Objective:To analyze the microstructure of commonly used surgical hemostatic powders and investigate their hemostatic properties.Methods:The microstructures of seven commonly used surgical hemostatic powders were observed by scanning electron microscopy and analyzed by particle size testing, and then the hemostatic properties of the seven commonly used surgical hemostatic powders were evaluated by an in vitro coagulation promotion test and a rabbit liver bleeding model.Results:The average particle size of Aristide hemostatic powder was 45.143 μm, and there were many grooves on the surface of the particles with increased specific surface area. The results of in vitro coagulation promotion tests showed that the absorbance and coagulation index of Aviagen were the lowest, which were 0.039 30±0.006 03 and 3.42, respectively. The rabbit liver bleeding experiment showed that the hemostatic effect of hemostatic powder materials in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (all P<0.001), among which Aviagen and Aristide were more effective. The hemostatic time and the effective bleeding volume of the experimental group and the control group were (44±17) s and (48±9) s, and (63±19) mg and (73±18) mg, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are many grooves on the surface of Arista granules, which gives them a better performance in homeostasis in surgical applications. Avitene has lower absorbance and coagulation index, and better hemostatic properties.