To summarize Professor GAO Shuzhong's clinical experience in treating idiopathic tinnitus with a combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica. It is believed that idiopathic tinnitus is mostly caused by weak lungs and spleen， kidney essence deficiency， liver constraint transforming into fire， and binding constraint of heart qi. Treatment advocates the combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica in clinical practice. Acupuncture treatment mainly focus on the method of opening the orifices by syndrome identification in combination with Ermen （TE 21）， Tinggong （SI 19）， Tinghui （GB 2）， Shenmai （BL 62） to regulate qi and blood， and supporting with Baihui （GV 20）， Yintang （EX-HN 3）， Taichong （LR 3）， and Yanglingquan （GB 34） to soothe the liver， resolve constraint， and calm the mind. Oral administration of Chinese medicinal prescription usually includes modified Yiqi Congming Decoction （益气聪明汤） and Tongqi Powder （通气散）， and the external administration of Chinese medicinal prescription can apply self-prescribed Wenqing Powder （温清散） to navel moxibustion.

Objective: To understand the current situation of school based sexuality education, attitudes and evaluations of teachers and students toward sexuality education, so as to provide evidence for promoting the development of school based sexuality education. Methods: From September to October 2021, 2 140 valid data from students in basic education and 2 146 from kindergarten and primary and secondary school teachers were collected by online questionnaire. The data were described and statistically analyzed, and the influencing factors of teachers willingness to teach sexuality education courses were explored by logistic regression analysis. Results: About 52.06% of the students had not received sexuality education in school, and 47.53% of the teachers did not carry out sexuality education in the school. Sexuality education in schools mainly focuses on reproductive health and physical development. About 48.93% of the teachers thought that the implementation of sexuality education in schools was not good, and the proportion of high school students who thought sexuality education in schools were "very bad" (32.87%) or "not very good" ( 21.23 %) was the highest. The teachers who undertook sexuality education were mainly mental health teachers (55.51% reported by teachers, 43.96% reported by students). About 71.02% of teachers believe that the best way to carry out sexuality education classes was to set up sexuality education curriculum. Students and teachers reported the need for sexuality education, and more than 50% of primary school students and high school students thought that sexuality education were "very needed" and "somewhat needed". About 51.77 % of teachers considered sexuality education "very urgent". All increased recognition of sexuality education, confidence in answering sex questions, external support for sexuality education, and acceptance of sexuality education training increased the likelihood of teachers teaching sexuality education ( OR =1.02, 1.95, 1.03, 3.53, P <0.05). Conclusion The current situation of school based sexuality education is not optimistic, the gap between sexuality education and students needs is wide, and the abilities of sexuality education teachers are insufficient.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic trend of platelet（PLT）count and mean platelet volume（MPV）in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia（SCAP）in PICU and their correlation with prognosis.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in 215 SCAP children who were admitted to the PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2019.According to the disease outcome，the patients were divided into improvement group ( n=184) and unrecovered group ( n=31).The changes of PLT count and MPV at admission，on the 2nd，3rd，and 7th days of hospitalization and before discharge were observed，and the relationship between changes in PLT parameters and poor prognosis was analyzed. Meanwhile，the correlation between thrombocytopenia on admission and on the 7th day of hospitalization and prognosis was further explored. Results:The PLT count of improvement group at admission，on the 2nd，3rd，and 7th days of hospitalization and at discharge[(328±159, 329±137, 362±159, 439±168, 510±171)×10 9/L] were significantly higher than those of unrecovered group [(210±142, 207±152, 267±143, 260±162, 343±159)×10 9/L]（ P＜0.05）.Although the MPV of improvement group [(10.9±1.9)fL] on admission was significantly lower than that of the unrecovered group[(12.7±2.5) fL]（ P＜0.05），there was no significant difference in MPV between two groups on the 2nd，3rd，7th days of hospitalization and discharge（ P＞0.05）.In addition，compared with the admission，children in improvement group had significantly higher PLT count on the 7th day of hospitalization and before discharge（ P＜0.05），but there was no significant change in unrecovered group（ P＞0.05）.Compared with SCAP patients with thrombocytopenia at admission (PLT＜100×10 9/L)( n=22),those with thrombocytopenia on 7th day of hospitalization had a significant higher rate of non recovery( P＜0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence of thrombocytopenia on admission and after 7 days of hospitalization in children with SCAP is associated with poor prognosis.No significant increase or decrease in PLT count after 7 days of hospitalization is often indicative of poor prognosis.Dynamic monitoring of PLT parameter changes may help to better judge the prognosis of severe pneumonia.

Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) is a powerful neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, which can relieve muscle spasm or limit gland secretion by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular/glandular junction. In addition, BTX-A can also play a role in the sensory feedback loop, which can ease pain. Currently, dentists are paying more attention to the cosmetic applications of BTX-A in the oral and maxillofacial region, while their understanding of BTX-A′s non-cosmetic applications is still insufficient. Although the specific molecular mechanism of BTX-A in oral diseases has not been fully clarified, with the development of evidence-based medicine, more and more clinical evidence has began to support the effectiveness of BTX-A in the therapeutic applications of oral diseases. This article will briefly review the main molecular mechanisms of BTX-A, the latest clinical research progress of BTX-A at home and abroad in the treatment of oral diseases, clinical contraindications and adverse reactions of BTX-A, providing a new idea for the treatment of oral diseases.

Objective: To explore perceived social support levels of vocational school students and associated factors, so as to provide a basis for the fine tuned construction of social support networks for vocational school students. Methods: Adopting a combination of multi stage cluster sampling and convenience sampling method, a sample of 11 767 vocational school students in Shanghai City and Jiangsu Province were selected to conduct two surveys (November 2021 and November 2022) by using a self administered electronic questionnaire regarding personal, family, school information and the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale (CASSS). Correlates were analyzed by generalized linear estimating equations (GEE). Results: The total perceived social support scores in percentage at baseline and follow up survey were (66.13±20.46) and (67.65±21.18). The results of GEE showed that in terms of personal characteristics, girls had higher emotional support and evaluative support scores than boys ( B=0.60, 0.68, P < 0.05 ); extraversion, non-smoking, non-drinking, exercising ≥1 time per week, and better quality of sleep were positively correlated with the total score and the different types scores of precieved social support, and time spent on the Internet >2 h/d was negatively correlated with the total score and the different types scores of precieved social support ( B=1.03-4.49, -4.04--0.58, P < 0.05 ). In terms of family characteristics, parents not in marriage and living with (external) grandparents were negatively correlated with the total score and different types scores of percieved social support, while family characteristics such as satisfaction with family income (average, satisfactory, very satisfactory) and parents education level of junior high school and above were positively correlated with the total score and the different types scores of precieved social support ( B=-1.34--0.37, 0.57-2.37, P <0.05). In terms of school characteristics, without experience of bullying in school and the number of same sex or opposite sex friends >1 were positively correlated with the total score and different types scores of perceptual social support, and without serving as an officer of a student organization was negatively correlated with the total score and the different types scores of precieved social support ( B= 1.21- 5.04, -2.00--0.76, P <0.05). Conclusions The levels of overall and different types of precieved social support among vocational school students need to be improved. According to individual, family, and school related factors of precieved social support can help to target the improvement of students precieved social support level.

Objective: To develop an assessment tool for risky road behavior tendencies among middle school students in western China, as well as to determine the relevant indices and their weights, so as to provide the reference for road safety prevention and control for middle school students in western China. Methods: A Delphi study was employed to construct the assessment tool for risky road behavior tendencies among middle school students in western China. In August 2023, eighteen experts in related fields such as traffic safety, education, and healthcare were invited to achieve Delphi consensus. The final indices were initially selected based on the consulting results,followed by the determination of their individual and combined weights using the analytic hierarchy process. Results: The finalized assessment tool comprised 3 primary indicators, 13 secondary indicators, and 100 tertiary indicators. The positivity coefficient of experts was 100%, accompanied by the authority coefficient 0.90. The mean importance scores for the three primary indicators varied from 4.67 to 4.78, while those for the 13 secondary indicators ranged from 4.22 to 4.89. The Kendall coefficient W was statistically significant at 0.32 ( χ 2=96.83, P <0.05). The weights assigned to the three primary indicators were:ability (0.329 4), opportunity (0.337 3), and motivation (0.333 3). The secondary indicators with the top three highest combined weights were social influence (0.027 4), knowledge (0.027 3), and skills (0.026 7). Conclusions The assessment tool for risky road behavior tendencies among middle school students in western China demonstrates high expert consensus, with balanced weighting of primary and secondary indicators. Expanded use of the assessment tool would provide the data support for intervention work.

Objective: To establish the Professional Standards for Sexuality Education Teachers in Kindergarten in China, so as to provide a basis for strengthening the construction of the sexuality education teacher team in kindergartens and promoting the smooth implementation of sexuality education in kindergartens. Methods: According to the Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers (Trial), combined with the existing research and practice results in the field of sexuality education at home and abroad and the development status of kindergarten sexuality education in China, the indicators and specific contents of Professional Standards for Sexuality Education Teachers in Kindergarten in China were selected. In September 2021, two rounds of Delphi expert consultation method were adopted to collect suggestions on professional standards from 34 experts in the field of sexuality education in China, and modifications were made according to the importance scores assessed by experts and specific suggestions until expert opinions converged. Then, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to assign weights to each indicator at each level, based on the relative importance between each two indicators at the same level as assessed by experts. Results: The Professional Standards for Sexuality Education Teachers in Kindergarten in China were initially established, including 3 primary indexes (professional concept, professional ability and professional knowledge), 7 secondary indexes and 27 tertiary indexes. The recovery rate of the two rounds of consultation documents was 100%, indicating that the experts were highly motivated. The authority coefficient of 2 rounds of expert consultation were both greater than 0.70, proving that the consultation results were reliable. The index weights of the three dimensions of professional concept, professional knowledge and professional ability were 0.44, 0.32 and 0.25, respectively. Conclusion The content of the Professional Standards for Sexuality Education Teachers in Kindergarten in China is complete, and the minimum qualified standard for kindergarten teachers engaged in sexuality education is determined.

Objective To observe the value of dual-energy CT(DECT)radiomics combined with clinical and CT features for predicting differentiation degree of gastric adenocarcinoma(GAC).Methods Totally 254 patients with GAC were prospectively analyzed and divided into high-grade group(low differentiation GAC,n=88)and low-grade group(middle-high differentiation GAC,n=166)according to pathological results.The patients were also divided into training set(n=203,including 70 high-grade and 133 low-grade GAC)and verification set(n=51,including 18 high-grade and 33 low-grade GAC)at the ratio of 8∶2.Radiomics features were extracted and screened based on venous phase single-level(40,70,100 and 140 keV)DECT,and a multi-energy radiomics model was constructed to predict GAC classification.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze clinical and CT features as well as DECT parameters in training set to construct a clinic-CT model.Then a combined model was constructed through combining clinic-CT model with radiomics model.The predictive efficacy of the models were evaluated,and the calibration degree of the combined model was assessed.Results The area under the curve(AUC)of clinic-CT model,multi-energy radiomics model and combined model was 0.74,0.75 and 0.78 in training set,and 0.73,0.77 and 0.78 in verification set,respectively.Except for AUC of combined model was higher than that of clinic-CT model in training set(P＜0.05),no significant difference of AUC was found among models in training set nor verification set(all P＞0.05).The calibration degree of combined model was good in both training set and verification set(both P＞0.05).Conclusion DECT radiomics combined with clinical and CT features could effectively predict differentiation degree of GAC.

Objective To observe the value of spectral CT parameters for evaluating T staging of advanced gastric cancer(AGC).Methods Totally 155 AGC patients were collected and divided into T2 stage(n=40)and T3/4a stage(n=115)according to postoperative pathology.CT values,water concentration(WC)and iodine concentration(IC)of AGC lesions on 40-140 keV arteriovenous phase single energy level images were measured,and the standardized IC(nIC)and spectral curve slopes k1 and k2 were calculated.Clinical variables and spectral quantitative parameters were compared between groups,and receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the value of each parameter and model for identifying T2 and T3/4a stage AGC.Results Tumor thickness,proportion of low differentiation degree,CT100kev,CT140kev,and WC values in T3/4a group were all significantly higher than those in T2 group(all P＜0.05).CT140keV of AGC lesions on venous phase images presented the highest discrimination efficacy among single parameters,with AUC of 0.782.AUC of clinical-arterial phase-venous phase model was 0.848,higher than that of clinical model and arterial phase model alone(both P＜0.05)but not significantly different compared with AUC of venous phase model(P＞0.05).Conclusion Spectral CT quantitative parameters,especially venous phase parameters could be used to effectively identify T stage of AGC.Multi-parameter combined models had higher diagnostic value.

Objective To establish the rapid identification method of Hedysari Radix wild and cultivated products by integrating the identification characteristics of TCM traits obtained by intelligent senses such as electronic nose and colorimeter based on the multivariate statistical analysis method;To provide new ideas and methods for the formulation of commodity specification standards and the application research of market quality control for Hedysari Radix.Methods Totally 29 batches of samples of Hedysari Radix were detected based on colorimeter and electronic nose technology to obtain their sensory information,and the effective components of Hedysari Radix were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and other methods for joint analysis.After establishing the optimal experimental conditions of Hedysari Radix electronic nose,multivariate statistical analysis methods,such as principal component analysis(PCA),orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)and clustering analysis,were used to establish the identification model of Hedysari Radix wild and cultivated commodities.Results The optimum test conditions of Hedysari Radix electronic nose(particle size of 65 mesh):the sample weight was 2.0 g,the optimum temperature of the sample was 50℃,and the time was 25 min.A single intelligent sensory result could not quickly and accurately identify the two,but the fusion information could quickly identify the wild and cultivated commodities of Hedysari Radix,and the chemical composition had a certain correlation with the color and taste.Conclusion Electronic nose and colorimeter can quickly and accurately distinguish wild and cultivated Hedysari Radix after multivariate statistical analysis,which is simple and feasible.The combined analysis of its related properties and active components can be used for the quality evaluation of Hedysari Radix.