[Objective]To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on infected state of human alve?olar type Ⅱ epithelial cells.[Methods]Human alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells A549(1×105/mL)2 mL and PA(3×104 CFU/mL)2 mL has grown after 6 hours,add hUCMSC(1 × 106/mL)2 mL as the experimental group,add equal amounts of phosphate buffer (PBS)for infection,A549 and PBS and the medium has grown as the control group. A549 cells morphological changes between the compared groups(Transmission electron microscope,TEM),A549 cell viability(new CCK-8 cell proliferation assay Kit),A549 cells apoptosis(Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry)and the expression of A549 pulmonary surfactant A(SP-A) (Western blot).[Results]Transmission electron microscope cell morphology observation displayed ,infection group A549 cell dam?aged obviously,cell quality appeared empty bubble degeneration,chromatin height agglutination,visible apoptosis bodies;experi?ment group cell package film structure full,nuclear film full,nucleolus obviously,nuclear chromatin electronic density low,chroma? tin uniform,no apoptotic bodies;control group A549 cell structure full,membrane surface micro-fluff rich,nuclear film full,nucle?ar week clearance structure normal,chromatin uniform;infection group and control group compared,Infection group A549 cell sur?vival significantly reduced[(70.35±2.89)% and(97.37±2.07)%,n=3,P<0.01],apoptosis rate significantly increased[(8.63%± 0.16)%and(2.55±0.11)%,n=3,P<0.01],In the infected group,PA could damage A549 cells and decrease the amount of SP-A ex?pression(n=5,P<0.05). In the experiment group,the protective effect of hUCMSC on the A549 cells after infection may increase the expression of SP-A(n=5,P<0.05);[Conclusions]HUCMSC inhibits the infection of A549 cells apoptosis and protection of A549 cells secrete SP-A.

Background: The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway inhibits the activation of T cells and plays a crucial role in the negative regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults. In the present study, we aimed to detect the expression of PD-L1 in DLBCL and to analyze its relationship with prognosis. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 204 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between October 2005 and August 2012. The expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues from these 204 patients was detected using immunohistochemical (IHC) assay. The expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), CD5, CD30, and C-Myc in tumor specimens from 109 patients was detected using IHC, and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNAs (EBERs) were detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The Spearman method was used for correlation analysis. The Kaplan–Meier method with log-rank test was used for univariate analysis. Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Of the 204 patients, 100 (49.0%) were PD-L1-positive in tumor cells and 44 (21.6%) were PD-L1-positive in tumor microenvironment. PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and tumor microenvironment were more common in the non-germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) subtype than in the GCB subtype (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04). Patients with PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment were more likely to be resistant to first-line chemotherapy when compared with the patients without PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment (P = 0.03). PD-L1 expression in tumor micro-environment was negatively correlated with C-Myc expression (r = ? 0.20, P = 0.04). No correlations were detected between PD-L1 expression and the expression of ALK, CD5, and CD30 as well as EBERs. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 50.0% and 67.3% in patients with and without PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (P = 0.02). PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was an independent risk predictor for OS (P < 0.01). Conclusions: PD-L1 expression is more common in the non-GCB subtype than in the GCB subtype. PD-L1 expres-sion in tumor microenvironment has a negative correlation with C-Myc. PD-L1 positivity predicts short survival in DLBCL patients. For patients with PD-L1 expression, more strategy such as anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment should be recommended.

Amniotic Fluid ; metabolism ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Embolism, Amniotic Fluid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Keratin-13 ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Aspiration ; metabolism ; pathology

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Pyridines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Smoking

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVECT-guided microwave coagulation is a minimally invasive surgery for patients with liver cancer. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl is commonly used. The depth of anesthesia during microwave coagulation for liver cancer is still monitored by clinical signs. There are few subjective and effective indicators. This study explored the application of Narcotrend-assisted "depth of anesthesia" monitoring on microwave coagulation for patients with liver cancer during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl.

METHODSForty liver cancer patients underwent CT-guided microwave coagulation were randomly assigned to receive Narcotrend index monitoring or standard clinical monitoring for depth of anesthesia with 20 patients in each group. All patients received total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl. The depth of anesthesia for patients in the Narcotrend group was measured according to a Narcotrend index, which was maintained between D2 and E0. The depth of anesthesia for those in the standard clinical practice group was measured according to heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and patient movement. Changes of hemodynamics, the duration of the emergence from anesthesia, and the recovery of orientation were recorded. The doses of propofol and fentanyl, postoperative visual analogue scores (VAS), and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were also recorded.

RESULTSThere was no significant alteration in heart rate or mean arterial pressure between the two groups. Compared with other anesthetic stages, both heart rate and mean arterial pressure decreased during the induction of the anesthesia in the two groups(P<0.05). The doses of propofol were higher in the standard clinical practice group than in the Narcotrend group [(460+/-30) mg vs. (380+/-35) mg, P<0.01]. The duration of emergence and orientation were longer in the standard clinical practice group than in the Narcotrend group [(9.5+/-2.9) min vs. (4.9+/-2.2) min, P<0.01; (12.2+/-3.5) min vs. (6.6+/-3.2) min, P<0.01, respectively]. There was no difference in the dosage of fentanyl, VAS, or the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor patients with liver cancer, monitoring the depth of anesthesia with Narcotrend on microwave coagulation can contribute to lower dosage of propofol and shorten duration of recovery during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl.

Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; administration & dosage ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Microwaves ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; instrumentation ; methods ; Propofol ; administration & dosage ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Cedemex on cAMP and cGMP contents in different brain regions in morphine withdrawal rats precipitated by naloxone.

METHODA physical morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing dosage within 7 days. cAMP and cGMP contents of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the rat brains were determined by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTThe morphine withdrawal symptoms of rats were relieved significantly by ig Cedemex. Compared with the controls, cAMP content in the region of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while cGMP contents in those regions were significantly lower (P < 0.05). cAMP contents in the area of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly reduced, while cGMP contents were significantly increased by ig Cedemex.

CONCLUSIONCedemex may significantly attenuate the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats. The mechanism of this effect may be related to adjusting the contents of cAMP and cGMP in some brain regions.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Morphine ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of different anesthesia methods on immune surveillance and tumor metastasis in tumor-bearing rats.

METHODSSeventy-two Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups and anesthetized for 1 h with ketamine (group K), propofol (group P), or neuraxial block (group B). All the rats were subjected to laparotomy followed by intravenous injection of MADB106 tumor cells, and 24 h after the injection, the number and activity of circulating CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and D4(+)/CD8(+) lymphocyte subsets and NK cellèCD161a(+)éwere assessed. Three weeks later, the lung metastases were counted.

RESULTSCompared with those in group B, the numbers of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD161a(+) lymphocytes and the activity of circulating NK cells were significantly reduced, and the lung metastases of MADB106 increased significantly in groups K and P (P<0.05 or 0.01 ). The activity of immune surveillance in group K was significantly lower than that in group P except for CD8(+) cells, and the tumor metastases in group K increased significantly in comparison with those in group P (P<0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNeuraxial block provides protection of the activity of immune surveillance and reduces tumor metastases in tumor-bearing rats compared with general anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Epidural ; adverse effects ; Anesthesia, General ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; immunology ; surgery ; Female ; Immunologic Surveillance ; immunology ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology ; secondary ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Nerve Block ; Propofol ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of different concentrations of ketamine against acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats and its mechanism.

METHODSForty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the control group, LPS group, ketamine group I (5 mg/kg), and ketamine group II (10 mg/kg). The neutrophil count, protein contents in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the wet/dry lung weight ratio were measured 4 h after LPS injection. TNF-alpha, IL-8, NO, iNOS and NF-kappaB were also measured in the lung tissues.

RESULTSIn LPS group, the neutrophil count, protein contents in BALF, the wet/dry lung weight ratio and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and NO were all significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of iNOS and the protein expression of NF-kappaB were also increased in LPS groups. Ketamine treatment attenuated the increase in wet/dry lung weight ratio, neutrophil count, and protein contents in BALF in a dose-dependent manner. Ketamine also dose-dependently inhibited the production of TNF-alpha, IL-8 , and NO and lowered iNOS mRNA and NF-kappaB protein expression.

CONCLUSIONKetamine can offer protection against LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappaB and attenuating the production of the inflammatory cytokines.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neutrophils ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish an effective method of genetic diagnosis on hemophilia A (HA) by detecting the inversion mutation in intron 22 of F8 gene.

METHODSIntron 22 inversion mutation in F8 gene was detected by using long distance-polymerase chain reaction (LD-PCR) and inversion-PCR (I-PCR) in 31 HA patients. The mothers of HA patients with intron 22 inversion mutation were selected to carrier diagnosis and amniotic fluid of the pregnant women with inversion mutation was collected at intermediate stage of gestation, and used to prenatal genetic diagnosis.

RESULTSSeven patients showed F8 gene inversion mutation in thirty-one patients. Three in four mothers of HA patients with intron 22 inversion mutation were diagnosed as carriers. The prenatal diagnosis result indicated that the fetus conceived in the HA-carrier woman was normal individual.

CONCLUSIONThe detection of intron 22 inversion mutation by LD-PCR and I-PCR is time-saving, and can be used in prenatal diagnosis on HA.

Factor VIII ; genetics ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Introns ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To observe the protective effects of a mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach (保肝益胃合剂) on rat acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4). Methods The model of rat acute liver damage was established by injection of CCl_4 2 ml/kg into the abdominal cavity.The rat models were treated respectively by the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach 30 g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),the polyene phosphatide acid radical choline capsule [Yi Shanfu (易善复), 180 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)],the glycyrrhizic acid diaminogen capsule [Gan Lixin (甘利欣),30 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)] infused into the stomach.The activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were detected.In the mean time,the liver pathological changes were observed,the degree of liver cell necrosis was evaluated,and the rat mortality was noted in various groups of treatment.Results The values of ALT,AST and the score of liver cell necrosis in the group treated with the mixture for protecting liver and supplementing stomach [(1.168?1.066) kU/L,(1.845?2.212) kU/L,(0.56?0.53) score] were significantly lower than those in the model group [(4.982?3.502) kU/L,(7.030?3.616) kU/L, (1.38?0.92) scores],and all the differences being statistically significant (all P