To analyze the biological characteristics of Pasteurella multocida in bovine respiratory tract and its prevalence in large-scale cattle farms,bacterial isolation,culture,and morphological observation were conducted on the lungs and liver samples of dead cows suffering from respiratory diseases in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia.The isolated strains were studied through biochemical testing,16S rRNA gene sequencing,specific primer PCR identification,capsule serotyping,pathogenicity testing,virulence gene testing,drug sensitivity testing,and drug resistance gene detection methods.The results showed that six strains of Pasteurella multocida serotype A were isolated and identi-fied from the lungs of diseased and dead cows.After sequencing the 16S rRNA sequence of the bac-teria,it was found that the six strains of Pasteurella multocida had the closest genetic relationship with the Chongqing isolate CQ2(CP033599.1).The results of mouse pathogenicity test and viru-lence gene detection showed that all isolates were pathogenic and carried at least 16 or more related virulence genes such as exbB,nanB,sodC,oma 87,etc.,but no hsf1 and toxA were detected.The results of drug sensitivity tests and resistance gene detection showed that the isolated strains were sensitive to different degrees of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin,and cefotaxime.They were resistant to streptomycin,clindamycin,and lincomycin,and resistance genes of str A,strB,and tet(H)were detected.The results indicate that there is a certain correlation between the pathoge-nicity and virulence genes,drug resistance phenotype,and drug resistance genes of Pasteurellamultocida type A in cattle.It is recommended to use quinolones(such as ciprofloxacin)and cepha-losporins(such as cefotaxime)antibacterial drugs in clinical practice,which can provide scientific basis and prevention and control plans for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases caused by Pasteurella multocida in cattle farms,and lay a foundation for the epidemiological mo-nitoring of bovine respiratory multocida pasteurellosis.

Aortic dissection is one of the most devastating cardiovascular diseases. One of the most important pathological features of aortic dissection is local inflammatory response, including the infiltration of inflammatory cells, extracellular matrix degradation, and smooth muscle cell phenotype switch. Macrophages which are the core of the inflammatory response play an extremely pivotal role in the progression of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Macrophages can be artificially divided into M1 and M2 types, of which the M1-type promotes inflammation while the M2-type is associated with the regression of inflammation and tissue healing. Mastering the switch of phenotypic transformation of macrophages may be of great help in inhibiting the inflammation of aortic tissue and facilitating tissue healing, as well as the treatment of aortic dissection. In this paper, we focus on the polarization of macrophages and discuss the role of macrophages in aortic dissection, the polarization pathway and the effect of related polarizing agents on the treatment of aortic dissection.

Objective:To understand the current situation of nurses in 52 hospitals in China on mastery of knowledge about skin injury in the elderly based on the background of mixed-mode homogenization training.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 1 067 nurses from 52 hospitals in China were selected as the research objects in January 2021. A self-designed questionnaire on knowledge of skin injury in the elderly was used to investigate the nurses through the questionnaire star and univariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. A total of 1 067 questionnaires were distributed and 1 067 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 100%.Results:The knowledge scores of pressure injury, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tear and xerosis cutis among 1067 nurses were (95.66±7.37) , (95.65±9.15) , (91.37±15.45) and (87.67±15.91) , respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that hospital grade was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge score of pressure injury, skin tear and incontinence-associated dermatitis ( P<0.05) , educational background was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge score of skin tear ( P<0.05) , professional title was the influencing factor of nurses' knowledge scores of pressure injury, incontinence-associated dermatitis and xerosis cutis ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Hospitals at all levels need to strengthen the theoretical and practical knowledge training for nurses on skin xerosis and skin tear in the elderly, especially for nurses with primary titles and lower education in grassroots hospitals.

Objective:To investigate whether the specific traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution of in-dividuals can be defined by certain biological indexes instead of answering the questionnaire,and to explore the possibility of discriminating nine TCM constitutions from each other simultaneously using biological indexes.Methods:Blood and urine samples from 152 individuals with nine TCM constitutions were collected,and the related biological indexes were analyzed combining ANOVA,multiple comparison,discriminant analysis,and support vector machine.Results:We found that 4 out of 24 blood routine indexes,7 out of 10 urine routine indexes,and 12 out of 32 biochemical indexes showed differences among the constitutions.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein,apolipoprotein A1,and alkaline phosphatase were potential candidates for screening out individuals with unbalanced constitutions.Combining uric acid,high-density lipoprotein,apolipoprotein A1,creatine kinase,total protein,aspartate aminotransferase,total bile acid,dehydrogenase,sodium,and calcium levels had the potential to directly distinguish the nine TCM constitutions from each other.Among these indexes,the highest ratio of discriminant analysis between two constitutions was 95.5％,while the lowest was 66.1％.Conclusion:Our results suggest that some biochemical and urine indexes are related to various TCM constitutions,and thus they have the potential to be used for TCM constitution classification.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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Objective : To compare the accuracies of implants with dynamic real-time navigation versus digital guide navigation to provide a reference for clinical precision dental implants. Methods: Forty-six cases (seventy teeth) with missing teeth admitted to the Department of Stomatology, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital from April 2018 to December 2019 were randomly divided into two groups (thirty-five teeth in each group) for dynamic real-time navigation and digital guide navigation implantation techniques. To compare the entry point, apex point, depth and angle deviation of the preoperative and postoperative position of implants in the two groups. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results : Dental implants were successfully placed in both groups. The deviations of apex point, depth and angle in the dynamic real-time navigation group were all smaller than those in the digital guide navigation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant deviation in the entry point between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In this study, both techniques had good clinical effects. The accuracy of dynamic real-time navigation was higher than that of digital guidance.

Objective To compare the performance of four commercial anti-dsDNA antibody assays,i.e,BioPlex 2200 (BioPlex),Farr radioimmunoassay (Farr),MESACUP DNA-Ⅱ TEST ds [MBL-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)] and Anti-dsDNA-NcX ELISA (IgG) (EURO-ELISA),Antoantibodies Profile Assay Kit (HOB-Chemiluminescent Immunoassay) in disease activity assessment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods SLE patients (n=119) as well as healthy controls (n=200) and disease controls (n=100) were recruited and their serum anti-dsDNA antibodies were detected by BioPlex,Farr,MBL-ELISA,EURO-ELISA,and a standard Crithidia luciliae indirect immunofluorescence test (CLIFT).The consistency between above four methods to CLIFT was analyzed.The correlation of anti-dsDNA antibody level of these four methods to SLE disease activity was assessed.All data analyses were performed with Statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 16.0 (SPSS.Inc) and GraphPad Prism 4.0.3 (GraphPad).Unless otherwise specified,all data in this study were expressed as mean±standard deviation.Cut-off values of the anti-dsDNA quantification methods were set by the manufacturers.Chi square and kappa coefficients were adopted to assess the agreement determination and correlation analysis between anti-dsDNA level and SLE disease activity (SLEDAI).Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the specificity and sensitivity of the anti-dsDNA assays.Student's t test was adopted for the comparison of anti-dsDNA levels by different methods between SLE and SLE+LN groups.A p value small than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Using cut-off values set by the manufacturers,BioPlex demonstrated the highest overall agreement with CLIFT,while MBL-ELISA and EURO-ELISA showed the highest positive agreement with CLIFT.Disease activity correlation analysis showed that SLEDAI score correlated poorly with anti-dsDNA level in Farr assay,but strongly with the other three assays.Bioplex had a better performance in terms of SLE activity index corelation (r=0.297 6,P=0.001 2).Moreover,anti-dsDNA level differed in SLE patients with renal lupus nephritis in BioPlex assay (P=0.026 8),but not in the other assays.In ROC curve analysis,BioPlex showed the largest area under the curve (AUC) over other assays.Conclusion Bio Plex assay has better sensitivity and specificity than Farr,MBL-ELISA and EURO-ELISA and correlates well with SLE disease activity.

Objective To study the auditory brainstem response (ABR) of normal adult CBA,C57BL,Kunming and 129 mice and analyze the ABR thresholds and latencies in order to obtain normal values and standardized testing process,thereby providing important reference for future auditory hearing research in mouse.Methods Six -week-old normal mice of CBA,C57BL,Kunming and 129(each strain containing 20 ears of 20 mice) were used in this study.ABR test with both the click and tone burst were carried on.The incidence of each wave and the thresholds and latencies of various strains of mice were recorded.Results For these four strains of mice,wave Ⅱ had the highest occurrence rate and was used to determine the thresholds.Four strains of mice all were sensitive to the sound at 8,12,16 kHz,most to 12 kHz.Under anesthesia condition,the latency of each ABR wave prolonged as testing time increase,especially the waves Ⅲ ～ V which reflected the functions of the part near the cerebral center.Conclusion Under anesthesia state,for these four strains of mice,wave Ⅱ has the highest occurrence rate and is used to determine the threshold.We determine the intensity level at which Wave Ⅱ just appeared as the ABR threshold.The stain of CBA mice is the best one to establish an animal model related to hearing function research because ABR of the other three strains are not stable as the CBA mice.Wave SP can reflect the hair cell functions indirectly.

[Objective]To investigate the expression change of miR-134 in methamphetamine(MA)-induced neuronal injury in PC12 cells and its effect on neuronal excitability and understand the pathogenesis of methamphetamine-induced neuronal injury.[Methods]PC12 cells in the logarithmic phase were divided into control group and MA group. The MA group was treated with 800μmol/L MA to establish the model of neuronal injury. The cellular injury was observed under microscope. The neuronal apoptosis was detected by Hoechst3342/PI double staining,and miR-134 expression was measured by using real-time quantitative PCR (Real time-PCR). Furthermore,we constructed miR-134 interference vector and observed its effect on evoked action potential.[Results]The cultured PC12 cells were damaged under the 800 μmol/LMA treatment ,and neurites became shorter ,the apoptotic cells were evidence. Real time-PCR showed that miR-134 expression was increased after MA treatment. Electrophysiological data showed that the evoked action potential increased after miR-134 interference.[Conclusions]High concentration of MA can induce neuronal damage and apoptosis and also increase miR-134 expression. While silence miR-134 expression can increase neuronal excitability.Our study provides an experimental basis for elucidating the possible mechanism of MA-induced neuronal injury and the role of miR-134 in neurotoxicity and neuronal excitability.

Objective To study the effect of chloral hydrate on click sound evoked auditory brainstem re-sponse (ABR) in healthy adult guinea pig .Methods A total of 20 healthy wild type albino male guinea pigs were se-lected for ABR assessment with click sound stimulation conscious and cholral hydrate anesthesia conditions .The ABR threshold was determined according to the wave that presents highest occurrence rate under different stimulus intensity .The latency ,interpeak latency of each wave at 90 dB peSPL stimulation as well as the amplitude of waveⅡ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅳ under different stimulus intensity were recorded .Results The ABR threshold in chloral hydrate anes-thesia was 25 .50 ± 2 .76 dB peSPL and at the waking state was 28 .5 ± 3 .66 dB peSPL from control group (P>0 .05) .The latencies of each wave recorded under chloral hydrate anesthesia state were prolonged compared to those of under waking state ,wave Ⅲ ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ had significance differences (P<0 .05) ,but wave Ⅰ ,Ⅱ had no significant differences (P>0 .05) .The interpeak latency between wave Ⅰ - Ⅴ ,Ⅲ - Ⅳ ,Ⅳ - Ⅴ in chloral hydrate anesthesia were longer compared to those of under waking state with significant differences (P<0 .05) ,while interpeak latency between Ⅰ - Ⅱ ,Ⅱ - Ⅲ had no significant differences (P> 0 .05) .The amplitude and occurrence rate of wave Ⅱwere the highest among all the waves in both experimental group and control group .The amplitude of wave Ⅱ and Ⅲ in chloral hydrate anesthesia was higher than that of the waking state under acoustic stimulation conditions ofhigh intensity(P<0 .05) while the amplitude of wave Ⅳ was lower than the waking state (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The chloral hydrate anesthesia may be able to apparently lengthen the ABR latencies of wave Ⅲ ,Ⅳ ,Ⅴ and affect the amplitude .This effect should be considered during the assessment of ABR under anesthesia state in guinea pig ;The ABR threshold of guinea pig could be determined according to the wave Ⅱ because it 's highest occurrence rate .