Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing from 2019 to 2023, in order to provide a scientific basis for interventions targeting high risk groups. Methods: From 2019 to 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 88 927 junior and senior high school students from 16 districts in Beijing. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was conducted to assess depressive symptoms. The Chi square test was used to compare the detection rates of depressive symptoms among different student groups, and the trend Chi square test was employed for trend analysis of detection rates across the years. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the association between the detection of depressive symptoms and related factors among junior and senior high school students. Results: From 2019 to 2023, the prevalence rates of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Beijing were 20.45%, 18.19%, 16.64%, 17.89% and 18.17%, respectively, with an overall downward trend ( χ 2 trend =27.51, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for gender, monitoring year, educational stage,family structure,boarding status and has taken a medical leave of absence in the past year unhealthy dietary behaviors ( OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.73-1.87), physical inactivity ( OR=1.24, 95%CI =1.19-1.29), try smoking ( OR=1.46, 95%CI =1.35-1.58), try alcohol( OR=1.96, 95%CI =1.88-2.05), Internet addiction ( OR=3.88, 95%CI =3.57-4.22), and adverse ear related behavior ( OR=1.82, 95%CI =1.71-1.93) were all associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students (all P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2019 to 2023. Targeted interventions should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms among junior and senior high school students.

Objective: To understand the trends of classroom lighting and illumination of primary and secondary schools in Beijing from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a scientific basis for targeted improvement measures. Methods: A sampling survey was conducted on the lighting and illumination indicators of 8 390 classrooms in primary and secondary schools in Beijing from 2016 to 2023. The survey included classroom daylight factor, window to floor area ratio, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on the desks, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on blackboards, as well as classroom lighting and blackboard illumination sources. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Chi square test, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the trend of classroom lighting and illumination changes. Results: Except the window to floor area ratio, the measured values and compliance rates of all lighting and illumination indicators showed an overall upward trend from 2016 to 2023 (daylight factor r = 0.27, χ 2 trend =206.80, average illuminance on the desk surface r =0.30, χ 2 trend =87.97, illuminance uniformity on the desk surface r =0.14, χ 2 trend =73.59, average illuminance on the blackboard r =0.33, χ 2 trend =477.43, illuminance uniformity on the blackboard r = 0.09, χ 2 trend =50.76) (all P ＜0.01). The lighting and illumination indicators of classrooms (included classroom daylight factor, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on the desks, average illuminance and illuminance uniformity on blackboards) in urban schools, primary schools, and secondary schools from 2016 to 2023 showed an upward trend (urban r =0.23-0.40, χ 2 trend =88.66-392.18; primary school r =0.12-0.36, χ 2 trend =39.50-281.44; secondary schools r =0.06-0.31, χ 2 trend =11.79-213.73) (all P ＜ 0.01 ). The illuminance uniformity on the blackboard in suburban schools showed a downward trend ( r = -0.09, χ 2 trend =31.53, both P ＜0.01). The illuminance uniformity on the desk surface in suburban schools showed no significant change ( r =0.03, χ 2 trend =1.23, both P ＞0.05). The other indicators showed an upward trend (daylight factor r =0.28, χ 2 trend =40.69, average illuminance on the desk surface r =0.24, χ 2 trend =16.35, average illuminance on the blackboard r =0.25, χ 2 trend =118.05, all P ＜0.01). The trends of classroom and blackboard illumination sources were that fluorescent lamps decreased year by year and LED lamps increased by year (classroom illumination sources χ 2 trend =1 059.82, blackboard illumination sources χ 2 trend =1 070.25, both P ＜0.01). Conclusions The classroom lighting and illumination in primary and secondary schools in Beijing has shown an overall improving trend from 2016 to 2023. However, problems remain, such as limited improvement of illuminance uniformity indicators, late start and poor effect of reconstruction in suburban schools. Further improvements are still needed.

To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Qin-Zhu-Liang-Xue decoction (QZLX) in atopic dermatitis (AD) and glucocorticoid resistance, we conducted a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this concoction. Network pharmacology analysis was performed and validated through clinical studies. The efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action of QZLX and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) α recombinant protein were assessed in AD mice induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Correlation analysis was performed to determine the clinical relevance of GRα. The trial demonstrated that patients who received QZLX showed considerable improvements in their Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores compared with those who received mizolastine at week 4. Network pharmacological analysis identified GRα as a key target for QZLX in AD treatment. QZLX administration increased the serum GRα expression in AD patients, alleviated AD symptoms in mice, decreased inflammatory cytokine expression, and increased GRα expression without affecting liver or kidney function. In addition, GRα recombinant protein improved AD-like skin lesions in DNFB-induced mice. A negative correlation was observed between GRα expression and clinical parameters, including SCORAD, DLQI, and serum IgE levels. QZLX alleviates AD symptoms through the upregulation of GRα and thus presents a novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention of glucocorticoid resistance in AD management.
Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy* ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Humans ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Single-Blind Method ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Purpose To investigate the difference of cerebral blood flow between sleep deprivation and rest wakefulness.Materials and Methods Fifty subjects were recruited from universities in Xi'an from October 2020 to December 2021.The psychomotor vigilance test(PVT)task was used to measure sustained attention.Arterial spin labeling technique was used to analyze and compare the relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF)between sleep deprivation and rest wakefulness.The correlation between altered rCBF of specific brain regions and PVT task performance after sleep deprivation was analyzed.Results Compared with rest wakefulness,rCBF in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal lobe,bilateral parietal lobule,left orbital middle frontal gyrus,bilateral middle temporal gyrus,right posterior central gyrus,and bilateral angular gyrus was significantly decreased after sleep deprivation.The rCBF of bilateral thalamus,left precuneus,right medial prefrontal lobe,left posterior cingulate gyrus,and left inferior temporal gyrus was significantly increased(FDR corrected,P<0.05,cluster size≥20 voxels).The changes of rCBF in left dorsolateral prefrontal lobe and right parietal lobule were significantly negatively correlated with the PVT task performance(r=-0.56,P<0.001;r=-0.64,P<0.001),and the change of rCBF of left precuneus was significantly positively correlated with the PVT task performance(r=0.72,P<0.001).Conclusion The abnormal changes of CBF in default mode network,frontoparietal network-related brain regions and thalamic may be the important neural mechanism of sustained attentional decline after sleep deprivation.

Objective:To investigate the differences in clinical features and imaging findings of cirrhotic patients with fundic varices between gastroesophageal varices type 2 (GOV2) and isolated fundic varices type 1 (IGV1).Methods:Clinical and imaging data of cirrhotic patients with fundic varices treated in Union Hospital, Tonji Medical Colloge, of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from October 2013 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 210 patients were enrolled, including 139 patients of GOV2 (GOV2 group) and 71 patients of IGV1 (IGV1 group). Blood routine examination results showed that the median value of hemoglobin in GOV2 group was lower than that in IGV1 group(91.00 g/L VS 112.00 g/L, P<0.05). The incidence of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) in GOV2 group was higher than that in IGV1 group [20.14% (28/139) VS 5.63% (4/71), P<0.05]. The incidence of peptic ulcer was lower in GOV2 group than that in IGV1 group [12.23% (17/139) VS 38.03% (27/71), P<0.05]. The median diameter of portal veins in GOV2 group was larger than that in IGV1 group (15.09 mm VS 12.85 mm, P<0.05), and the volume of gastric fundus varices in GOV2 group was smaller than that in IGV1 group (2.14 mL VS 10.00 mL, P<0.05). The proportion of afferent veins in left gastric vein in GOV2 group was higher than that in IGV1 group [98.43% (125/127) VS 77.78% (42/54), P<0.05], and the median diameter of left gastric vein in GOV2 group was larger than that in IGV1 group (5.58 mm VS 4.53 mm, P<0.05). The efferent vessels mainly included gastrorenal shunt and splenorenal shunt. The incidences of gastrorenal shunt [27.56% (35/127) VS 66.67% (36/54)] and splenirenal shunt [12.60% (16/127) VS 25.93% (14/54)] in GOV2 group were lower than those in IGV1 group ( both P<0.05). The incidences of venae parumbilicales vein [38.58% (49/127) VS 12.96% (7/54)] and retroperitoneal collateral shunt [30.71% (39/127) VS 11.11% (6/54)] in GOV2 group were higher than those in IGV1 group (both P<0.05). Conclusion:There is significant heterogeneity in clinical features and imaging findings between cirrhotic patients complicated with GOV2 and IGV1. Recognizing and understanding the differences between the two types of patients is beneficial to taking appropriate clinical measures and improving patient prognosis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of multi-disciplinary single center's CCCG-HB-2016 regimen in the treatment of hepatoblastoma (HB) in children.Methods:Clinical data of 36 HB patients treated with CCCG-HB-2016 program from Aug 2016 to March 2020 were analyzed.Results:These 36 patients included 20 boys and 16 girls. The serum AFP was all higher than 2 792 ng/ml,there was a correlation between AFP and tumor risk stratification ( H=14.973, P<0.05). Twenty eight cases (77.78%) were epithelial type and 8 cases (22.22%) were mixed epithelial mesenchymal type.All children were treated by tumor resection combined with chemotherapy, and there was a correlation between tumor risk stratification and surgical resection of liver lobe ( H=8.847, P<0.05). The probability of bone marrow suppression in the low-risk group was 58.33% (35/60),that in the intermediate-risk group was 73.49% (61/83) and in the high-risk group was 80.23% (69/86).All 36 cases were followed up to March 31, 2020,with an average follow-up of 21.9 months and the median survival was 22.5 months.The overall survival rate (OS) and event-free survival rate (EFS) were 97.2% and 83.3% respectively. Conclusions:The multidisciplinary CCCG-HB-2016 regimen was with a high success rate and along with a high incidence of bone marrow suppression.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and establish a corresponding prognostic scoring model in patients with early-stage clinical features of hepatitis B-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF).Methods:Clinical characteristics of 725 cases with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic hepatic dysfunction (HBV-ACHD) were retrospectively analyzed using Chinese group on the study of severe hepatitis B (COSSH). The independent risk factors associated with 90-day prognosis to establish a prognostic scoring model was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression, and was validated by 500 internal and 390 external HBV-ACHD patients.Results:Among 725 cases with HBV-ACHD, 76.8% were male, 96.8% had cirrhosis base,66.5% had complications of ascites, 4.1% had coagulation failure in respect to organ failure, and 9.2% had 90-day mortality rate. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TBil, WBC and ALP were the best predictors of 90-day mortality rate in HBV-ACHD patients. The established scoring model was COSS-HACHADs = 0.75 × ln(WBC) + 0.57 × ln(TBil)-0.94 × ln(ALP) +10. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of subjects was significantly higher than MELD, MELD-Na, CTP and CLIF-C ADs( P < 0.05). An analysis of 500 and 390 cases of internal random selection group and external group had similar verified results. Conclusion:HBV-ACHD patients are a group of people with decompensated cirrhosis combined with small number of organ failure, and the 90-day mortality rate is 9.2%. COSSH-ACHDs have a higher predictive effect on HBV-ACHD patients' 90-day prognosis, and thus provide evidence-based medicine for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the establishment,operation and performance of external quality assessment(EQA) system for microbial morphology and detection of special drug-resistance in clinical laboratory,and explore the value of the developed system in clinical application.Methods The pictures of known bacteria and fungi colony,gram staining and acid-fast staining from clinical microbiology were distributed to the participating laboratories in Gansu province twice a year at regular intervals.The pictures of standard knowledge points from CLSI,such as special drug resistance were distributed simultaneously.All the participating laboratories were required to complete the interpretation for the pictures and report their resuhs in a scheduled time.Then the resuhs were summarized and analyzed as 3 modes:complete consistency,general consistency and non-consistency.Results During the 2 years when the EQA system for microbial morphology and detection of special drug-resistance were performed for 24 times,the rate of annual complete consistency increased year by year and reached to 91.3％ in 2015.Conclusion The EQA system based on the examinations of microbial morphology and CLSI standard knowledge points for clinical laboratory may supervise the staff of clinical microbiology laboratories in the hospitals at second grade or above to master the skills of morphological identification and learn CLSI knowledge points,so their professional skills of clinical microbiology could be comprehensively improved.

OBJECTIVE: To explore role of Nods (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain Nod Like receptors) kind of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) in patients with allergic rhinitis. METHOD: The mRNA and protein of Nod1, Nod2 of Nalp3 were analyzed in the turbinate mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis, nasal septum deviation (NSD) nasal mucosa of patients and nasal polyp mucosa with Real-Time RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry respectively, and Nod1 expression changes was explored in PBMC with wad explored Western-blot and then the level of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ were detected in serum of AR after desensitization treatment. RESULT: These Nods like receptors, mainly found in nasal mucosa epithelial cells, glandular epithelium and inflammatory cells (e. g. plasma cells, eosinophils), were expressed in the nasal mucosa tissues. In AR group, Nod1 (mRNA and protein) expression were lower than NSD group (P<0.05), Nalp3 expression were higher than (P<0.05), while, there was no significant difference of Nod2 (mRNA and protein) between groups. After 6 months desensitization therapy, the change of Nod1 in PBMC was negatively correlated with the change of IL-10 in the peripheral blood, r=-0.88, P<0.05; while, change of Nod1 was positively correlated, with the change of IL-6, r=0.57, P>0.05. CONCLUSION Nod1, Nod2 and Nalp3 expression were seen in the two groups,and the Nod1 expression in allergic rhinitis group was lower than other two groups, while, the Nalp3 was higher than other two groups. It showed Nod1, Nalp3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Expression of Nod1 in PBMC reduced after sublingual desensitization treatment. Besides, the change of Nod1 was negatively correlated with the change of IL-10 in PBMC. So,it seemed that Nod1 may regulate IL-10 changes and be involved in sublingual desensitization therapy.
Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; metabolism ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; metabolism ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; metabolism ; Turbinates ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and role of a new pattern-recognition receptors (PRR), nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (Nod) like receptors (NLRs), in the patients with nasal polyps and nasal septum normal control group. METHOD: The expressions of Nod1, Nod2 and Nalp3 mRNA and protein were explored with real-time RT-PCR, Western-Blot and immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULT: The protein levels of Nod1, Nod2 and Nalp3 were expressed in nasal polyp and the control, but the expression of Nod1 and Nalp3 in nasal polyps were higher than those in control. No significant difference of Nod2 was seen between the two groups. And then, there was no significant difference of Nod1, Nod2, Nalp3 mRNA between two groups with Real-time RT-PCR. CONCLUSION The expression of Nod1 and Nalp3 are increased in nasal polyp tissues and maybe a etiological factors in the formation of nasal polyps.
Adult ; Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; metabolism ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; metabolism ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; metabolism