Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective To explore the severity of loneliness among the elderly in communities in Shanghai,and to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness respectively.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in older adults aged 65 years or above in Pudong New Area,Jing'an District and Huangpu District in Shanghai from Mar to Jun 2021.In Pudong New Area,multi-stage stratified random sampling was conducted based on the age and gender distribution of Shanghai,while in Huangpu District and Jing'an District convenience sampling was conducted.A total of 635 samples were included in the study.Loneliness was assessed using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale with social and emotional loneliness subscales.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness.Results Among the 635 participants,only 53 older adults(8.4%)were not lonely.Female(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.31-0.70),higher self-efficacy(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94-1.00),more objective social support(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe social loneliness.Meanwhile,higher level of education(secondary education,OR=0.56,95%CI:0.34-0.95;college or above,OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11-0.83)and higher self-efficacy(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe emotional loneliness,while depression(OR=3.41,95%CI:1.76-6.60)and worse social capital(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.29-3.16)were associated with more severe emotional loneliness.Conclusion Up to 91.6%of the elderly in our study sample were moderately lonely or above.The factors associated with social loneliness include self-efficacy,gender and social support.The factors associated with emotional loneliness are self-efficacy,education level,depression,and social capital.

Objective:To determine the accuracy and clinical application of donor HLA quartile genotyping based upon transplanted kidney biopsy.Methods:The clinical and follow-up data are retrospectively reviewed for 38 recipients of kidney transplantation(KT)at First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2019 to 2022.They are suspected of rejection.HLA quartile genotyping of donor kidney is performed through puncture and DNA analysis by LABType SSO method.Known HLA genotypes of recipients are compared for predicting HLA genotypes of donors.Donor-specific antibody(DSA)is detected by Labscreen Single kit.And SPSS18.0 statistical software is employed for processing baseline data, donor/recipient HLA typing data, recipient DSA antibody data and transplant nephropathy parameters.Results:Among them, 12(31.58%)belonged to HLA-A, B, C, DR and DQ.Four loci are detected in 14 cases(36.84%). Three sites are detected in 10 cases(26.32%). Two sites are detected in 2 cases(5.26%)and a negative correlation exists between detected sites and transplantation time( rs=-0.707, P=0.001). The detection rate of HLA loci is 78.94%(30 cases). B: 65.78%(25 cases); C: 84.21%(32 cases); DR: 57.89%(22 cases); DQ: 100% (38 cases); HLA sites detected in puncture tissue are 89.47% consistent with the results of donor whole blood test, among which HLA-C and HLA-DQ sites are 100% consistent and HLA-A and HLA-B sites 87.50% and 90% consistent and HLA-DR sites 66.7% consistent( P<0.01). Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated that pathological diagnosis of interstitial inflammation( rs=-0.432, P=0.017), renal tubule atrophy( rs=-0.587, P=0.001)and interstitial fibrosis( rs=-0.560, P=0.001)are correlated negatively with HLA detected sites in transplanted kidney puncture tissue.DSA is detected in 42.1% of recipients and 68.75% of recipients belonged to HLA-DQ. Conclusions:HLA typing results of puncture tissue are consistent with those of whole blood test.Time after transplantation, infiltration of transplanted nephritis cells and degree of fibrosis may influence the detection of HLA loci.Donor HLA quartile genotyping using transplanted kidney biopsy has some diagnostic values for detecting the presence of DSA.

Purpose: Reports showed that some of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) may also gain survival benefit undergone resection. However, the effect of the extent of LNM on prognosis and surgical indication is barely discussed. Methods: From September 1994 to November 2018, primary ICC patients undergone initial curable surgery were enrolled. Based on the extent of LNM, we divided these patients into 4 groups, including patients with no LNM (group N0), LNM to hepatoduodenal ligament or common hepatic artery (region A, group A), LNM to gastrohepatic lymph nodes for left liver ICC and periduodenal and peripancreatic lymph node for right liver ICC (region B, group B), or LNM beyond these regions (region C, group C). Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors for recurrencefree survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in all groups. Results: A total of 133 patients were enrolled. There were 56, 21, 17, and 39 patients in groups N0, A, B, and C, respectively. There was significant difference between groups N0 and C in RFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P = 0.002). When we compared group N0 + A + B with group C, we also found that RFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P = 0.007) were significantly different. In multivariable analysis, the extent of LNM was an independent risk factor for RFS (P < 0.050). Conclusion ICC patients with the LNM to regions A and B could still achieve good prognosis with resection. Surgery should be carefully considered when LNM to region C.

Objective To investigate the food preferences and explore the potential association between dietary knowledge and food preferences in residents aged 18 and over in China,so as to provide a basis for promoting healthy diets.Methods The latent class analysis was carried out with the 2015 cross-sectional data of China health and nutrition survey to categorize the food preferences among 8 783 residents aged 18 and over.Multinomial Logistic regression was adopted to assess the association between and dietary knowledge and food preferences.Results The food preferences of the residents aged 18 and over in China were classified into preference for less vegetable(3.28%),lack of preference(11.20%),diverse preferences(4.19%),and preference for healthy diets(81.33%).The proportion of the adults with dietary knowledge was 36.87%(3 238/8 783).The dietary knowledge varied in the adults with different food preferences(all P<0.001).After adjusting for gender,age,urban and rural distribution,education background,and annual household income,for each point increase in the dietary knowledge score,there was an estimated reduction of 22% in the probability of preferring less vegetables(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.76-0.80, P<0.001),13% in the probability of lacking preference(OR=0.87,95%CI=0.86-0.89, P<0.001),and 3% in the probability of having diverse preferences(OR=0.97,95%CI=0.94-1.00, P=0.030).Compared with those lacking dietary knowledge,the individuals with dietary knowledge had a 77% less probability of preferring less vegetables(OR=0.23,95%CI=0.16-0.32, P<0.001),a 55% less probability of lacking preference(OR=0.45,95%CI=0.39-0.53, P<0.001),and a 23% less probability of having diverse preferences(OR=0.77,95%CI=0.61-0.96, P=0.023).Conclusions The residents aged 18 and over in China presented four food preferences,including preference for less vegetables,lack of preference,diverse preferences,and preference for healthy diets,the last of which had the highest proportion.The individuals with lower levels of dietary knowledge have higher probability of preferring unhealthy food.
Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Food Preferences ; Latent Class Analysis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Nutrition Surveys ; China

Objective To compare the consistency of quantitative ultrasound(QUS)and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)in measuring bone mineral density(BMD)of adults aged 18-40 years in Guangzhou and evaluate the diagnostic value of QUS for identifying low bone mass.Methods DXA was employed to measure the BMD and QUS to measure the speed of sound(SOS)in 731 participants.The Bland-Altman analysis was performed to evaluate the consistency of Z scores between SOS and BMD.With the BMD Z ≤-2.00 as the diagnostic criterion for low bone mass,the receiver operating characteristics curve of QUS was established,and the area under the curve(AUC)and the sensitivity,specificity,and correct diagnostic index for the optimal cut-off of SOS Z score were calculated.Results The results of Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean differences in the Z scores of SOS and BMD in males and females were 1.27(-0.94 to 3.47)and 0.93(-1.33 to 3.18),respectively.The AUC of SOS Z score in the diagnosis of low bone mass in males and females was 0.734(95%CI=0.380-0.788)and 0.679(95%CI=0.625-0.732),respectively.In males,the optimal cut-off of SOS Z score for low bone mass was -0.35,with the sensitivity,specificity,and correct diagnostic index of 64.1%,68.6%,and 0.327,respectively.In females,the optimal cut-off value of SOS Z scores for low bone mass was -1.14,with the sensitivity,specificity,and correct index of 73.9%,54.8%,and 0.285,respectively.Conclusion QUS and DXA show poor consistency in the diagnosis of BMD in the adults aged 18-40 years in Guangzhou,while QUS demonstrates an acceptable value in identifying low bone mass.
Male ; Female ; Adult ; Humans ; Absorptiometry, Photon/methods* ; Bone Density ; Ultrasonography ; Bone and Bones ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers have been in great fear due to the high risk of contracting COVID-19 infection at any time. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of resilience on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and burnout in primary care healthcare providers in Malaysia. Methods: This was an online cross-sectional study involving 1280 healthcare providers aged 18 years and older from 30 government primary care clinics in Malaysia. We used the COVID-19 Fear Scale, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Scale, and the Short Brief Resilience Scale to collect data from the respondents. Smart-PLS was used to perform mediation analysis. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 36 years old and mean duration of working experience was 11 years. The majority of the respondents were female (82.4%) and Malays (82.3%). The study population consisted of nurses (47.4%), doctors (26%), medical assistants (11.9), healthcare assistant (7.1%), medical laboratory technicians (6.4%) and drivers(1.3).The results show that fear of COVID-19 positively predicts burnout. According to the results, resilience mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and all the three burnout domains, namely personal burnout (β=0.175,p<0.001), work-related burnout (β=0.175,p<0.001) and client-related burnout (β=0.172,p<0.001). Additionally, resilience reduces the impact of COVID-19 fear on the three domains of burnout. Conclusion: Our study has reported a mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and burnout.

Nine compounds were isolated from the crude extract of the solid culture of endophyte Trichoderma atroviride B7 of Colquhounia coccinea var. mollis by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and HPLC. They were identified as atroviridanol (1), 3-oxo-3-[(2-phenylethyl) amino]-propanoic acid (2), N-(2′-phenylethyl)-acetamide (3), neoechinulin A (4), echinulin (5), gancidin W (6), N-isobutyl-3-methylbutanamide (7), 5-acetamido-1-pentanol (8), and N-2-methylpropyl-2-methylbutenamide (9) by NMR, HR-MS, and so on. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 2-9 are firstly isolated from Trichoderma spp.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been proved to be a metabolic disease with high

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Biejiajian Wan on liver fibrosis by regulating the polarization of macrophages. MethodRaw264.7 cells were cultured in vitro by serum pharmacological method， and the hypoxia model of RAW264.7 cells was established by stimulating RAW264.7 cells with cobalt chloride （CoCl₂）. The cells were randomly divided into blank group， CoCl₂ hypoxia model group （200 mmol·L^-1）， Biejiajian Wan low-dose group （200 mmol·L^-1+0.55 g·kg^-1 Fuzheng Quyu capsules）， medium-dose group （200 mmol·L^-1+1.1 g·kg^-1 Biejiajian Wan）， and high-dose group （200 mmol·L^-1+2.2 g·kg^-1 Biejiajian Wan） and Fuzheng Quyu capsule group （200 mmol·L^-1+0.56 g·kg^-1 Biejiajian Wan）. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）， and the gene expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in macrophages was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The expression of macrophage polarization-related protein and HIF-1α/nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway-related protein was tested by Western blot， and the distribution and expression of NF-κB signaling pathway-related protein and HIF-1α were determined by cell immunofluorescence. ResultCompared with the conditions in the blank group， the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells was inhibited after CoCl₂ stimulation for 24 hours （P<0.05）， the mRNA expression of HIF-1α， IL-1β and IL-6 in the model group were increased （P<0.05）， the protein expression of HIF-1α and M1 macrophage phenotypic proteins IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） was boosted while that of M2 macrophage phenotypic protein interleukin-10 （IL-10） was reduced （P<0.05）， the protein expression of NF-κB p65， phosphorylation （p）-NF-κB p65， phosphorylated NF-κB inhibits protein kinase α/β （p-IKKα/β） and phosphorylated NF-κB inhibits protein α (p-IκBα） was elevated （P<0.05）， the nuclear expression of HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 was promoted. Compared with the conditions in the model group， after 24 hours of treatment with corresponding drug-containing serum， each treatment group promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells （P<0.05）， the mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α， IL-1β and IL-6 in macrophages were reduced （P<0.05）， the protein expression of HIF-1α， IL-6 and TNF-α was decreased， while that of CD163 and IL-10 was increased （P<0.05）， the protein expression of NF-κB p65， p-NF-κB p65， p-IKKα/β and p-IκBα was lowered （P<0.05）， the nuclear expression of HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 was inhibited. ConclusionBiejiajian Wan could modulate the polarization of macrophages， attenuate the injury of macrophage-associated inflammatory response under hypoxia， and thus delay the progression of liver fibrosis， which might be related to its regulation of HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling pathway.