Lung adenocarcinoma is a prevalent histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with different morphologic and molecular features that are critical for prognosis and treatment planning. In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, its application in the study of pathological subtypes and gene expression of lung adenocarcinoma has gained widespread attention. This paper reviews the research progress of machine learning and deep learning in pathological subtypes classification and gene expression analysis of lung adenocarcinoma, and some problems and challenges at the present stage are summarized and the future directions of artificial intelligence in lung adenocarcinoma research are foreseen.

【Objective】 To prepare liposomes encapsulate hemoglobin and paclitaxel(LEHP)to improve tumor hypoxia resistance. 【Methods】 LEHP were prepared by thin-film method, and the particle size, Zeta potential and polydispersity were investigated by nanoparticle size analyzer, and encapsulation efficiency was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography, and the interaction between the liposomes and tumor cells was evaluated by in vitro cell experiments. 【Results】 The optimal preparation conditions of LEHP was as follows: total phospholipid 36 mM, DPPC∶Dope∶cholesterol molar ratio 7∶2∶1, paclitaxel 3 mg, hydrated with 3 mg·mL^-1 Hb-PBS for 30 min at room temperature; The average particle size was (189.17±8.22) nm, polydispersity was 0.14±0.023, paclitaxel encapsulation efficiency was (58.27±2.55)%, hemoglobin content was (0.63±0.05) mg·mL^-1. In vitro cell experiments, the killing effect of LEHP was about 1.5 times that of LEP, about 1.2 times that of LEP, and ROS production was about 1.8 times that of LEP. 【Conclusion】 The preparation conditions of LEHP was optimized, and cell experiments showed that LEHP can promote tumor cell apoptosis by improving hypoxia and increasing ROS production, which is expected to provide a safe and effective new method for drug resistance caused by tumor hypoxia.

The prevalence of gouty arthritis is increasing year by year.Acute attacks seriously affect work and life.Poor control of chronic recurrent attacks may lead to teratogenicity and disability.Targeted reduction of serum uric acid levels and crystallolysis is the key to gout treatment.Although its treatment guidelines are relatively complete and drug choices are relatively wide,the clinical effect is still not satisfactory.This review focuses on the molecular and cytopathological mechanisms behind the clinical manifestations of acute attack and spontaneous remission of gouty arthritis,so as to further understand the necessity of standardized clinical medica-tion and explore its potential treatment strategies.

The development of targeted oral drugs that can stably treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still a clinical problem to be solved. In recent years, studies have confirmed that sphingosine⁃1⁃phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor pathway can regulate lymphocyte homing and immune regulation, inhibit intestinal inflammation, protect intestinal endothelial barrier, and affect intestinal microbial metabolism, which may play a key role in the treatment of IBD. This article reviewed the effect of S1P/S1P receptor pathway on IBD and its potential mechanism.

Tinnitus refers to the perception of abnormal sound in the absence of external sound stimulation. It can have an impact on a person's mood, memory, attention, and mental state, although the mechanism of tinnitus is still unclear. In recent years, the research on the central neural mechanism of tinnitus has attracted the attention of scholars.Functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）,as an effective imaging technology, has been actively employed in this field. This paper provides a systematic summary of studies on the central neural mechanism of tinnitus by fMRI in recent years,revealed the changes of functional connections among tinnitus-related neural networks,such as auditory network,limbic system,default mode network and salience network. The central neural mechanism of tinnitus involves multiple networks that interact with each other. By understanding this mechanism, we hope to develop more targeted prevention and treatment strategies to help patients alleviate long-term tinnitus.
Humans ; Tinnitus/diagnostic imaging* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Attention

Objective To construct a COVID-19 CT image classification model based on lightweight RG DenseNet.Methods A RG-DenseNet model was constructed by adding channel and spatial attention modules to DenseNet121 for minimizing the interference of irrelevant features,and replacing Bottleneck module in DenseNet with pre-activated RG beneck2 module for reducing model parameters while maintaining accuracy as much as possible.The model performance was verified with 3-category classification experiments on the COVIDx CT-2A dataset.Results RG-DenseNet had an accuracy,precision,recall rate,specificity,and F1-score of 98.93%,98.70%,98.97%,99.48%,and 98.83%,respectively.Conclusion Compared with the original model DenseNet121,RG-DenseNet reduces the number of parameters and the computational complexity by 92.7%,while maintaining an accuracy reduction of only 0.01%,demonstrating a significant lightweight effect and high practical application value.

OBJECTIVES: Safe and effective anticoagulation is essential for hemodialysis patients who are at high risk of bleeding. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of two-stage regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) combined with sequential anticoagulation and standard calcium-containing dialysate in intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) treatment. METHODS: Patients at high risk of bleeding who underwent IHD from September 2019 to May 2021 were prospectively enrolled in 13 blood purification centers of nephrology departments, and were randomly divided into RCA group and saline flushing group. In the RCA group, 0.04 g/mL sodium citrate was infused from the start of the dialysis line during blood draining and at the venous expansion chamber. The sodium citrate was stopped after 3 h of dialysis, which was changed to sequential dialysis without anticoagulant. The hazard ratios for coagulation were according to baseline. RESULTS: A total of 159 patients and 208 sessions were enrolled, including RCA group (80 patients, 110 sessions) and saline flushing group (79 patients, 98 sessions). The incidence of severe coagulation events of extracorporeal circulation in the RCA group was significantly lower than that in the saline flushing group (3.64% vs. 20.41%, P<0.001). The survival time of the filter pipeline in the RCA group was significantly longer than that in the saline flushing group ((238.34±9.33) min vs. (221.73±34.10) min, P<0.001). The urea clearance index (Kt/V) in the RCA group was similar to that in the saline flushing group with no statistically significant difference (1.12±0.34 vs. 1.08±0.34, P=0.41). CONCLUSIONS Compared with saline flushing, the two-stage RCA combined with a sequential anticoagulation strategy significantly reduced extracorporeal circulation clotting events and prolonged the dialysis time without serious adverse events.
Humans ; Citric Acid/adverse effects* ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium Citrate ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced* ; Citrates/adverse effects* ; Anticoagulants/adverse effects* ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects*

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of surgical clipping ruptured posterior communicating artery aneurysms (PCoAA) originating from fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (FPCA) via lateral supraorbital approach and the influencing factors of the outcomes.Methods:Patients with ruptured PCoAA originating from FPCA underwent surgical clipping via lateral supraorbital approach in the Cerebrovascular Center of Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. The Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to evaluate the outcomes of patients at 6 months after operation. 4-5 points were defined as good outcome, and 1-3 points were defined as poor outcome. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for poor outcomes. Results:A total of 119 patients were enrolled, including 98 females (82.35%), aged 61.59±11.52 years old (range 32-78 years). Thirty patients (25.21%) had poor outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [ OR] 2.935, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 2.117-5.391; P=0.012), hypertension ( OR 2.016, 95% CI 1.568-4.335; P=0.023), Hunt-Hess grade ( OR 2.408, 95% CI 1.326-5.068; P<0.001), modified Fisher grade ( OR 3.034, 95% CI 2.201-5.517; P<0.001), aneurysm size ( OR 1.793, 95% CI 1.427-2.622; P=0.009), preoperative intracranial hematoma volume ( OR 1.246, 95% CI 1.055-2.153; P=0.011) and surgical timing ( OR 2.152, 95% CI 1.316-3.240; P=0.006) were the independent risk factors for poor outcomes of the patients. Conclusions:Surgical clipping via lateral supraorbital approach can effectively treat the ruptured PcoAA with FPCA. Patients with age >65 years, with a history of hypertension, high Hunt-Hess grade, high modified Fisher grade, aneurysms >7.65 mm, preoperative intracranial hematoma volume >19.02 ml, and late surgery need to strengthen postoperative management to improve outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the effect of microinvasive craniopuncture scavenging technique(MPST) in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and its influence on the expression of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and neuron specific enolase (NSE).Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, 60 cases with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in Lanxi People's Hospital of Zhejiang province were divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) according to the digital table method.The control group was treated with conventional therapy, while the observation group was treated with MPST on the basis of the control group.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared, and the changes of Barthel index (BI) score, NIHSS score, perihematoma edema, MMP-9, IL-8 and NSE levels were compared.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group(93.33%) was higher than that in the control group (70.00%) (χ 2=5.455, P<0.05). The BI score[(60.19±5.87)points] of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[(49.83±4.56)points], while the NIHSS score[(7.93±1.42)points] was lower than that of the control group[(12.87±2.10)points]( t=7.634, 10.673, all P<0.05). The amount of edema around hematoma in the observation group [(6.20±1.27)mL] was lower than that in the control group [(9.83±1.76)mL] ( t=9.161, P<0.05). The levels of MMP-9 [(103.24±17.38)μg/L], IL-8 [(137.28±25.46)μg/L] and NSE [(8.98±2.16)μg/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(168.39±15.42)μg/L, (195.31±39.71)μg/L and (13.13±2.63)μg/L] ( t=15.358, 6.738 and 6.679, all P<0.05). Conclusion:MPST is effective in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and it can reduce the serum levels of MMP-9, IL-8 and NSE.

Objective:To investigate the effect of edaravone combined with early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosal barrier function and inflammatory factors in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, 80 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma admitted to Lanxi People's Hospital were divided into observation group(40 cases) and control group(40 cases) according to the random digital table method.The control group was given early enteral nutrition treatment, and the observation group was treated with edaravone on the basis of the control group.The course of treatment in both two groups was 4 weeks.Glasgow coma index(GCS), intracranial pressure, NIHSS, intestinal mucosal barrier function and inflammatory factors before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The GCS score of the observation group[(12.32±1.02)points] was higher than that of the control group[(9.87±1.45)points], while the intracranial pressure[(169.84±10.19)mmH 2O] and NIHSS score[(10.73±1.98)points]of the observation group were lower than those of the control group [(203.24±15.69)mmH 2O and (16.52±3.07)points], the differences were statistically significant( t=8.740, 11.291, 10.024, all P<0.05). The levels of DAO [(0.64±0.12)U/L], endotoxin [(2.54±0.48)U/mL] and D-lactate [(3.64±1.09)μg/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(1.32±0.30)U/L, (3.64±0.61)U/mL and (5.73±1.18)μg/L] ( t=13.310, 8.963, 8.229, all P<0.05). The levels of IL-6[(27.39±5.64)pg/L], hs-CRP[(10.38±3.24)mg/L] and TNF-α[(7.83±1.79)μg/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(39.98±9.97)pg/L, (15.64±3.19)mg/L and (13.24±3.21)μg/L] ( t=6.951, 7.317, 9.310, all P<0.05). The good prognosis rate of the observation group(80.00%) was higher than that of the control group(57.00%)(χ 2=4.713, P<0.05). Conclusion:Edaravone combined with early enteral nutrition has good effect on the patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.It can improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function, reduce the inflammatory response and improve the prognosis.