BACKGROUND:Confirming the reliability and validity of the My jump 2 application for measuring lower limb vertical stiffness may offer the possibility of it as an alternative to the Kistler three-dimensional force platform for measuring lower limb stiffness. OBJECTIVE:To verify the reliability and validity of the My Jump 2 application in measuring lower limb vertical stiffness of college students. METHODS:The drop jump data of the participants were collected through the Kistler three-dimensional force platform and the My Jump 2 application,and the vertical stiffness of the participants'lower limb vertical stiffness was calculated.The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data measured by the My Jump 2 application and the Kistler three-dimensional force platform,attempting to verify the reliability of the My Jump 2 application.The bias and average between the two devices were drawn into a Bland-Altman diagram to verify the consistency between the two test methods.Finally,the test-retest reliability of the My Jump 2 applications at 30 cm and 40 cm was analyzed using the Cronbach's alpha(α)and coefficient of variation.Pearson product-moment correlation was used to analyze the correlation of My Jump 2 applications. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:My Jump 2 application has high reliability and validity when measuring the vertical stiffness of the lower limb.At the same time,due to its advantages of low cost,convenient portability and field testing for large samples,it can be used as an alternative to the Kistler three-dimensional force platform to test the vertical stiffness of the lower limb in college students and similar populations.

Objective:To evaluate the medium-term clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) using a domestic Venus-P self-expanding valve in the treatment of severe pulmonary regurgitation after Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).Methods:Retrospective study.From December 2017 to December 2020, 13 TOF patients with (17.8±4.7) years old and (50.2±12.3) kg underwent PPVI using the Venus-P self-expanding valve in the Department of Children′s Heart Center, Zhengzhou University People′s Hospital were recruited.The mean valve size was (31.9±3.1) mm.All patients received the transannular patch surgery and developed severe pulmonary regurgitation.After PPVI, 13 patients were followed up for at least 12 months.The operation-related complications, improvement of valve and heart function and the durability and reintervention of the Venus-P self-expanding valve were analyzed.The right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVi) before and after operation was compared by the paired t-test, and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was compared by the paired Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Results:PPVI was successfully performed in all 13 patients without death.At 6 months post-PPVI, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings showed that RVEDVi was significantly reduced[(145.7±9.6) mL/m 2vs.(100.2±12.2) mL/m 2, P<0.05], and the NYHA class was significantly improved ( P<0.05). One patient presented moderate pulmonary valve regurgitation at 12 months postoperatively.No vegetation was found on echocardiography, and blood culture was negative in this case.Six patients did not have postoperative pulmonary valve regurgitation, and the remaining presented mild or less pulmonary regurgitation.One patient had sudden ventricular tachycardia on the 6 th day postoperatively, which was converted to sinus rhythm after synchronous electrocardiography.Only one case underwent appendectomy 7 months after operation due to acute appendicitis, and the remaining did not require valve-related reintervention after implantation.During the follow-up for (22.8±8.0) months, no patients had perivalve leakage, stent migration and rupture.Complications like embolization and coronary artery compression were not reported. Conclusions:PPVI using the Venus-P self-expanding valve is safe and effective in patients with severe pulmonary valve regurgitation after TOF surgery, showing an acceptable medium-term follow-up outcome.Studies with a large sample size and long follow-up period are still needed to validate our findings.

Estrogen receptor (esr) mediates the effects of estrogen on the expression of related genes, thereby regulating the growth and reproduction of mammals. To investigate the effect of retrotransposon insertion polymorphism (RIP) of the porcine esr gene on porcine growth performance, retrotransposon insertion polymorphism of the esr gene were predicted by comparative genomics and bioinformatics, and PCR was used to verify the insertion polymorphisms in different porcine breeds. Finally, the correlation analysis between the genotypes and performance of Large White pigs was conducted. The results showed that four retrotransposon polymorphic sites were identified in the esr1 and esr2 genes, which are esr1-SINE- RIP1 located in intron 2 of the esr1 gene, esr1-LINE-RIP2 and RIP3-esr1- SINE located in intron 5 of the gene, and esr2-LINE-RIP located in intron 1 of the esr2 gene, respectively. Among them, insertion of a 287 bp of SINE into intron 2 of the esr1 gene significantly affected (P<0.05) the live back fat thickness and 100 kg body weight back fat thickness of Large White pigs. Moreover, the live back fat thickness and back fat thickness at 100 kg body weight of homozygous with insertion (SINE+/+) was significantly greater than that of heterozygous with insertion (SINE+/-) and homozygous without insertion (SINE-/-). Therefore, esr1-SINE-RIP1 could be used as a molecular marker to assist the selection of deposition traits in Large White pigs.
Animals ; Genotype ; Introns/genetics* ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics* ; Retroelements/genetics* ; Swine/genetics*

Background: Chronic functional constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, and the effects of traditional therapeutic drugs are suboptimal. Prucalopride is a novel 5-HT

Objective: To analyze the treatment effect of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) and explore prognostic factors. Methods: The clinical data of 635 patients diagnosed as GBM at Neurosurgical Oncology Department Ⅳ of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2007 to March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 386 males and 249 females with an age of (48.7±11.8) years (range: 18-75 years). Patients were divided into three groups according to the time of admission: 2007-2010 group(n=174), 2011-2014 group (n=237) and 2015-2018 group (n=224). Kaplan-Meier plot was used to analyze the effects of different treatment periods, treatment schemes and clinical factors on the survival of patients with GBM. Cox proportion hazard regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors. Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients in 2007-2010 group, 2011-2014 group, 2015-2018 group was 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.5-10.5), 10.0 months (95% CI: 8.8-11.2), 12.0 months (95% CI: 10.7-13.3) and 17.0 months (95% CI: 13.2-20.8), 20.0 months (95% CI: 16.9-23.1), 23.0 months(95% CI: 17.5-28.5), respectively. The PFS and OS of patients improved significantly over the years (χ²=9.693, P=0.008 and χ²=8.616, P=0.013). Multivariate survival analysis showed that age, extent of resection, radiotherapy and tumor distant dissemination were independent prognostic factors (all P<0.05). Conclusions With the continuous development of clinical treatment regimen, the therapeutic effect of Chinese GBM patients has improved remarkably. Age, extent of resection, radiotherapy and tumor distant dissemination are independent prognostic factors associated with survival time.

Metabolic transformation in vivo is a critical approach in the study of toxicity, but real-time dynamic observation of the transformation is difficult. We proposed that zebrafish toxicity/metabolism synchronization may be used in the analysis of toxicity of Folium Epimedium (Yinyanghuo for Chinese, YYH) and the toxicity may be reduced by Radix Morindae Officinalis (Bajitian for Chinese, BJT). Healthy zebrafish embryos 1 day post fertilization (1 dpf) were exposed to different concentrations of YYH, total flavonoids of YYH (YTF), representative flavonoids (epimedin C and icariin) and their respective in combination with BJT. Death numbers of the embryos or larvals were counted during 1-5 days after dosing (2-6 dpf); embryonic micro-morphology of zebrafish (3 dpf) was observed and pictures were taken. The blank vehicle (0.4% DMSO) was used in the control group, and LC₅₀ value of 2 to 6 dpf was calculated by SPSS16.0. A relative safe concentration was sampled every day to analyze the dynamic metabolites changes of major flavonoids of YYH. The results showed that epimedin A/B/C (EA/EB/EC) and icariin, the major flavonoids of YYH, were dynamically transformed into major metabolites of sagittatoside C (SC) and baohuoside I (BI) by zebrafish. BI was mainly derived from EA, EB and icariin. Neither original form nor their metabolite BI can cause zebrafish poisoning. SC was mainly derived from EC, and its accumulation was closely related to the toxicity of YYH, YTF and EC. After combination with BJT, the metabolism of EC was slowed down and the toxicity was alleviated. Zebrafish toxicity/metabolism synchronization revealed that the toxicity of EC of YYH was increased after metabolism into SC, which maybe the key potential poisonous factor of YYH, and BJT can reduce the toxicity by slowing down the metabolism rate of EC. The data provides new ideas and methods in the study of toxic substances in Chinese medicine and mechanism of detoxicity by combination.

The increasingly apparent liver injury problems of bone strengthening Chinese medicines have brought challenges for clinical application, and it is necessary to consider both effectiveness and safety in screening anti-osteoporosis Chinese medicines. Metabolic transformation is closely related to drug efficacy and toxicity, so it is significant to comprehensively consider metabolism-action/toxicity(M-Act/Tox) for screening anti-osteoporosis Chinese medicines. The current evaluation models and the number of compounds(including metabolites) severely restrict efficient screening in vivo. By referring to previous relevant research and domestic and abroad literature, zebrafish M-Act/Tox integrative method was put forward for efficiently screening anti-osteoporosis herb medicines, which has organically integrated zebrafish metabolism model, osteoporosis model and toxicity evaluation method. This method can break through the bottleneck and blind spots that trace compositions can't achieve efficient and integrated in vivo evaluation, and realize both efficient and comprehensive screening on anti-osteoporosis traditional medicines based on in vivo process taking both safety and effectiveness into account, which is significant to accelerate discovery of effective and safe innovative traditional Chinese medicines for osteoporosis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect and safety of molecular targeted therapy of apatinib mesylate combined with multiple antigen stimulatiing cellular therapy in treatment of osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma. Methods:Six patients with sarcoma were collected by the failure of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy treatment or refusal surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, and at least one month from the last treatment of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. All of the patients at least received three cycle MASCTTM . From Day 1,everyone were given Apatinib 500 mg,po,qd ,until the disease progression. To measure the patient’s quality of life depending on EORTC QLQ-C30,meanwhile,detecting the cellular immunity function and circulating tumor cells(CTCs) of patients before treatment and one month after 3 cycle MASCTTM . At last, monitoring the cellular immune responses by the Enzyme-linked immuno spot ( ELISPOT) assay. Results: All of the four patients completed the treatment of 3 cycle MASCTTM . Only one patient reduced apatinib from 500 mg to 250 mg because of palmar-plantar erythrodyses-thesia. The response rates of the four patients received MASCTTM and apatinib mesylate after treatment were 1 for complete response (CR),3 for partial response (PR). The life quality and cellular immunity function were improved in all of the patients. ELISPOT assay suggested that the majority of antigen peptides could induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes( CTLs) response. The Progression-Free-Survival ( PFS) of four patients received MASCTTM and apatinib mesylate was 7,6,9 and 4 months ,while the response rates of the two patients received apatinib mesylate were 1 for ( Stable disease) SD,one for ( Progression disease) PD. And PFS of the two patients were one month and two months. Conclusion:Combination of MASCTTM and apatinib mesylate is safe,effective and were good prospects for application.

Objective: To summarize the clinical experience and short-term outcome of minimally invasive occlusion in patients with peri-membranous ventricular septal defect (PmVSD) via right subaxillary route under trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance.
Methods: A total of 122 PmVSD patients treated in our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-07 were summarized. There were 54 male and 68 female with the mean age of (2.7±2.2, 0.5-9.7) years, mean body weight of (13.9±6.0, 6.1-38.0) kg and mean PmVSD diameter of (3.8±0.8, 2.5-7.0) mm. The patients were taken left lateral position, a (2-3) cm incision was performed along right mid-axillary line between the 3rd rib and 4th rib, the thoracic entrance was at 4th inter-costal space. A purse-string suture was conducted on right atrial surface, a special hollow probe was inserted into right atrium and crossed tricuspid into right ventricle under TEE guidance; the probe was adjusted to the point or crossed VSD into left ventricle followed by guide wire insertion to establish a deliver pathway, and ifnally, occlusion device was regularly deployed to close the defect. Post-operative ECG, TEE and chest X-ray were conducted for followed-up study.
Results: There were 119/122 (98.4%) patients occluded successfully and 3 failed patients were converted to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery at the original incision. The average size of occluder was (4.9±1.1, 4-10) mm and all devices were concentric. The patients were followed up at the mean of (8.3±5.0, 1.0-19.8) months, during that period, 12/119 (10.1%) had new mild tricuspid regurgitation, 16 (13.4%) suffered from incomplete right bundle branch block, 4 (3.4%) had small residual shunt and 2 of them were self-closed at 1 and 3 months after operation respectively. There were no complete atrio-ventricular block, no new aortic valve regurgitation and no device dislocation.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive occlusion of PmVSD via right subaxillary route under TEE guidance was a safe, effective, feasible and better cosmetic method for treating relevant patients; while its long-term outcome should be further observed.

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of the dominant perforators (the diameter > or = 0.8 mm) of the peroneal artery with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) for the purpose of anatomical preparations for the perforator sural neurocutaneous flap.

METHODSThe dominant perforators of the peroneal artery (DPPA) were studied with CDFI on bilateral legs of 20 healthy volunteers. The numbers, diameters and locations of the perforators were recorded for a statistical analysis. From Jan. 2005 to Jan. 2009, 51 free or pedicled sural neurocutaneous flaps supplied by a single DPPA were designed and harvested to repair the defects near the ankle (n=22), at the leg (n=15) and the forefoot or hand dorsum (n=14). The perforators were located preoperatively with CDFI and accuracy of CDFI was evaluated intraoperatively. The causes of false results were analysed to improve examining techniques.

RESULTSThe average number of DPPA was 4.2 with the average diameter of (1.13 +/- 0.24) mm (0.80-1.90 mm). They were located in the second to ninth segment of the line from the fibular caput to the tip of lateral malleolus which was equally divided into nine segments. The largest DPPA was (1.43 +/- 0.29) mm (1.00-1.90 mm) in diameter and most of them were located in the third to fifth segment (80.4%). The average diameter of the lowest DPPA was (1.02 +/- 0.16) mm( 0.80-1.30 mm) and they were located between the sixth to ninth segment. The total 169 DPPA as well as the largest ones mostly appeared in the middle third of the leg. All of the 51 flaps were transplanted successfully without necrosis, and no vascular problems occurred. Preoperative CDFI examination had a 93.6% true-positive rate and an 88.0% positive predictive value. What should be demonstrated was that if just considered the cases after Dec. 2007, the true-positive rate was 97%, and the positive predictive value was 93.9%.

CONCLUSIONSAccording to the distribution characteristics of DPPA, a sural neurocutaneous flap pedicled with one of this relatively large perforator can be designed and harvested to repair skin defects of leg and around ankle, but can not be utilized for that of forefoot. With anastomosis of the perforator, the flap based on the largest DPPA can be used as a free flap to cover defect anywhere. CDFI is reliable in preoperative location of DPPA, which makes the surgical procedures easier.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sural Nerve ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Tibial Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult