PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the effects of a fast shock wave rate (120 shocks per minute) and a slow shock wave rate (60 shocks per minute) on the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate, patient's pain tolerance, and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 165 patients with radiopaque renal pelvis or upper ureter stones were included in the study. Patients were classified by use of a random numbers table. Group I (81 patients) received 60 shock waves per minute and group II (84 patients) received 120 shock waves per minute. For each session, the success rate, pain measurement, and complication rate were recorded. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed in the patients according to age, sex, body mass index, stone size, side, location, total energy level, or number of shocks. The success rate of the first session was greater in group I than in group II (p=0.002). The visual analogue pain scale was lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). The total number of sessions to success and the complication rate were significantly lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The success rate of SWL is dependent on the interval between the shock waves. If the time between the shock waves is short, the rate of lithotripsy success decreases, and the pain measurement score and complications increase. We conclude slow SWL is the optimal shock wave rate.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Lithotripsy ; Pain Measurement ; Prospective Studies ; Shock ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis

PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the effects of a fast shock wave rate (120 shocks per minute) and a slow shock wave rate (60 shocks per minute) on the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate, patient's pain tolerance, and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 165 patients with radiopaque renal pelvis or upper ureter stones were included in the study. Patients were classified by use of a random numbers table. Group I (81 patients) received 60 shock waves per minute and group II (84 patients) received 120 shock waves per minute. For each session, the success rate, pain measurement, and complication rate were recorded. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed in the patients according to age, sex, body mass index, stone size, side, location, total energy level, or number of shocks. The success rate of the first session was greater in group I than in group II (p=0.002). The visual analogue pain scale was lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). The total number of sessions to success and the complication rate were significantly lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The success rate of SWL is dependent on the interval between the shock waves. If the time between the shock waves is short, the rate of lithotripsy success decreases, and the pain measurement score and complications increase. We conclude slow SWL is the optimal shock wave rate.
Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Lithotripsy ; Pain Measurement ; Prospective Studies ; Shock ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi ; Urolithiasis

Conventional tests for the identification of mycobacteria may frequently result in erroneous identification and underestimate the diversity within the genus Mycobacterium. However, this problem can be overcome by molecular approach like as 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) or RNA polymerase gene (rpoB) sequence analysis. In this study, a molecular approach analyzing partial sequence of 16S rDNA and rpoB gene was applied to mycobacteria other than M tuberculosis (MOTT) isolates that had not been definitely identified by conventional physical and biochemical tests. Among the eighteen isolates included in this study, twelve isolates could be identified to the species level and six were identified to the complex level. Compared with the results by 16S rDNA analysis, the rpoB analysis could di6erentiate some of the strains into the subspecies level.
DNA, Ribosomal* ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Genes, rRNA ; Mycobacterium ; Sequence Analysis* ; Tuberculosis*

Recently, selective PCR method using DT1 and DT6 sequences was introduced to identify and differentiate the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) into M. intracellulare and M. avium. We applied this method to 49 MAC clinical isolates identified by biochemical tests. They were differentiated into 39 strains of M. intracelluare and 10 strains of M. avium. Compared to those results obtained by 16S rDNA sequencing, DT1-DT6 PCR method showed 100% specificity. While the sensitivity of DT6 PCR for M. avium was 100%, that of DT1 PCR for M. intracellulare was 84.6%. These results show heterogeneity of M intracellulare Korea clinical isolates from Korea. In conclusion, although the in-house DTl-DT6 PCR is an easy and convenient method in differentiating MAC members, other methods such as 16S rDNA sequencing analysis should be performed for the correct identification, especially of M intracellulare.
DNA, Ribosomal ; Korea* ; Mycobacterium avium Complex* ; Mycobacterium avium* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Population Characteristics ; Sensitivity and Specificity

A recent study showed that comparative sequence analysis of rpoB DNAs could reveal natural relationships in genus Mycobacterium [J Clin Microbiol. 37 (6). 1999]. rpoB DNAs showed interspecies variation and intraspecies conservation, Based on these data, we developed polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) protocols which enable species differentiation in genus Mycabacterium. When this assay was applied to 24 clinical isolates identified as M. avium complex (MAC) by biochemical test, these were successfully differentiated into M. avium and M. intracellulare. These results were concordant with those obtained by 16s rDNA analysis. It is the first report that PCR-SSCP analysis of rpoB DNA could be used for species differentiation of MAC strains.
DNA* ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Mycobacterium avium Complex* ; Mycobacterium avium* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational* ; Sequence Analysis

Botryomycosis is a rare, chronic and suppurative di- sease that is often mistaken clinically and histologically for a fungal infection, because the histologic feature shows a cluster of bacteria found within an eosinophilic matrix or capsule, giving the appearance of granules mimicking the sulfur granules of actinomycosis. Staphy- lococcus aureus is the most common organism cultured from lesions of botryomycosis, but other bacteria have also been isolated and implicated, including Psudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Proteus spp., Bacillus spp.. In some case, multiple pathogenic bacteria were found on cul ture. This disease has two patterns of organ involve ment. The more common type is cutaneous type, which involves the skin, subcutaneous soft tissue, muscle and bone. The other is visceral type which involves the lungs, liver, tongue, orbit, bowel, brain, kidney or pros tate. We report a case of brain and pulmonary botry omycosis in a 60 year-old man, who have early lung cancer. Botryomycosis was diagnosed by brain mass removal, PCNA and bronchoscopy, and lung cancer was detected incidentally by bronchoscope. The patient was treated with the Penicillin G after operation of brain mass, and right pneumonectomy was done.
Actinomycosis ; Bacillus ; Bacteria ; Brain ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Middle Aged ; Oceans and Seas ; Orbit ; Penicillin G ; Pneumonectomy ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Proteus ; Skin ; Sulfur ; Tongue

A perplexing developmental error is 46,XX congenital absence of vagina ( Mayer-Rokitan-sky-Kster-Hauser syndrome, Mullerian dysgenesis, vaginal aplasia ). The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser syndrome refers to the climical entity consisting of primary amenorrhea associated with congenital absence of the vagina, 46,XX karyototype, a rudimentary uterus or complete absense, normal overian function and normal ovulation, normal female breast development, body proprotion and body hair, frequent association of renal, skeletal and other cpngenital anomalies. This syndrome results from agenesis of both Mllerian ducts or from a failure of the Mllerian ducts to estavlish a proper communication with that part of the vagina from the urogenital sinus. A case of mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser syndrom was reviewed briefly.
Amenorrhea ; Breast ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Ovulation ; Uterus ; Vagina

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome(HPS) is a systemic disease that is caused by a newly discorved and characterized virus of the Hantavirus genus, which is most frequently referred to as the sin nombre virus. The clinical syndrome resembles other hantavirus syndromes worldwide, except that it is characterized by a brief prodromal illness followed by rapidly progressive, noncardiogenic edema, and that it is more deadly than any previously recognized hantavirus infection. The clinical manifestations of HPS are characterized by four clinical phases prodrome, pulmonary edema and shock, diuresis, and convalescence. Mortality is greatest in the first 24 hours of the pulmonary edema and shock phase of the illness. These phases are strikingly similar to the clinical phases of Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) induced by Hantaan virus, except that HPS has not been associated with renal failure and Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). We here report a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome developed in a 58 year-old man. He had a flu-like illness followed by the rapid onset of respiratory failure due to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. HPS was diagnosed by clinical manifestations, identification of high titer antibody to Hantaan virus antigen and histologic finding of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen. The patient was treated with mechanical ventilation and initial corticosteroid pulse therapy resulting in successful outcome.
Biopsy ; Convalescence ; Diuresis ; Edema ; Fever ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome* ; Hantavirus* ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Shock ; Sin Nombre virus

No abstract available.
Pancreatitis*

No abstract available.
Transplants