sensitivity and exposure indices of L. rotata to five climate variables. The results showed that L. rotata had the highest vulnerability to the precipitation of warmest quarter. Its vulnerability within its habitat range generally showed a spatial pattern of high value in the southern region and low in the northern region, high in the western region and low in the eastern region. In general, the vulnerability of L. rotata under the SSP585 scenario was higher than that under the SSP126 scenario. The climate data of different global climate models have some influence on the results, while the resulted uncertainty can be reduced by data integration methods. As a result of climate change, the pressure on the survival of L. rotata in the future will be intensified in the low-altitude areas such as the Yarlung Zangbo River, Yigongzangbu River, Zayu River, and Jiaomuzu River, etc., while the highly weathered scree flats or stony alpine meadows in the high-altitude zones, such as the eastern Tanggula Mountain Range, the northern part of Hengduan Mountain Range, and the western part of the Qinling Mountains, may become its refuge. It is necessary to focus on and strengthen the protection and management of L. rotata resources in these vulnerble and critical areas.

Objective:To study the serological characteristics of ABO*A2.08 subtype and explore its genetic molecular mechanism.Methods:ABO blood group identification was performed on proband and her family members by routine serological methods.ABO genotyping and sequence analysis were performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP),and direct sequencing of PCR products from exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene were directly sequenced and analyzed.The effect of gene mutation in A2.08 subtype on structural stability of GTA protein was investigated by homologous protein conserved analysis,3D molecular modeling and protein stability prediction.Results:The proband's serological test results showed subtype Ax,and ABO genotyping confirmed that the proband's genotype was ABO*A207/08.Gene sequencing of the proband's father confirmed the characteristic variation of c.539G＞C in the 7th exon of ABO gene,leading to the replacement of polypeptide chain p.Arg180Pro(R180P).3D protein molecular modeling and analysis suggested that the number of hydrogen bonds of local amino acids in the protein structure was changed after the mutation,and protein stability prediction showed that the mutation had a great influence on the protein structure stability.Conclusion:The mutation of the 7th exon c.539G＞C of ABO gene leads to the substitution of polypeptide chain amino acid,which affects the structural stability of GTA protein and leads to the change of enzyme activity,resulting in the A2.08 phenotype.The mutated gene can be stably inherited.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of antibody-specific distribution, laboratory detection results of hemolytic disease of the fetus and neonatal(HDFN) caused by irregular blood group antibodies other than ABO, and its correlation with the clinical situation. METHODS: The non-ABO-HDFN cases in our hospital from October 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects, and the cases diagnosed with ABO-HDFN in the same period were randomly selected as the control group, and the data of antibody specific distribution, total bilirubin, direct antibodies, maternal history, age of the children, the presence or absence of combined ABO-HDFN, and whether to exchange/transfuse blood were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of non-ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi province were analyzed. RESULTS: The detection rate of non-ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi province increased. Among 187 non ABO-HDFN cases, the highest percentage of Rh-HDFN was detected (94.6%). Compared with the control group of ABO-HDFN, the non-ABO-HDFN had higher mean integral value of direct antibody, higher peak total bilirubin, and longer duration. Anti-M-HDFN may have severe disease but the direct antibody weak positive/negative, it was easy missed in clinical and delayed the treatment. There is no correlation between the specificity of irregular antibodies, the sex of the child, the mother's previous childbirth history, the presence or absence of combined ABO-HDFN and the need for blood exchange/transfusion(P>0.05). CONCLUSION The irregular antibodies of causing non ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi area are mainly Rh blood group system, followed by MNS blood group system. Understanding the characteristics of HDFN disease, serological features and the correlation with clinical indexes will help to detect and treat non ABO-HDFN in time and reduce the risk of complications.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; ABO Blood-Group System ; Blood Group Antigens ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; Fetus ; Hematologic Diseases/complications* ; Hemolysis ; Isoantibodies ; Retrospective Studies

The modernization and development of traditional Chinese medicine has led to higher standards for the quality of traditional Chinese medicine products. The extraction process is a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine production, and it directly impacts the final quality of the product. However, the currently relied upon methods for quality assurance of the extraction process, such as simple wet chemical analysis, have several limitations, including time consumption and labor intensity, and do not offer precise control of the extraction process. As a result, there is significant value in incorporating near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the production process of traditional Chinese medicine to improve the quality control of the final products. In this study, we focused on the extraction process of Xiao'er Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid (XXZOL), using near-infrared spectra collected by both a Fourier transform near-infrared spectrometer and a portable near-infrared spectrometer. We used the concentration of synephrine, a quality control index component specified by the pharmacopoeia, to achieve rapid and accurate detection in the extraction process. Moreover, we developed a model transfer method to facilitate the transfer of models between the two types of near-infrared spectrometers (analytical grade and portable), thus resolving the low resolution, poor performance, and insufficient prediction accuracy issues of portable instruments. Our findings enable the rapid screening and quality analysis of XXZOL onsite, which is significant for quality monitoring during the traditional Chinese medicine production process.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Zishen Yutai Pills (ZYPs) on the quality of oocytes and embryos, as well as pregnancy outcomes in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) receiving in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The possible mechanisms, involving the regulation of bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 120 patients with DOR who underwent their IVF-ET cycle were randomly allocated to 2 groups in a 1:1 ratio. The patients in the treatment group (60 cases) received ZYPs from the mid-luteal phase of the former menstrual cycle by using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. The patients in the control group (60 cases) received the same protocol but without ZYPs. The primary outcomes were the number of oocytes retrieved and high-quality embryos. Secondary outcomes included other oocyte or embryo indices as well as pregnancy outcomes. Adverse events were assessed by comparison of the incidence of ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy complications, pregnancy loss, and preterm birth. Contents of BMP15 and GDF9 in the follicle fluids (FF) were also quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the numbers of oocytes retrieved and high-quality embryos were significantly increased in the ZYPs group (both P<0.05). After treatment with ZYPs, a significant regulation of serum sex hormones was observed, including progesterone and estradiol. Both hormones were up-regulated compared with the control group (P=0.014 and 0.008), respectively. No significant differences were observed with regard to pregnancy outcomes including implantation rates, biochemical pregnancy rates, clinical pregnancy rates, live birth rates, and pregnancy loss rates (all P>0.05). The administration of ZYPs did not increase the incidence of adverse events. The expressions of BMP15 and GDF9 in the ZYPs group were significantly up-regulated compared with the control group (both P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ZYPs exhibited beneficial effects in DOR patients undergoing IVF-ET, resulting in increments of oocytes and embryos, and up-regulation of BMP15 and GDF9 expressions in the FF. However, the effects of ZYPs on pregnancy outcomes should be assessed in clinical trials with larger sample sizes (Trial reqistration No. ChiCTR2100048441).
Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Fertilization in Vitro/methods* ; Ovarian Reserve ; Prospective Studies ; Premature Birth ; Embryo Transfer/methods* ; Ovulation Induction/methods* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ABO gene α-1,3-D galactosyl transferase mutation on B antigen expression and its molecular mechanism. METHODS: The proband and their family members were identified by routine serological methods, and ABO genotyping and sequence analysis were performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specificity (PCR-SSP) and direct sequencing of PCR products from exon 1-7 of ABO gene. The 3D structural simulation of mutant proteins was performed by bioinformatics software. The effect of gene mutation on protein structural stability was analyzed. RESULTS: The proband and his family members were subtype B. ABO genotyping indicated that the proband's genotype was Bw12/O. Gene sequencing results confirmed the presence of ABO*BW.12 characteristic variation c.278C>T in the 6th exon of allele B, leading to the replacement of polypeptide chain p.Pro93Leu. The 3D structure simulation analysis of the protein showed that the hydrogen bonds and water molecules connected to the protein changed after amino acid substitution. The family investigation found that the grandfather, father, uncle and brother of the proband all carried the same ABO*BW.12 allele. CONCLUSION The mutation of the 6th exon c.278C>T of ABO gene led to the substitution of polypeptide chain amino acids, which affected the stability of α-1,3-D galactosyl transferase protein, resulting in the change of enzyme activity, and the Bw.12 phenotype, which can be stably inherited.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Amino Acids/genetics* ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Exons ; Genotype ; Male ; Mutant Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Water

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular biology of D variant blood group with RHD*95A genotype and the genetic mechanism of its generation. METHODS: A total of 6 samples from 3 generations of a family were analyzed. RHD blood group was identified by saline test tube and microcolumn gel card method. 10 exons of RHD gene were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primer (PCR-SSP) and analyzed by direct sequencing. Homology modeling was used to compare the structural differences between mutant RHD protein and wild-type RHD protein. RESULTS: The proband was identified as D variant by serological identification, RHD gene sequencing directly detected a c. 95 c > A mutation in exon 1 that leads to encoding the 32-bit amino acids by threonine Thr (T) into aspartic acid Asn (N), the rest of the exon sequences were normal compared with the normal RHD*01 gene. In the family, the proband's father, grandmather and uncle were all carried the same RHD*95A allele. Protein modeling results suggested that the hydrogen chain connected to the 32nd amino acid residue was changed after p.T32N mutation, which affected the structural stability of RHD protein. CONCLUSION The first genetic lineage of the RHD*95A gene was identified in a Chinese population. The c.95C>A mutation in RHD gene was found in the family, which resulted in reduced expression of RHD antigen and showed D variant, the mutation could be stably inheritable. Gene identification and protein structure analysis of D variant population is helpful to explore the molecular mechanism of its formation and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.
Humans ; Blood Group Antigens

OBJECTIVE Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) are immune checkpoints which can be induced by interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in the tumor microenvironment, leading to immune escape of tumors. Myricetin (MY) is a flavonoid distributed in many edible and medicinal plants. The aim of this study is to clarify the effect and the mechanism of MY on inhibiting IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 and IDO1 in lung cancer cells. METHODS Expressions of PD-L1 and major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) were evaluated by flow cytometry and Western blotting, and the expression of IDO1 was measured by Western blotting. qRT-PCR was used to detect their mRNA levels. The function of T cells was evaluated using a co-culture system consist of lung cancer cells and the Jurkat-PD-1 T cell line that overexpressing PD-1. Molecular docking analysis, Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used for mechanism study. RESULTS MY potently inhibited IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 and IDO1 expression in human lung cancer cells, while didn't show obvious effect on the expression of MHC-I. In addition, MY restored the survival, proliferation, CD69 expression and interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion of Jurkat-PD-1 T cells suppressed by IFN-γ-treated lung cancer cells in the co-culture system. Mechanistically, IFN-γ up-regulated PD-L1 and IDO1 at the transcriptional level through the JAK-STAT-IRF1 axis, which was targeted and inhibited by MY. CONCLUSION Our research revealed a new insight into the anti-tumor effects of MY which inhibited IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 and IDO1 expression, supporting the potential of MY in anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Asians ; Biological Assay ; Breast Neoplasms/surgery* ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy

Breast Neoplasms/surgery* ; China ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical