Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical burden, a critical determinant of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia, after the administration of Aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM). Methods: This study was a retrospective, non-interventional, multicenter, naturalistic observational study conducted through the analysis of participants’ electronic medical records. Study participants were recruited from eight sites. Data were collected at baseline, defined as the time of AOM administration, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months thereafter. The primary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) score over 12 months, and the secondary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score. Results: The data of 139 participants were analyzed, revealing a statistically significant decrease of 26.8% in CGI-CB scores and 13.4% in CGI-I scores over 12 months. Upon comparison between adjacent visit intervals, significant reductions were observed for both measures between month 3 and month 6. Conclusions This study is the first multicenter investigation to simultaneously evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of transitioning to AOM in the context of polypharmacy. The study suggested that AOM may contribute to reducing the clinical burden, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical burden, a critical determinant of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia, after the administration of Aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM). Methods: This study was a retrospective, non-interventional, multicenter, naturalistic observational study conducted through the analysis of participants’ electronic medical records. Study participants were recruited from eight sites. Data were collected at baseline, defined as the time of AOM administration, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months thereafter. The primary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) score over 12 months, and the secondary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score. Results: The data of 139 participants were analyzed, revealing a statistically significant decrease of 26.8% in CGI-CB scores and 13.4% in CGI-I scores over 12 months. Upon comparison between adjacent visit intervals, significant reductions were observed for both measures between month 3 and month 6. Conclusions This study is the first multicenter investigation to simultaneously evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of transitioning to AOM in the context of polypharmacy. The study suggested that AOM may contribute to reducing the clinical burden, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia.

Background: This study examined gender differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by considering the potential moderating effect of grit on Korean employees. Methods: A total of 11,369 participants (7,735 men and 3,634 women) aged 19–65 years, employed across 18 private companies and local government organizations in Korea, completed questionnaires including the Short Grit Scale, Korean Occupational Stress Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale between April 2020 and March 2022.Suicidal ideation was assessed based on its presence or absence. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PROCESS macro. Results: Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation in male employees, whereas depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship in female employees. Grit moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in male employees but not in female employees.Furthermore, the moderated mediating effect of grit in male employees on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation provided less protection in cases of severe depression. The cross-sectional design does not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion These findings contribute to understanding of the gender differences in the impact of depressive symptoms on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation, as well as the protective effect of grit. These findings highlight the need for genderspecific approaches to prevent suicidal ideation among employees.

Background: This study examined gender differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by considering the potential moderating effect of grit on Korean employees. Methods: A total of 11,369 participants (7,735 men and 3,634 women) aged 19–65 years, employed across 18 private companies and local government organizations in Korea, completed questionnaires including the Short Grit Scale, Korean Occupational Stress Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale between April 2020 and March 2022.Suicidal ideation was assessed based on its presence or absence. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PROCESS macro. Results: Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation in male employees, whereas depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship in female employees. Grit moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in male employees but not in female employees.Furthermore, the moderated mediating effect of grit in male employees on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation provided less protection in cases of severe depression. The cross-sectional design does not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion These findings contribute to understanding of the gender differences in the impact of depressive symptoms on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation, as well as the protective effect of grit. These findings highlight the need for genderspecific approaches to prevent suicidal ideation among employees.

Background: This study examined gender differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by considering the potential moderating effect of grit on Korean employees. Methods: A total of 11,369 participants (7,735 men and 3,634 women) aged 19–65 years, employed across 18 private companies and local government organizations in Korea, completed questionnaires including the Short Grit Scale, Korean Occupational Stress Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale between April 2020 and March 2022.Suicidal ideation was assessed based on its presence or absence. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PROCESS macro. Results: Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation in male employees, whereas depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship in female employees. Grit moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in male employees but not in female employees.Furthermore, the moderated mediating effect of grit in male employees on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation provided less protection in cases of severe depression. The cross-sectional design does not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion These findings contribute to understanding of the gender differences in the impact of depressive symptoms on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation, as well as the protective effect of grit. These findings highlight the need for genderspecific approaches to prevent suicidal ideation among employees.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical burden, a critical determinant of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia, after the administration of Aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM). Methods: This study was a retrospective, non-interventional, multicenter, naturalistic observational study conducted through the analysis of participants’ electronic medical records. Study participants were recruited from eight sites. Data were collected at baseline, defined as the time of AOM administration, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months thereafter. The primary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) score over 12 months, and the secondary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score. Results: The data of 139 participants were analyzed, revealing a statistically significant decrease of 26.8% in CGI-CB scores and 13.4% in CGI-I scores over 12 months. Upon comparison between adjacent visit intervals, significant reductions were observed for both measures between month 3 and month 6. Conclusions This study is the first multicenter investigation to simultaneously evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of transitioning to AOM in the context of polypharmacy. The study suggested that AOM may contribute to reducing the clinical burden, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia.

Background: This study examined gender differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation by considering the potential moderating effect of grit on Korean employees. Methods: A total of 11,369 participants (7,735 men and 3,634 women) aged 19–65 years, employed across 18 private companies and local government organizations in Korea, completed questionnaires including the Short Grit Scale, Korean Occupational Stress Scale, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale between April 2020 and March 2022.Suicidal ideation was assessed based on its presence or absence. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences PROCESS macro. Results: Depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation in male employees, whereas depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship in female employees. Grit moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in male employees but not in female employees.Furthermore, the moderated mediating effect of grit in male employees on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation provided less protection in cases of severe depression. The cross-sectional design does not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion These findings contribute to understanding of the gender differences in the impact of depressive symptoms on the relationship between occupational stress and suicidal ideation, as well as the protective effect of grit. These findings highlight the need for genderspecific approaches to prevent suicidal ideation among employees.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical burden, a critical determinant of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia, after the administration of Aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM). Methods: This study was a retrospective, non-interventional, multicenter, naturalistic observational study conducted through the analysis of participants’ electronic medical records. Study participants were recruited from eight sites. Data were collected at baseline, defined as the time of AOM administration, and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months thereafter. The primary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) score over 12 months, and the secondary outcome measure was the change in the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score. Results: The data of 139 participants were analyzed, revealing a statistically significant decrease of 26.8% in CGI-CB scores and 13.4% in CGI-I scores over 12 months. Upon comparison between adjacent visit intervals, significant reductions were observed for both measures between month 3 and month 6. Conclusions This study is the first multicenter investigation to simultaneously evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of transitioning to AOM in the context of polypharmacy. The study suggested that AOM may contribute to reducing the clinical burden, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia.

Differentiated thyroid cancer demonstrates a wide range of clinical presentations, from very indolent cases to those with an aggressive prognosis. Therefore, diagnosing and treating each cancer appropriately based on its risk status is important. The Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) has provided and amended the clinical guidelines for thyroid cancer management since 2007. The main changes in this revised 2024 guideline include 1) individualization of surgical extent according to pathological tests and clinical findings, 2) application of active surveillance in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, 3) indications for minimally invasive surgery, 4) adoption of World Health Organization pathological diagnostic criteria and definition of terminology in Korean, 5) update on literature evidence of recurrence risk for initial risk stratification, 6) addition of the role of molecular testing, 7) addition of definition of initial risk stratification and targeting thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations according to ongoing risk stratification (ORS), 8) addition of treatment of perioperative hypoparathyroidism, 9) update on systemic chemotherapy, and 10) addition of treatment for pediatric patients with thyroid cancer.

The aim of this study was to develop evidence-based recommendations for determining the surgical extent in patients with locally invasive differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Locally invasive DTC with gross extrathyroidal extension invading surrounding anatomical structures may lead to several functional deficits and poor oncological outcomes. At present, the optimal extent of surgery in locally invasive DTC remains a matter of debate, and there are no adequate guidelines. On October 8, 2021, four experts searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases; the identified papers were reviewed by 39 experts in thyroid and head and neck surgery. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence, and to develop and report recommendations. The strength of a recommendation reflects the confidence of a guideline panel that the desirable effects of an intervention outweigh any undesirable effects, across all patients for whom the recommendation is applicable. After completing the draft guidelines, Delphi questionnaires were completed by members of the Korean Society of Head and Neck Surgery. Twenty-seven evidence-based recommendations were made for several factors, including the preoperative workup; surgical extent of thyroidectomy; surgery for cancer invading the strap muscles, recurrent laryngeal nerve, laryngeal framework, trachea, or esophagus; and surgery for patients with central and lateral cervical lymph node involvement. Evidence-based guidelines were devised to help clinicians make safer and more efficient clinical decisions for the optimal surgical treatment of patients with locally invasive DTC.