Objective To analyze the pathogenic composition of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases and the antibody level of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) in healthy people in Xi&#39;an in 2022, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Anal swabs or stool specimens of HFMD cases were collected. RT-PCR was used to detect enterovirus (EV) and serotype was identified. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect EV-A71 IgG antibody levels in healthy people. Results A total of 172 positive cases were detected from 274 HFMD clinical specimens with a total detection rate of 62.77%, including 1 case of EV-A71 (0.58%), 95 cases of CV-A16 (55.23%), 64 cases of CV-A6 (37.21%), and 1 case of CV-A10(0.58%). CV-A16 was the dominant pathogen in spring and summer, and CV-A6 was the dominant pathogen in autumn and winter（χ²= 64.376，P＜0.001）. The age of HFMD cases caused by CV-A16 was older than the cases caused by CV-A6（t = 2.709，P = 0.007）. The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in healthy people was 36.92% (168/455). The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in men (32.35%) was lower than that in women (43.72%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 6.605 , P = 0.014). The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in people of all ages ranged from 21.95% to 54.78%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 27.623 , P<0.001). Conclusion The main pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xi&#39;an in 2022 are CV-A16 and CV-A6 . The positive rate of EV-A71 IgG antibodies in children under 5 years old is low , and EV-A71 vaccination should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the characteristics of blood lipid metabolism indicators and risk factors of prognosis in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A total of 54 children who were diagnosed with SLE and hospitalized in Chengdu Women and Children’ s Central Hospital from January 2013 to August 2022 were selected. Clinical data of all children were collected and blood lipid metabolism indicators and biochemical indicators were detected , and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the prognosis risk factors in children with SLE. Results Among the 47 cases (87.04%) had abnormal blood lipid metabolism at admission, and is mainly manifested as elevated levels of LDL-C, TG and TC and decreased level of HDL-C. The proportion of cardiovascular system damage, hematological system damage, urinary protein positivity, and SLEDAI-2000 score in the group with good prognosis were lower than those in the group with poor prognosis, while the proportion of dsDNA positivity was higher in the group with poor prognosis. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the cardiovascular system damage and positive urinary protein were risk factors for poor prognosis, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Abnormal blood lipid metabolism is common in children with SLE, and cardiovascular system damage and positive urinary protein may increase the risk of poor prognosis in young children.

Cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of threat to human life and health worldwide. Early risk assessment, timely diagnosis, and prognosis evaluation are critical to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the evaluation of diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases mainly relies on imaging examinations such as coronary CT and coronary angiography, which are expensive, time-consuming, partly invasive, and require high professional competence of the operator, making it difficult to promote in the community or in areas where medical resources are scarce. The fundus microcirculation is a part of the human microcirculation and has similar embryological origins and physiopathological features to cardiovascular circulation. Several studies have revealed fundus imaging biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases, and developed and validated intelligent diagnosis and treatment models for cardiovascular diseases based on fundus imaging data. Fundus imaging is expected to be an important adjunct to cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment given its noninvasive and convenient nature. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research status, challenges, and future prospects of the application of artificial intelligence based on multimodal fundus imaging data in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To explore the effect of C1q / tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 ( CTRP9 ) on the expression of genes and proteins related to lipid metabolism of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in mice after cold stimulation． Methods : C57BL /6J male mice were injected with adenovirus Ad-GFP (control group) or Ad-CTRP9 ( experience group) into the scapular region and kept for 7 days．After cold stimulation at 4 ℃ for 10 hours，the expression levels of BAT marker genes and proteins were detected by real time PCR and Western blot. Results: Overexpression of CTRP9 induced by cold stimulation significantly increased the mRNA level of iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (Dio2) in BAT (P＜0. 01) ．Additionally，there was no significant difference in the expression of BAT marker genes ( UCP-1，PGC-1 α , PRDM16 and ARβ3) ，and liposynthesis and lipolysis related genes (PPARγ , HSL and ATGL) ．Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) protein expression was upregualted in Ad-CTRP9 compared to the Ad-GFP control group ，while the expression of lipolysis related protein adipose triglyceride lipase ( ATGL) decreased significantly (P＜0. 05) ． Conclusion In cold environment，overexpression of CTRP9 promotes the accumulation of UCP-1 protein in BAT，upregulates the expression of thyroid hormone signal related gene Dio2，and inhibits triglyceride hydrolysis to maintain a constant body temperature.

Abstract OBJECTIVE Neuroblastoma(NB) is a prevailing pediatric extracranial solid tumor that accounts for 10%-15% of all childhood cancer-related fatalities. Despite significant strides made in NB therapy through multimodal approaches, the survival rate of high-risk NB patients remains at approximately 50%. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify novel molecular targets for NB treatment. Recent studies have shown that MYCN oncogene amplification is present in about 25% of NB cases and is a crucial determinant of poor prognosis for high-risk NB patients. Since MYC family proteins, including MYCN, are inherently disordered proteins, MYCN lacks a defined ligand binding site along with a large protein-protein interaction surface. Current treatment approaches for MYCN-amplified NB patients do not include direct targeting of MYCN itself, since the absence of a “drugable” pocket renders it challenging. Notably, no direct MYC-targeting drugs are currently available. There is an existing association between Aurora A kinase(AURKA) and MYCN, whereby they form a complex to fortify MYCN stability. However, MYCN is inherently unstable, with a half-life of only 30 min, but AURKA intervenes by facilitating its stability through a direct protein-protein interaction, hence protecting it from proteasomal degradation. This interaction potentially augments tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness. Notably, AURKA has been verified as a transcriptional target of MYCN. The present study endeavors to employ computer-aided drug design technology to probe AURKA inhibitors discerned from a natural product library of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), thereby identifying a novel drug for treating NB. METHODS Collected from the YaTCM database, a total of 47 696 natural compounds from TCM were subjected to preprocessing including protonation, deionization, hydrogenation, stereoisomerism, conformation generation, and energy minimization. Of these, 58 048 compounds were initially screened as potential ligands for the library. Utilizing “Lipinski Ro5” and “Verber Ro3” guidelines, 22 227 hit compounds were selected from the library that met the screening criteria. Initially, crystal structures of AURKA and its inhibitor AA35 were downloaded from the RCSB PDB database. The spatial coordinates of AA35 were set as the center of the binding pocket for AURKA, and a 10 Å * 10 Å * 10 Å space around the pocket was designated as the active space. A comprehensive drug screening platform integrating lead-likeness filtering, pharmacokinetic prediction, molecular docking, flexible docking, and molecular dynamics(MD) simulations were established to excavate potential aurora kinase A inhibitors from the TCM compound library, which were further validated by MD simulations. RESULTS A grand total of 6 220 Chinese herbal remedies had been meticulously curated within the YaTCM database. Out of these, an impressive 47 696 Chinese herbal monomers had undergone a rigorous series of flexible docking tests, resulting in the selection of the top ten molecules with the most favorable docking scores. The aforementioned molecules underwent AMDE parameter and toxicity predictions. It was discovered that with the exception of a few compounds such as Tryptophane, 3&#39;-Methoxydaidzein, and Burttinol D(which might elicit liver toxicity), 3&#39;-Methoxydaidzein and Pratensein(which might elicit kidney toxicity), and 3-Deoxysappanone B(which had moderate oral toxicity), as well as Tryptophane(with an oral bioavailability of less than 50%), five compounds including Compound X, (+)-Sesamin dicatechol, Tuberosin, Abrine, and Maackiain, displayed favorable pharmacokinetic parameters and low toxicity predictions. Moreover, all of these compounds exhibited a high binding affinity with the inhibitor active pocket of AURKA. In this study, Compound X, despite its cumbersome name, was referred to as “Compound X”. Upon focusing on Compound X as the subject of investigation, it was discovered that its phenolic framework could readily interact with the hydrophobic cavity constituted of hydrophobic amino acids, namely TYR199, VAL182, LEU178, LEU208, and VAL206. Notably, Compound X could partake in Pi-Pi interactions with TYR199 and create hydrogen bonds with HIS201, GLU175, and LYS166. Computational studies via MD simulations confirmed that Compound X could form a stable receptor-ligand complex with the receptor. Impressively, the inclusion of Compound X significantly reduced the stability of the AURKA-MYCN complex. CONCLUSION This study concludes that Compound X can be used as an AURKA inhibitor for the treatment of NB, which is a novel finding based on the combination of various virtual screening techniques from the natural product database of TCM.

Objective : To explore the "clinical normal reference range" of pulpal blood flow (PBF) in the physiological state in an effort to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: According to the working principle and operational considerations of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), the PBF blood flow value of the first molars of the upper and lower mandibles of normal adults was detected by LDF, and the clinical reference value range under physiological conditions was analyzed and calculated. The differences in PBF values by sex, dental position and location (left and right side, upper and lower jaw) were analyzed. Results : A total of 200 normal adult participants with an average age of (22.76 ± 3.26) years were included. The cohort included 95 males and 105 females, with a total of 800 first molars. Neither the PBF values of the left and right first molars nor the PBF values of the upper and lower first molars in males or females significantly differed (P>0.05). The PBF value for females was higher than that of males. Specifically, the clinical reference PBF values for males and females were (8.56 ± 3.25) PU and (9.51 ± 3.47) PU, respectively. Conclusion The PBF values of normal adult first molars in healthy subjects were higher in females than in males, and in the PBF values of first molars of the same sex did not significantly differ between the left side and right side or upper and lower jaw; these values could be used as a reference for the selection of control teeth.

Objective To examine the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the active pre-hospital transportation of 6 338 newborns. Methods Newborns who were actively transported from other hospitals to the neonatal transportation center of Xuzhou children’s hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were enrolled in the present study. The demographic information, clinical characteristics and transport data of the newborns were retrospectively analyzed. The epidemiological trends of the neonatal transfers in different years were analyzed. Results A total of 6 338 cases were included in the study, including 4,093 boys and 2,245 girls. The proportion of girls increased year by year (P<0.05). The average gestational age was 36.62 weeks, with no significant difference between years (P>0.05). The proportion of transferred neonates within 24 hours showed a downward trend (P<0.05). The proportion of premature infants, extremely low birth weight infants, invasive respiratory support infants and critical cases increased yearly (P<0.05). The number of surgical transfer cases in 2017 and 2018 increased compared with the previous years (P<0.05). The top three diseases were neonatal aspiration pneumonia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal asphyxia. There were no differences in the levels of the referral hospitals, transportation time and distance (P>0.05). In the past five years, there were only two deaths in the transfers (0.32‰). The overall rate of successful transfers was 99.08%. Conclusion The proportion of extremely low birth weight neonates, critical cases, invasive respiratory support cases, and surgical disease cases transported from 2014 to 2018 increased year by year. It is necessary to strengthen training of the relevant medical personnel to improve their techniques and skills according to the epidemic trends of neonatal pre-hospital transfer.

IDEAL framework and recommendations provide a scientific and integrated evaluation pathway for surgical innovations and other complex therapeutic interventions, and underline that the preliminary studies are needed to prepare for a successful randomized controlled trial. IDEAL framework provides a series of recommendations in terms of nature stages of surgical innovation. We have reported the introduction and reporting guidelines of the IDEAL framework and recommendations in our IDEAL series paper. This paper aimed to provide some empirical evidence, focusing specifically on stages 2a and 2b, to help surgeons and researchers to understand how to imply IDEAL framework and recommendations into their clinical practice.

AIM: To investigate the expression changes of Toll like recepter 9(TLR-9)and myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)in retina of mice following optic nerve injury(ONI).

METHODS: There were 36 male 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice randomly divided into 6 groups: blank control(no treatment), ONI 1d group(materials were taken at 1d after optic nerve injury), ONI 3d group(materials were taken at 3d after optic nerve injury), ONI 5d group(materials were taken at 5d after optic nerve injury), ONI 7d group(materials were taken at 7d after optic nerve injury), ONI 14d group(materials were taken at 14d after optic nerve injury). The mice optic nerve model was made by optic nerve gripping, and the mRNA and protein levels of Toll like recepter 9 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 in each retinal were measured by RT-qPCR and Western-blot.

RESULTS: The mRNA and protein levels of Toll like recepter 9 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 in the retina of ONI 1d group were not significantly different from those of the blank control group(P>0.05), the mRNA and protein levels of TLR-9 and MyD88 in the retina of ONI 3d group, ONI 5d group, ONI 7d group and ONI 14d group were significantly increased compared with the blank control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01). Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA and protein levels of TLR-9 and MyD88 in the retina of mice began to increase at ONI 3d(P<0.01), peaked at ONI 5d(P<0.001), and gradually decreased at ONI 7d(P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: Optic nerve injury can activate the expression of TLR-9 and MyD88 in mice retina. TLR-9 and MyD88 may play an essential role in the process of optic nerve injury.

Objective To observe the effects of different dosages of ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and the possible mechanism. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=12), model group (n=12), and 10 mg/kg (D10, n=12), 20 mg/kg (D20, n=12), 40 mg/kg (D40, n=12) and 80 mg/kg (D80, n=12) drug groups. Spinal cord ischemia for ten minutes and reperfusion model was established, and the drug groups were injected ginsenoside Rb1 intraperitoneally in their dosages 30 minutes before modeling. They were assessed with BBB score 48 hours after reperfusion, and then were sacrificed for HE staining, TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry staining of survivin.Results The BBB score was more in the drug groups than in the model group (P<0.05), and was the most in D40 and D80 groups. The expression of survivin was more in the drug groups than in the model group (P<0.05), and was the most in D40 and D80 groups. The apoptosis of neurons was less in the drug groups than in the model group (P<0.05), and was the least in D40 and D80 groups.Conclusion The ginsenoside Rb1 could promote the expression of survivin, inhibit apoptosis of neurons, to protect the neural function, in dose-dependent manner somehow.