The effect of porcine SIRT5 on replication of foot and mouth disease virus type O(FMDV-O)and the underlying regulatory mechanism were investigated.Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses were employed to monitor expression of endoge-nous SIRT5 in PK-15 cells infected with FMDV-O.Three pairs of SIRT5-specific siRNAs were synthesized.Changes to SIRT5 and FMDV-O protein and transcript levels,in addition to virus copy numbers,were measured by western blot and RT-qPCR analyses.PK-15 cells were transfected with a eukaryotic SIRT5 expression plasmid.Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses were used to explore the impact of SIRT5 overexpression on FMDV-O replication.Meanwhile,RT-qPCR analysis was used to detect the effect of SIRT5 overexpression on the mRNA expression levels of type I interferon-stimulated genes induced by SeV and FMDV-O.The results showed that expression of SIRT5 was up-regulated in PK-15 cells infected with FMDV-O and siRNA interfered with SIRT5 to inhibit FMDV-O replication.SIRT5 overexpression promoted FMDV-O replication.SIRT5 over-expression decreased mRNA expression levels of interferon-stimulated genes induced by SeV and FMDV-O.These results suggest that FMDV-O infection stimulated expression of SIRT5 in PK-15 cells,while SIRT5 promoted FMDV-O rep-lication by inhibiting production of type I interferon-stimula-ted genes.These findings provide a reference to further ex-plore the mechanism underlying the ability of porcine SIRT5 to promote FMDV-O replication.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

In order to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment decision-making with traditional Chinese medicine for pa-tients of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and put the latest clinical study evidence into clinical practice, the international trust-worthy traditional Chinese medicine recommendations( TCM Recs) working group started the compilation of Living Evidence-based Guideline for Combination of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Treatment of COVID-19 on the basis of the standards and re-quirements of WHO handbook, GRADE and RIGHT. This proposal mainly introduces the formulation methods and processes of the living guidelines in details, such as the composition of the working group, the collection and identification of clinical issues and out-comes, the production of the living systematic review and the consensus of recommendations. The guidelines will continue to monitor the clinical study evidences of TCM in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and conduct regular evidence updating, retrieval and screening. When there is new study evidence, the steering committee will evaluate the possibility of the evidence to change clinical practice or previous recommendations, so as to decide whether the recommendations for the guidelines shall be implemented or upda-ted. The main criteria considered in the guideline updating are as follows:(1) There are new high-quality randomized controlled trial(RCT) evidences for TCM uninvolved in the previous edition of the guidelines;(2) as for the TCM involved in the guidelines, living sys-tematic review shows that new evidence may change the direction or strength of the existing recommendations. The specific implementation of the living evidence-based guidelines will take this proposal as the study basis and framework, in order to ensure the standardization of the formulation process and methods. This will be the first exploration of the methodology for living guidelines in the field of TCM.
COVID-19/therapy* ; China ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; SARS-CoV-2

BACKGROUND: Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is the most common type of childhood idiopathic focal epilepsy. BECTS is associated with pervasive cognitive deficits and behavior problems. While seizures can be easily controlled, it is crucial to select anti-epileptic drugs that do not impair cognition, do not cause psychosocial effects, and improve the quality of life. Previous studies showed effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) monotherapy on the cognitive and psychosocial profiles of patients with BECTS. Here, we studied the effects of OXC monotherapy on the neuropsychologic profiles and quality of life in patients with BECTS in China. METHODS: Thirty-one patients aged 6 to 12 years newly diagnosed with BECTS were recruited. A psychometric assessment was performed before and during the follow-up of OXC monotherapy with Cognitive Computerized Task Battery, Depression Self-Rating Scale for children, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31). The results of the assessments were compared to explore the effect of OXC monotherapy in patients with BECTS. RESULTS: Thirty children with BECTS completed the study. Five of ten cognitive test scores improved after treatment via OXC monotherapy, including visual tracing (F = 14.480, P < 0.001), paired associated learning (language) (F = 6.292, P < 0.001), paired associated learning (number) (F = 9.721, P < 0.05), word semantic (F = 6.003, P < 0.05), and simple subtraction (F = 6.229, P < 0.05). Of the neuropsychology data concerning the quality of life, statistically significant improvements were observed in emotion (F = 4.946, P < 0.05), QOLIE-social (F = 5.912, P < 0.05), and QOLIE-total (F = 14.161, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS OXC is safe and does not impair neuropsychologic functions, with no obvious mood burden on children with BECTS. Most importantly, OXC has positive impacts on children's perception of quality of life, especially in terms of happiness and life satisfaction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influencing factors of transient hypothyroxinemia (THT) and low T3 syndrome (LT3S) in premature infants.

METHODWe have studied 418 premature infants whose gestational age was between 26 and 36 weeks.Serum thyronine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyrotropin (TSH) of them were detected on the fourteenth day approximately after birth. The patients were divided according to their serum T4, T3 and TSH into 3 groups (transient hypothyroxinemia, low T3 syndrome and normal). Then 20 Perinatal factors which may be associated with THT and LT3S were collected. The factors were analyzed by using Chi-square test and Logistic regression.

RESULTForty-nine infants were found suffering from THT, 35 infants suffering from LT3S, and 334 infants in normal group. The prevalence rate of THT was 11.7%, and the prevalence rate of LT3S was 8.4%. Among the 20 factors, the factors related to the incidence of THT were male gender (OR = 1.863, 95%CI 0.966-3.594), albumin (OR = 2.401, 95%CI 1.294-4.455), dopamine (OR = 3.295, 95%CI 1.110-9.783) and those related to the incidence of LT3S were male gender (OR = 2.592, 95%CI 1.171-5.736), gestational age ≤ 28 wk (OR = 3.503, 95%CI 1.275-9.627).

CONCLUSIONMale gender, albumin and dopamine are perinatal risk factors of THT, meanwhile, male gender and gestational age ≤ 28 wk are perinatal risk factors of LT3S.With the use of risk factors identified in our study, it may be possible to separate infants having the highest risk of THT and LT3S, so as to form optimizing treatment strategies.

Case-Control Studies ; Dopamine ; adverse effects ; Euthyroid Sick Syndromes ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; blood ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyronines ; blood ; Thyroxine ; blood ; Triiodothyronine ; blood

BACKGROUNDIt is the first multicenter clinical study in China to investigate zanamivir use among Chinese adolescents and adults with influenza-like illness (ILI) since 2009, when inhaled zanamivir (RELENZA(®)) was marketed in China.

METHODSAn uncontrolled open-label, multicentre study to evaluate the antiviral activity, and safety of inhaled zanamivir (as Rotadisk via Diskhaler device); 10 mg administered twice daily for 5 days in subjects ≥ 12 years old with ILI. Patients were enrolled within 48 hours of onset and followed for eight days. Patients were defined as being influenza-positive if the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test had positive results.

RESULTSA total of 400 patients ≥ 12 years old were screened from 11 centers in seven provinces from March 2010 to January 2011. Three hundred and ninety-two patients who took at least one dose of zanamivir were entered into the safety analysis. The mean age was 33.8 years and 50% were male. Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were the most common comorbidities. All the reported adverse events, such as rash, nasal ache, muscle ache, nausea, diarrhea, headache, occurred in less than 1% of subjects. Mild sinus bradycadia or arrhythmia occurred in four subjects (1%). Most of the adverse events were mild and did not require any change of treatment. No severe adverse events (SAE) or fatal cases were reported. Bronchospasm was found in a 38 years old woman whose symptoms disappeared after stopping zanamivir and without additional treatment. All the 61 influenza virus isolates (43 before enrollment, 18 during treatment) proved to be sensitive to zanamivir.

CONCLUSIONSZanamivir is well tolerated by Chinese adolescents and adults with ILIs. There is no evidence for the emergence of drug-resistant isolates during treatment with zanamivir.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Zanamivir ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Objective To analyze the expression of NDRG1 gene in human glioma tissues.Methods Eighty-three samples of glioma tissues(including 19 grade Ⅰ,22 grade Ⅱ,25 grade Ⅲ,and 17 grade Ⅳ gliomas)and 12 normal brain tissues were obtained from patients undergoing surgeries between February,2006 and June,2007.The mRNA and protein expression of NDRG1 in the tissues was detected using real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.Results NDRG1 expressions in the gliomas at both the mRNA and protein levels in comparison with those in normal brain tissues.PCR showed that the NDRG1 expression decreased as the upgrading of tumor from Ⅰto Ⅳ,except grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ.(P＜0.05)Conclusion NDRG1 expression is reduced in glioma tissues in close correlation to the pathological grade,suggesting that NDRG1 may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of gliomas.

OBJECTIVETo identify mutations and variants in CASQ2 gene in 27 CPVT patients/family members.

METHODSMutational analysis was performed with direct DNA sequence analysis. The frequency of an identified CASQ2 variant was determined using the Taqman genotyping assay.

RESULTSA novel heterozygous mutation, F189L, in CASQ2 gene was identified in one family with CPVT. This mutation occurred at the evolutionarily, highly conserved phenylalanine residue at codon 189, and was not present in 1400 control individuals. No other disease-causing mutations were identified in the CASQ2 gene.

CONCLUSIONA novel mutation of F189L in the CASQ2 gene was identified.

Calsequestrin ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the operative method and the clinical efficacy of volar Barton's fracture treated by internal fixation with T type titanium plate. METHODS: We performed the operation of the open reduction and internal fixation with T type titanium plate in 18 patients with volar Barton's fracture. RESULTS: The 18 patients were followed up after the operation at the average time of 13 months (6 to 31 months). X radiographs showed that all patients achieved solid bone union. Mehara's evaluation for volar Barton's fracture revealed excellent outcome in 12 patients, good in 5 patients, and fair in 1 patients. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 94.4%. X-radiographs showed that the volar tilting angle was 8-18 (mean=11.0) degree, and the ulnar inclining angle was 16-26 (mean=22.4) degree. There was no shortening of the radius. CONCLUSION The operative treatment with titanium T type plate fixation for volar Barton's fracture is in favor of fracture anatomic reduction, solid internal fixation, and catagmatic concrescence. It is beneficial for functional recovery of the wrist at the utmost. The outcome in the near future is satisfactory. It is an ideal method for volar Barton's fracture.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Recovery of Function ; Titanium ; Wrist Injuries ; surgery ; Wrist Joint ; physiology