Malignant tumors are one of the major diseases that endanger human life and health. Chinese medicine has unique advantages in clinical anti-tumor treatment. However， how to translate the anti-tumor effects of Chinese medicine into clinical practice is the core issue that must be addressed in the process of treating malignant tumors with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Unlike modern chemical drugs， the compatibility application of Chinese medicine is the key factor that determines whether Chinese medicine can achieve optimal anti-tumor efficacy and realize the goal of "enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity". The formulation structure based on this compatibility is the basic form for the safe， efficient， and rational clinical use of anti-tumor Chinese medicine， and it mainly includes three categories： herb pairs， tri-herbal combinations， and compound compatibility. Although herb pairs have the characteristics of a simple structure and strong targeting （enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity）， they often have a single effect and cannot fully address the complex pathogenesis of tumors. As a result， herb pairs are rarely used alone in practice. Compared to herb pairs， tri-herbal combinations broaden the application scope of herbs in clinical treatment， but their therapeutic range remains limited. The traditional "sovereign， minister， assistant， and guide" compound prescription， which includes herb pairs and tri-herbal combinations， improves the efficacy of herbs in treating serious diseases， hypochondriasis， chronic diseases， and miscellaneous disorders. However， due to the limitations of its historical background， it has not been integrated with modern clinical practice and modern pharmacological research， which restricts the development of compound compatibility theory. With the emergence of modern medical technology， it has been combined with traditional compatibility theory of Chinese medicine to create an innovative modern compatibility theory. This includes the "aid medicine" theory derived from modern Chinese medicine pharmacology， which compensates for the inability of the "sovereign， minister， assistant， and guide" theory to accurately apply medicine. Additionally， the "state-targeted treatment based on syndrome differentiation" theory， developed from pharmacology and modern medicine， addresses the deficiency in disease cognition in the "sovereign， minister， assistant， and guide" theory. Under the guidance of these compatibility forms and theories， clinical anti-tumor Chinese medicine can exert its maximum anti-tumor efficacy， which is of great significance for the application of Chinese medicine in clinical tumor treatment.

To study the beneficial effect of AMF from the utilization achievement in the agroforestry research, we discuss the application of AM in medicinal plant disease prevention and control. This paper summarized the type of medicinal plant disease, the influence of plant disease and the commonly used prevention method in production. As for the adverse consequences caused by plant's non-infectious and infectious diseases, AM has some improvement function. Something will affect the function of AM in the prevention of medicinal plant disease, for example, the relationship between AMF and the plants, the quantity, the time and the environmental factors about AMF inoculation and so on. In order to achieve the useful effect of AM in the prevention of medicinal plant disease, we should choose the suitable condition during production in practice to carry on the vaccination.
Agriculture ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Mycorrhizae ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; prevention & control ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of heavy metals on germination and antioxidant systems of the seeds of Astragalus membranaceus.

METHODThe seeds were treated with three different heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd) and the germination rate, germination energy, germination index, seedling root length, seedling fresh weight, soluble protein, antioxidant enzyme systems, electrical conductivity were detected and analyzed.

RESULTThe results indicated that all of the three kinds of heavy metals had a significant effect on the seed germination index at different levels of concentrations except germinating ability. Different kinds of heavy metals could also enhance the vitality of POD and CAT, increase the electrical conductivity and the concentration of soluble protein.

CONCLUSIONIt can be concluded that heavy metals have a significant effect on the growth and antioxidant system of the seed.

Antioxidants ; analysis ; metabolism ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Germination ; drug effects ; Metals, Heavy ; pharmacology ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology