【Objective】 To investigate the expressions of containing CKLF like MARVEL transmembrane domain gene 6 (CMTM6) and ras protein activator like 2 (RASAL2) in prostate cancer tissues, and to analyze the relationships between the above factors and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. 【Methods】 The prostate cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 80 prostate cancer patients admitted to Zhumadian City Center Hospital during Feb.2018 and Feb.2020 were collected.Expressions of CMTM6 and RASAL2 were detected with immunohistochemical method.The relationship between the expressions of CMTM6 and RASAL2 and the clinical pathological characteristics of prostate cancer were analyzed.The survival curve was plotted with Kaplan-Meier method.The prognostic factors were analyzed with multivariate Cox regression. 【Results】 The positive expression rate of CMTM6 in prostate cancer tissues was 67.50%, which was obviously higher than 38.75% in adjacent tissues (χ²=13.277, P<0.001).The positive expression rate of RASAL2 in prostate cancer tissues was 47.50%, which was obviously lower than 73.75% in adjacent tissues (χ²=11.546, P=0.001).The expressions of CMTM6 and RASAL2 were not related to patients’ age, tumor size and tissue differentiation (P>0.05), but to TNM staging, Gleason score, lymph node metastasis and preoperative PSA level (P<0.05).Survival curve showed that the 3-year survival rate of positive CMTM6 expression patients was 61.11% (33/54), which was obviously lower than that of negative patients, which was 88.46% (23/26) (χ²=5.940, P=0.015).The 3-year survival rate of positive RASAL2 expression patients was 81.85% (31/38), which was obviously higher than that of negative patients, which was 59.52% (25/42) (χ²=4.887, P=0.027).Cox multivariate regression showed that Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, preoperative PSA level, CMTM6, and RASAL2 were independent influencing factors of prognosis (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The positive expression rate of CMTM6 in prostate cancer tissues is significantly higher than that in paracancer tissues, while the positive expression rate of RASAL2 in prostate cancer tissues is significantly lower than that in paracancer tissues. Both CMTM6 and RASAL2 are closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients, and may provide reference for the prognosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate a suspected outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii （CRAB） nosocomial infection in an intensive care unit （ICU） and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of multi-drug resistant nosocomial infection. MethodsClinical and epidemiological data of 4 patients with CRAB infection were retrospectively investigated in the ICU of Renji Hospital in November 2021. Environmental hygiene monitoring and multilocus sequence typing （MLST） were conducted and intervention measures were taken. ResultsA total of 4 cases with CRAB infection were identified， among which 1 case was determined to be community-acquired and3 cases were hospital-acquired. The isolated strains shared the same drug resistance， and were all classified into ST368 type. In the surface and hand samples （n=40）， 2 CRAB strains were detected in the air filter beside the bed of the first case， with a detection rate of 5%. After adopting comprehensive prevention and control strategies， including environmental cleaning and disinfection， hand hygiene， staff management and training， and supervision， no similar case with CRAB infection was found. ConclusionThis suspected outbreak of CRAB nosocomial infection may be induced by inadequate environmental cleaning and disinfection， and inadequate implementation of hand hygiene. Timely identification， investigation， and targeted measures remain crucial to effective control of possible nosocomial infection.

Seven triterpenoids were isolated and purified from the 95% aqueous EtOH extract whole plants of P. villosa by various chromatographic techniques, such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Based on physicochemical properties and spectral analyses, the structures of the seven compounds were identified as 29-acetoxyoleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (1), oleanolic acid (2), 3β-hydroxy-24-norursa-4(23),12,20(30)-trien-28-oic acid (3), 3β-hydroxy-24-nor-urs-4(23),12-dien-28-oic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), hederagenin (6), oleanolic acid 3-O-arabinoside (7). Compound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 3, 4, 6, and 7 are isolated from P. villosa for the first time. All compounds were assayed for their anti-inflammatory activity by the prodution of NO in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 significantly inhibited the NO release.

CD200 and its receptor CD200R constitute an endogenous inhibitory signal. The binding of CD200 and CD200R can regulate the immune response to pathogenic stimuli, which has received much attention in recent years. It has been found that CD200-CD200R is involved in the regulation of many kinds of pathological inflammation, including autoimmune diseases, cardiac cerebrovascular disease, infection and tumor. This paper reviews the protein structure, distribution, expression, biological function of CD200-CD200R and the correlation with diseases, and analyses the current status and development ideas of CD200-CD200R as drug targets. It aims to provide theoretical support for new drug research and development based on this target.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To explore the real work experience and needs of nursing assistants of elderly patients with disability and mental disorders, and provide reference for relevant institutions to develop a reasonable support system and promote their physical and mental health.Methods:From October to November 2022, purposive sampling was used to select nursing assistants of elderly patients with disability and mental disorders from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University as the research subject. The phenomenological method was used to conduct in-depth interviews, recordings, and transcripts of 12 nursing assistants. The Colaizzi analysis program was used to analyze, organize, refine, and summarize.Results:A total of five themes were extracted, including multiple emotional experiences, lack of rest and relaxation, insufficient professional identity and external support, lack of care knowledge and skills, heavy workload and poor treatment.Conclusions:Accompanying management institutions and hospitals need to strengthen their attention to nursing assistants, reduce their physical and mental burden, attach importance to skill training, increase welfare benefits, enhance professional identity, and improve the quality of care.

Objective:To develop and validate a model to predict the risk of malnutrition in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods:From April 2022 to August 2023, 430 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were admitted to the department of radiotherapy of the first affiliated hospital of Guangxi medical university in Nanning were conveniently selected as the study subjects, and they were divided into the modelling group (300 cases) and the internal validation group (130 cases) in the internal validation group in the ratio of 7:3, and 61 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma admitted to the affiliated cancer hospital of Guangxi medical university in Nanning City were selected as the external validation group. Logistic regression was used to establish the risk prediction model and draw nomograms,Hosmer-Lemeshow, calibration curve and ROC were used to verify the goodness of fit and predictive power of the model, and clinical decision curve was used to assess the clinical utility. Results:Logistic regression analysis showed that skeletal muscle mass index, self-rated anxiety scale score, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire score, Chinese diet pagoda score, regular exercise, and digestive symptom groups were the influencing factors for malnutrition in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. In the modelling group, the area under the ROC curve was 0.853 (95％CI:0.81 ～ 0.89), the maximum Youden was 0.600, and the corresponding specificity was 0.764 and the sensitivity was 0.836. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test=4.040 and P=0.853 indicated that the model had good predictive ability. Calibration curve of the calibration showed that the predictive effect of the model matched actual probability well, with an average absolute error was 0.024. When the threshold probability of the clinical decision curve is 0.05 ～ 0.85, the clinical response rate is higher. The area under the operating curve of the subjects in the internal validation group was 0.891, the sensitivity was 77.36％, the specificity was 89.61％, and the practical application accuracy was 84.62％. The area under the operating curve of the subjects in the external validation group was 0.886, the sensitivity was 76.00％, the specificity was 83.33％, and the overall accuracy was 80.33％. Conclusion:The risk prediction model constructed in this study has a good effect, which can effectively predict the incidence of malnutrition in patients receiving concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and provide a reference for clinical staff to formulate and implement nutritional interventions.

Objective To study the in vitro expression of three phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH)mutants(p.R243Q,p.R241C,and p.Y356X)and determine their pathogenicity.Methods Bioinformatics techniques were used to predict the impact of PAH mutants on the structure and function of PAH protein.Corresponding mutant plasmids of PAH were constructed and expressed in HEK293T cells.Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of the three PAH mutants,and their protein levels were assessed using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Bioinformatics analysis predicted that all three mutants were pathogenic.The mRNA expression levels of the p.R243Q and p.R241C mutants in HEK293T cells were similar to the mRNA expression level of the wild-type control(P>0.05),while the mRNA expression level of the p.Y356X mutant significantly decreased(P<0.05).The PAH protein expression levels of all three mutants were significantly reduced compared to the wild-type control(P<0.05).The extracellular concentration of PAH protein was reduced in the p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants compared to the wild-type control(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between the p.R243Q mutant and the wild type control(P>0.05).Conclusions p.R243Q,p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants lead to reduced expression levels of PAH protein in eukaryotic cells,with p.R241C and p.Y356X mutants also affecting the function of PAH protein.These three PAH mutants are to be pathogenic.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):188-193]

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of suction ureteral stent and conventional ureteral stent in the treatment of patients with urinary calculi,so as to evaluate the clinical application value.Methods A total of 196 patients with urinary calculi admitted to in our hospital during Dec.2022 and May 2023 were selected to undergo ureteral holmium laser lithotripsy with hard ureteroscopy or soft ureteroscopy,including 100 with suction ureteral stent(suction group)and 96 with conventional ureteral stent(conventional group).Basic data,visual analog scale(VAS),extubation time,extubation success rate,gross hematuria,lumbar and abdominal pain,and urinary tract infection were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the conventional group,the suction group had lower VAS[(2.94±1.24)vs.(5.78±1.50)],shorter extubation time[(4.28±0.51)min vs.(13.51±1.81)min],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).After extubation,the suction group had a lower incidence of complications(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional ureteral stent,extraction of suction ureteral stent has the advantages of simpler operation,better patient comfort,fewer complications,shorter extubation time and lower medical costs.