Renal fibrosis is a devastating consequence of progressive chronic kidney disease,representing a major public health challenge worldwide.The underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis remain unclear,and effective treatments are still lacking.Renal tubular epithelial cells(RTECs)maintain kidney function,and their dysfunction has emerged as a critical contributor to renal fibrosis.Cellular quality control comprises several components,including telomere homeostasis,ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS),autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis(mitophagy and mitochondrial metabolism),endoplasmic reticulum(ER,unfolded protein response),and lysosomes.Failures in the cellular quality control of RTECs,including DNA,protein,and organelle damage,exert profibrotic functions by leading to senescence,defective autophagy,ER stress,mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction,apoptosis,fibro-blast activation,and immune cell recruitment.In this review,we summarize recent advances in un-derstanding the role of quality control components and intercellular crosstalk networks in RTECs,within the context of renal fibrosis.

Purpose: We aimed to identify effectiveness-associated indicators and evaluate the optimal tumor reduction rate (TRR) after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective case-control study included patients who underwent at least four cycles of NAC at the Department of Breast Surgery between February 2013 and February 2020. A regression nomogram model for predicting pathological responses was constructed based on potential indicators. Results: A total of 784 patients were included, of whom 170 (21.68%) reported pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC and 614 (78.32%) had residual invasive tumors. The clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR were identified as independent predictors of pCR. Patients with a TRR > 35% were more likely to achieve pCR (odds ratio, 5.396; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.299–8.825). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted using the probability value, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.892 (95% CI, 0.863–0.922). Conclusion TRR > 35% is predictive of pCR after two cycles of NAC, and an early evaluation model using a nomogram based on five indicators, age, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, molecular subtype, and TRR, is applicable in patients with invasive breast cancer.

Objective:To explore the occurrence of symptoms in postoperative patients with oral cancer, and to explore the types and number of symptom groups.Methods:The Anderson symptom assessment scale for head and neck cancer was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 345 patients after oral cancer surgery. The results of two exploratory factor analysis methods were compared, and the cluster analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were combined to determine the symptom group of patients after oral cancer surgery.Results:There were 4 symptom groups in patients with oral cancer, including oral and pharynx symptoms group, dietary and digestive symptoms group, gastrointestinal and emotional symptoms group, and rest activity symptoms group.Conclusions:There are many symptom groups that affect the life of patients with oral cancer in the rehabilitation process after surgery, so the medical staff should carry out targeted intervention mode to achieve better intervention effect.

Objective:To investigate the symptoms of patients with oral cancer during treatment, and explore the types of symptom groups and their correlation with quality of life.Methods:Totally 201 patients with oral cancer after surgery were selected as the subject from a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital using convenient sampling and investigated with the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for Head and Neck cancer (MDASI-HN) and University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) , and explore the relationship between them.Results:Totally 189 patients completed the questionnaire. Patients with oral cancer showed many symptoms during the progression and treatment of the disease. Serious symptoms included swallowing, chewing and speaking. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three symptom groups, namely, oral and throat symptom group, drowsiness-digestive tract symptom group, and fatigue-respiratory symptom group. The scores of different dimensions and the total scores of quality of life were negatively correlated with the total scores of the three symptom groups ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There are multiple symptom groups in patients with oral cancer during postoperative rehabilitation, which seriously affect their quality of life. Medical workers should grasp this characteristic, evaluate symptoms in time, actively manage symptom groups, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective: To explore the basic conditions and postoperative quality of life in patients undergoing oral vestibular thyroid surgery. Methods: A total of 128 patients undergoing oral vestibular thyroid surgery were enrolled in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery from March 2015 to April 2018. On the basis of routine thyroid tumor care, we used telephone, WeChat public platform, WeChat group, QQ, and Email. Questionnaires such as information technology and clinic review. Correlation analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: According to the analysis of SPSS statistical software, the postoperative recovery of the patients is good, and more than 95% of the patients have the feeling of "no" or "a little" for symptoms, and 91.8% (102/111) and 93.6% (104/111) of the patients have the perception of the general health status and life quality of the patients in the past 1 week respectively. Analysis of variance of postoperative life quality of patients, postoperative regression post was significantly correlated with postoperative social cognition, insomnia and economic difficulties of patients. The education level, occupation, marital status and family income of the patients all had significant influences on the postoperative economic status of the patients, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.66-4.74, P<0.05). In the regression analysis of patients′ life quality, emotional function and physical function were independent risk factors affecting patients′ life quality, with statistical significance (t=-2.072, -5.564, P < 0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy via oral vestibule has the advantages of good effect, beautiful appearance and high quality of life, which is worth popularizing and applying.

Objective: To explore the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 expression at gene and enzyme activity levels in the peripheral blood monocyte cells in coke oven workers, and to provide a certain basis for the biological monitoring of health damage in coke oven workers. Methods: We surveyed 118 coke oven workers and 63 controls (energy power workers in the same company) using self-designed questionnaire, determined their post-shift urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Py) concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detector method. We also isolated the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from fasting venous blood, and detected DNA damage using comet assay, CYP1A1 mRNA level using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR), and EROD activity using spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses including one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the association of urinary 1-OH-Py and CYP1A1 mRNA level and EROD activity. Results: Compared to the control group, the urinary 1-OH-Py concentration and PBMC DNA tail moment were significantly increased in coke oven workers (P<0.05), and CYP1A1 gene level and EROD activity in PBMC were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that a ten-fold increase of urinary 1-OH-Pycon centration was associated with a decrease of 0.77 (95%CI: -1.33--0.21) in CYP1A1 gene level, and a decline of 0.15 (95%CI: -0.76--0.16) in EROD activity of PBMC in coke oven workers (P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational PAHs exposure induced DNA damage, which was associated with the decreased level in CYP1A1 gene cavel and EROD activity in PBMC of coke oven workers.

Objective To compare the effects of Huiru Yizeng granules Huiru yizeng original decoctin on hyperplasia of mammary glands with hyperprolactinemia in serum and pathological morphology of mammary glands tissue.Methods Seventy rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:normal control group,model control group,Huiru yizeng granules group,Huiru yizeng original decoctin group,Rubisanjie group,bromocriptine group and accessories group.After sucessfully modeling hyperplasia of mammary glandsin rats with hyperprolactinemia,Huiru yizeng granules group was administrated 17.22 g·kg-1·d-1,Huiru yizeng original decoctin group was administrated 20.08 g·kg-1·d-1,Rubi sanjie group was administrated 0.416 mg·kg-1·d-1,bromocriptine group was administrated 0.393 mg·kg-1·d-1.These groups were intragastric administration 2 mL every day for 30 consecutive days.The morphology of pathological tissue in mammary gland was observed by microscope.The levels of prolactin(PRL),progesterone(P),estradiol(E2) were determined by ELISA kit.Results Compared with the model group,Huiru yizeng granules group[PRL=(22.74±4.74) pg·mL-1,P=(46.91±2.85) ng·mL-1,E2=(99.96±9.61) pg·mL-1],Huiru yizeng original decoction group[PRL=(28.41±6.37) pg·mL-1,P=(43.91±4.17) ng·mL-1,E2=(105.02±3.05) pg·mL-1] and bromocriptine group[PRL=(23.58±4.10) pg·mL-1,P=(45.99±2.95) ng·mL-1,E2=(98.04±9.98) pg·mL-1]showed significant decrease in PRL,E2 levels,obvious increase in P(P<0.01).In Huiru yizeng granules group,Huiru yizeng original decoction group and bromocriptine group,PRL,P,and E2 returned to normal level after 30 days,and hyperplasia of mammary glands tissue had great ease.Huiru yizeng original decoction group was Ⅰ to Ⅱ hyperplasia,and Huiru yizeng granules group was 0 or Ⅰ hyperplasia.Compared with each other,the effect of Huiru yizeng granules on the mammary gland proliferation inhibition was superior to Huiru yizeng original decoction group.Conclusion On the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands and hyperprolactinemia,Huiru yizeng granules were better than Huiru yizeng original decoction.

Objective To optimize the technological conditions of polysaccharide purification from compound Qianyu water decoction. Methods Water extraction and alcohol precipitation, resolution, Sevag method and dialysis method were used to purify polysaccharide.The purity of polysaccharide was measured with the phenol-sulfuric acid spectrophotometry.On the basis of single factor test, effects of redissolved solid-liquid ratio, number of protein removal, and dialytic time on polysaccharide purity of Qianyu were investigated by orthogonal test. Results The best conditions for purification of polysaccharide in Qianyu were as follows: liquid-solid ratio was 1:40(g/mL, W/V), remove protein for 10 times, and dialysis for 18 h.The content of polysaccharide could reach 69.04%, and the transfer rate was 51.84%. Conclusion The optimized purification process was simple and accurate.It can be used for polysaccharide purification in compound Qianyu water decoction.

OBJECTIVETo detect the content of the basic fibroblast growth factor in blood samples of patients with Moyamoya disease, and investigate the relationship between Moyamoya disease and the basic fibroblast growth factor.

METHODSThis tissue microarray study included 24 cases of superficial temporal artery samples, 15 cases of Moyamoya disease, and 9 cases of normal arteries as control, and bFGF immunofluorescence assay was applied to test the samples. The number of positive cells and total cells of the muscular layer and the endothelium layer were counted separately in every picture, the positive rates were calculated, and the experimental data were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSThe bFGF immunofluorescence staining of smooth muscular layer cells, intima cells and endothelial cells from the moyamoya disease group were obviously stronger than that from the control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe enhancement expression of bFGF in the Moyamaya disease group implicates that bFGF plays an important part in the pathogenesis of Moyamoya disease.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; China ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; blood ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moyamoya Disease ; blood ; Tissue Array Analysis ; Young Adult

Objective To explor the antioxidant effects of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) for asthma and its mechanism.Methods Thirty two months old healthy male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups,all of them were feed under the same management condition.Asthmatic group,refering to Huston′s research results,were sensitized by exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin(OVA) in order to build the guinea pig modle of asthma.Dexamethasone group(DG),were also sensitized by exposur to aerosolized ovalbumin as well as the asthmatic group had done and then treated with dexamethasone.Normal control group(NCG):were treated with 0.9% sterile sodium chloride.All the tested animals were measured the activity of lung HO-1,levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the lung tissue or serum and bilirubin in the serum by spectrophotometry.And the pathology and expression of HO-1protein in the lung tissue were observed.Results In the OVA induced asthmatic group,the HO-1 activity and level of MDA in lung tissue or serum were markedly increased compared with the groups of NCG and DG (P<0.01) and the expression of lung HO-1 protein was as 3~4 grade.While level of bilirubin was markedly reduced compared with NCG and DG.For example,in asthmatic group,the activity of lung HO-1 was,the level of bilirubin formed,(901.12±321.53)pmol/(mg MDA was(69.38±7.49)nmol/mg protein,and the level of bilirubin in serum was (0.54±0.23)pmol/L.In DG,the data of HO-1 and MDA as described above were markedly reduced compared with the OVA induced asthmatic group(P<0.01),and lung protein expression was 1~2 grade,while the level of bilirubin in the serum was increased(P<0.01).But,all datas of DG had no significant difference compared with NCG(P>0.05).Conclusion The guinea pigs′ in vivo lipid peroxide level increases and the level of bilirubin,an antioxidant,markedly decrease during asthma attacks,which induce the imbalance of oxidant and antioxidant.Content level and activity of HO-1 protein can increase in asthma body in order to compensate the reduce of bilirubin level,regulate the imbalance of oxidant and antioxidant,protect lung tissues from oxidizing reaction damage and relieve allergy or asthma symptoms.