Nine compounds were isolated and purified from 90% ethanol extract of Alstonia mairei Lévl by using various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, SephadexLH-20, MCI Gel and ODS column chromatography, combined with semi-preparative liquid phase separation methods. Modern spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR, MS, etc.) were used to identify the structures of the isolated compounds. They were identified as mairoside A (1), 3′,6-di-O-sinaloylsucrose (2), myristic acid (3), methyl myristate (4), ethyl myristate (5), 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (6), 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid (7), vinoline (8), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (9), among which compound 1 is a new glycoside, compounds 4 and 5 are new natural products, and the nuclear magnetic data of compound 4 were reported for the first time.

Aim To investigate the role and potential mechanism of methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) . Methods The expression of METTL5 in TNBC tumor tissues and cell lines was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. After shRNA targeting METTL5 (shRNAMETTL5) was transfected into TNBC cells, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Wnt/p-catenin signaling-related key proteins. A xenograft tumor model was constructed to verify the effect of METTL5 knockdown on the growth of TNBC cells and Wnt/p-catenin signaling activity in vivo. Results The expression of METTL5 was up-regulated in TNBC tumor tissues and cell lines (P < 0. 01) . Knockdown of METTL5 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells and reduced the expression of Wnt/p-catenin signaling molecules (3-catenin, cyclin Dl, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 and MMP-7 (all P < 0. 01) . Knockdown of METTL5 reduced tumor growth and Wnt/pcatenin signaling activity in vivo. Conclusions Knockdown of METTL5 can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells, which may be related to the inhibition of Wnt/p-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of mental health status of permanent residents in Yichang, Hubei Province. Methods A total of 9 576 permanent residents aged 18 years and older from Yichang City were selected by a multistage random sampling method between June and October 2022. The PHQ-9 was used to assess the residents’ depressive symptoms, the GAD-7 was used to assess their anxiety symptoms, the ISI was used to assess their insomnia status, and the PCL-5 was used to assess their stress status. The influence factors of depression and anxiety were analyzed using χ2 test and logistic regression. Results A total of 9 122 valid questionnaires were completed. The detection rate of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and stress symptoms were 29.98%, 19.03%, 11.97% and 1.58%, respectively. Gender, education level, monthly family income, self-rated health status, mental health literacy level, total GAD-7 score, total ISI score, and total PCL-5 score were the main factors that caused residents' anxiety symptoms, while gender, education level, self-rated health status, total PHQ-9 score, total ISI score, and total PCL-5 score were the main factors that caused residents' anxiety symptoms. Conclusion The prevalence of depression and anxiety is high among the permanent residents in Yichang, while the situation of insomnia and stress is relatively good. Measures such as improving the level of mental health literacy can be taken to improve mental health level of residents in Yichang.

Objective To investigate whether Liuwei Dihuang Pills enhances the antigen cross-presenting ability of dendritic cell(DC)by increasing gap junctional intercellular communication(GJIC),and to explore the mechanisms involved.Methods Western Blot and immunofluorescence were used to observe the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum on the expression and membrane localisation of gap junction protein connexin43(Cx43)in mouse melanoma cells(B16);Calcein-AM/DiI fluorescence tracer assay was used to observe the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum on the function of GJIC in B16 cells;flow cytometry was used to observe the role of GJIC in the enhancement of DC antigen presenting ability by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;and propidium iodide(PI)/Hoechst staining assay was used to observe the immunocidal effect of CD8+ T-lymphocytes.Results Western Blot and immunofluorescence experiments showed that Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum led to the up-regulation of Cx43 expression;fluorescence tracer experiments proved that the GJIC function of B16 cells was significantly enhanced by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;flow cytometry analyses showed that the DC antigen-presenting ability was enhanced by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;and the results of PI/Hoechst staining showed that the immuno-killing effect of CD8+T-cells was more significant after the intervention of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum in B16-OVA.Conclusion Liuwei Dihuang Pills improve the GJIC function by up-regulating the Cx43 expression of melanoma cells,and then enhance the cross-presenting ability of DCs thus activating stronger CD8+ T-cell immunocidal responses.

α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR)is widely expressed in the central nervous system and immune system,and plays a neuro-immunoregulatory role.On the one hand,α7nAChR is involved in the transmission of neurotransmitters,the conduction of excitatory signals and the maintenance of synaptic plasticity,which is of great significance for maintaining the normal and stable neurocognitive function.On the other hand,as an important part of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,α7nAChR is involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes such as inflammatory response,oxidative stress,apoptosis and autophagy in the central system,and plays an immunomodulatory and neuroprotective role,thus being potential target for improving perioperative neurocognitive function.This article reviews the biological characteristics of α7nAChR and its effect on perioperative neurocognitive function,in order to provide ideas and methods for clinical improvement of perioperative neurocognitive function in surgical patients.

Objective To analyze the current situation of unplanned reoperation in cardiac surgery and to discuss the management measures of unplanned reoperation.Methods The information of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a class A tertiary comprehensive hospital during 2018-2022 was collected to analyze the incidence of unplanned reoperation,major ca uses,disease types,surgica l moda lities and Complications.Results A tota l of 3902 patients underwent surgery,of whom 73(1.87%)underwent unplanned reoperation.The main cause of unplanned reoperation was bleeding(50%).The disease types with the highest unplanned reoperation composition ratio were coronary heart disease(38.4%),and the disease types with the highest incidence were dilated cardiomyopathy(11.1%).The average hospitalization cost,the average length of hospitalization,mortality rate and medical dispute rate of patients who had unplanned reoperation were significantly higher than those who did not have unplanned reoperation,the difference was statistically significant(P=0.001).Conclusion The hospital should strengthen the perioperative management of cardiac surgery,focus on supervising disease types and surgical modalities with high incidence of unplanned reoperation,and strictly implement the system of operation classification and the system of reporting unplanned reoperation to ensure the quality of patient surgery.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the current status of health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Using the census method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the health management (physical examination) service capabilities of 86 medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021. The questionnaire covered the basic information of the institution, human resources and equipment, physical examination items carried out, the annual number of people receiving physical examination, the degree of informatization, and the completion of quality control indicators. In this survey, a total of 86 questionnaires were distributed and 86 valid questionnaires were collected (100%). Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test were used to compare the differences of health management (physical examination) indicators between public and private medical institutions, and to analyze the current health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin. Results:Among the 86 medical institutions included in the analysis, 53 (61.6%) were public institutions and 33 (38.4%) were private medical institutions. In terms of basic information, the proportion of comprehensive hospitals and level-3 medical institutions belonging to public institutions, as well as the time of health management (physical examination) business development, were significantly higher than those of private medical institutions [62.3% vs 30.3%, 62.3% vs 0, 11 (7, 5) years vs 7 (5, 10) years], and the proportion of independent setup of the physical examination center and the business area of health management (physical examination) were significantly lower than those of private institutions[33.3% vs 98.1%, 1 011 (600, 1 000) m 2 vs 2 000 (1 395, 2 782) m 2] (all P<0.05). In terms of practitioners, there were 2 964 health management (physical examination) practitioners in Tianjin in 2021, aged 43 (35, 56) years. The proportion of male practitioners, part-time practitioners, nurses, practitioners with intermediate professional title, chief inspection physician, health management specialist in public institutions and the time engaged in health management work of employees were all significantly higher than those in private medical institutions [20.6% vs 17.5%, 20.7% vs 8.1%, 33.8% vs 23.4%, 40.7% vs 27.3%, 7.1% vs 3.9%, 13.8% vs 4.7%, 6 (3, 11) years vs 5 (3, 8) years] (all P<0.05). In terms of business development, the implementation rates of preventive medical management, mental health management, hypertension risk management, health management contract service, pulmonary nodule management, health management intervention plan, health risk assessment, and health education programs in public institutions were significantly higher than those in private medical institutions (24.5% vs 0, 28.3% vs 0, 35.8% vs 15.2%, 39.6% vs 15.2%, 41.5% vs 12.1%, 50.9% vs 18.2%, 66.0% vs 36.4%, 83.0% vs 42.4%), and the annual health physical examination person-times, group and individual physical examination person-times in public institutions were significantly lower than those in private institutions [18 625 (11 844, 27 998) to 38 384 (10 832, 46 927), 14 818 (8 803, 23 915) to 28 663 (4 982, 41 927), 2 179 (1 221, 3 588) to 5 784 (1 461, 12 156)] (all P<0.05). Among the six quality control indicators of health examination, the completion rates of waist-hip circumference measurement in both types of institutions were low (<40%). Conclusion:Compared with public institutions, the talent echelon construction and service capability of health management (physical examination) in private medical institutions in Tianjin still needs to be improved.

Chronic heart failure （CHF） is a clinical syndrome resulting from damage to the myocardium， leading to changes in the function or structure of the heart and causing reduced pumping and/or filling capacity. Its pathogenesis is complex， potentially involving myocardial fibrosis， apoptosis and autophagy of cardiomyocytes， inflammatory responses， oxidative stress， and myocardial remodeling. Our team believes that the fundamental pathogenesis of CHF is heart-Qi deficiency， with the disease location in the heart， which is closely related to other organs. Due to heart-Qi deficiency， blood circulation weakens， leading to blood stasis， which in turn generates water-dampness and phlegm turbidity that accumulate over time and become toxic. The interaction between water stasis， Qi stagnation， blood stasis， and phlegm toxicity further weakens the body， creating a vicious cycle （deficiency， stasis， water retention， and toxicity） that is difficult to resolve. Under physiological conditions， the nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway functions normally， maintaining vital activities and immune responses. However， in pathological states， the NF-κB signaling pathway becomes imbalanced， triggering inflammatory responses and other issues. Research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway through multiple pathways， targets， and effects， effectively improving the progression of CHF. As a result， this has become a research hotspot for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Guided by TCM theory， this research group reviewed the literature to summarize the activation pathways of the NF-κB pathway and its interactions with other pathways. Additionally， the group summarized the research progress on the regulation of the NF-κB pathway in the treatment of CHF using Chinese medicines， their active ingredients， Chinese medicine compounds， and Chinese patent medicines. This study is expected to clarify the mechanisms and targets by which TCM treats CHF by regulating the NF-κB pathway， thereby guiding clinical treatment and drug development for CHF.

The anti-inflammatory effect of simplified Zhiqin Decoction was observed by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation mouse model. The main chemical constituents and the main mechanism of action of simplified Zhiqin Decoction were predicted by network pharmacology. Animal experiments verified the anti-inflammatory mechanism of simplified Zhiqin Decoction (this experiment was approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Southwest University, approval number: IACUC-20210825-02). Simplifying Zhiqin Decoction has a significant anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory mice, can significantly improve the overall macro shape of mice, reduce body temperature, water intake, increase the number of autonomous activities; alleviate liver, lung, spleen, thymus inflammation and pathological damage; decrease tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) content in serum and urine. The contents of serum immune factors IgG, IgA and IgM were increased. Network pharmacology predicted 66 potential anti-inflammatory active components of simplified Zhiqin Decoction involving 132 inflammatory targets, and the key anti-inflammatory signaling pathway involved PI3K/AKT, TNF, JAK-STAT, etc. Animal experiments show that simplified Zhiqin Decoction can significantly reduce the expression of JAK2/STAT-PI3K/AKT-NF-κB-TNF signaling pathway related proteins in lung tissue of inflammatory mice. The results of this study showed that simplified Zhiqin Decoction had significant anti-inflammatory effects, and its main anti-inflammatory components were quercetin, β-sitosterol, kaempferol, wogonin, stigmasterol, luteolin, neobaicalein, etc. The main mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action is that it significantly inhibits the expression of JAK2/STAT-PI3K/AKT-NF-κB-TNF signaling pathway protein.

OBJECTIVE: To study the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the polysaccharide of Alocasia cucullata (PAC) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: B16F10 and 4T1 cells were cultured with PAC of 40 µg/mL, and PAC was withdrawn after 40 days of administration. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8. The expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot and the expressions of ERK1/2 mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A mouse melanoma model was established to study the effect of PAC during long-time administration. Mice were divided into 3 treatment groups: control group treated with saline water, positive control group (LNT group) treated with lentinan at 100 mg/(kg·d), and PAC group treated with PAC at 120 mg/(kg·d). The pathological changes of tumor tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The apoptosis of tumor tissues was detected by TUNEL staining. Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of ERK1/2, JNK1 and p38 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS: In vitro, no strong inhibitory effects of PAC were found in various tumor cells after 48 or 72 h of administration. Interestingly however, after 40 days of cultivation under PAC, an inhibitory effect on B16F10 cells was found. Correspondingly, the long-time administration of PAC led to downregulation of Bcl-2 protein (P<0.05), up-regulation of Caspase-3 protein (P<0.05) and ERK1 mRNA (P<0.05) in B16F10 cells. The above results were verified by in vivo experiments. In addition, viability of B16F10 cells under long-time administration culture in vitro decreased after drug withdrawal, and similar results were also observed in 4T1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Long-time administration of PAC can significantly inhibit viability and promote apoptosis of tumor cells, and had obvious antitumor effect in tumor-bearing mice.
Mice ; Animals ; Alocasia/metabolism* ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism*