To study the protective effect and preliminary mechanisms of asiatic acid against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury of PC12 cells, Na2S2O4 combined with low glucose induced damage of PC12 cells was served as OGD/R injury model in vitro. MTT method was used to evaluate cell survival. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was performed to determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, lactic acid (LD) content, intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and cellular Caspase-3 activity. Flow cytometry was applied to assay cell apoptosis. Na2S2O4 combined with low glucose induced significant cell survival rate decreasing compared with normal cells. Cell survival rate increasing, LDH leakage alleviating, LD producing inhibiting, SOD activity promotion, MDA content reducing, cell apoptotic rate decreasing and Caspase-3 activity inhibiting were observed when cells were preincubated with different concentration of asiatic acid (10, 1 and 0.1 micromol x L(-1)). Evident protective effect of asiatic acid against OGD/R injured PC12 cells was verified in our experiment, and the possible mechanisms were related to eliminating free radicals and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Objective To explore the risk factors of cognitive impairment in rural elderly patients from Changzhi urban. Methods Totally 118 elderly patients were examined with minimental state examination (MMSE). The common data and histories of coronary heart disease,hypertension,diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were collected. Results The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 14.4％.Multivariate analysis showed that MMSE scores was associated with age,stroke history,homocysteine and low density lipoprotein(LDL-C) (x2 =21.166,19.323,13.672,3.698,P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and cognitive impairment was not associated with gender,alive spouse,hypertension,coronary heart disease, diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(P＞0.05).Age(OR=0.853,95％ CI:0.765-0.951),stroke history(OR=0.764,95％ CI:0.629-0.929),LDL-C (OR =0.208,95％ CI:0.062-0.701 ) and activities of daily living (ADL)(OR=0.839,95％ CI:0.725-0.972)were independent risk factors of cognitive impairment in rural elderly patients. Conclusions Age,stroke and LDL-C are independent risk factors for rural elderly patients in the community.