Objective : To investigate the cross⁃sectional associations of serum interleukin( IL) Ⅳ18 with cartilage volume , cartilage defects , bone marrow lesions ( BML) and biomarkers of cartilage degradation in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) , and to provide new ideas and new methods for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The study included 151 patients with knee OA , a general questionnaire survey was conducted , and the knee strucral was photographed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . The cartilage volume was measured by OsiriX software in 3D⁃FLASH sequence , and cartilage defect and BML were determined in T2⁃weighted sequence. Serum IL-18 and matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP) Ⅳ3 , 13 levels were measured by enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) . SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results : In multivariable analyses , serum IL⁃18 level was consistent at divided part of joint (femorotibial joint and the patella femoral joint , all P < 0. 05) . Serum IL⁃18 level was positively associated with cartilage defect and BML at media femorotibial area (all P < 0. 01) . Serum IL⁃18 level was positively associated with MMP⁃3 (β = 0. 31 , 95% CI:0. 001 - 0. 010) and MMP⁃13 (β = 0. 86 , 95% CI:0. 08 - 0. 10 , all P < 0. 01) . CI:0. 08 - 0. 10 , all P < 0. 01) . Conclusion Serum IL⁃18 level is negatively associated with cartilage volume and Serum IL⁃18 level is negatively associated with cartilage volume and positively associated with cartilage defect , BML , MMP⁃3 and MMP⁃13 , suggesting IL⁃18 may play a significant role duce the injury of article cartilage in patients with knee OA and delay the progression of disease.

Objective:To analyze the evolutionary characteristics and variation of etiological agent in an acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreak in a city of Guangdong province in May, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating a new round of measures for prevention and control of AHC epidemic.Methods:In this study, 20 conjunctival swabs were collected from AHC patients, and enterovirus, human enterovirus 70 (HEV70) and coxsackievirus A 24 variant (CVA24v) nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. In addition, the VP1 and 3Cpro regions of the CVA24v positive samples were sequenced to analyze their evolutionary relationship with the CVA24v strains circulating in China and abroad.Results:All the 20 eye swab samples were EV-positive, and CVA24v-positive, with a positive rate of 100.00%, and all were HEV70-negative.The genomes of CVA24v in VP1 and 3Cpro regions of CVA24v in 5 and 7 samples were successfully sequenced. Based on molecular characterization analysis of VP1 and 3Cpro regions, it was found that the CVA24v isolated in this outbreak had the greatest nucleotide similarity with the CVA24v strains isolated in Thailand in 2014 and French Reunion Islands in 2015. The phylogenetic analysis of 3Cpro and VP1 regions showed that the CVA24v isolated in this outbreak is clustered together with the CVA24v that was prevalent in Thailand in 2014 and the French Reunion Islands in 2015, and have high affinity. Compared with CVA24v isolated in Guangdong in 2010, Thailand in 2014, and French Reunion Islands in 2015, CVA24v isolated in this outbreak was replaced at 4 amino acid sites in 3Cpro region and 1 amino acid site in VP1 region.Conclusions:The cause of this outbreak is enterovirus CVA24v, which has the highest similarity to CVA24v isolated in Thailand in 2014 and in the French Reunion Islands in 2015. There were new amino acid mutations in both 3Cpro and VP1 regions.

Objective:For severe skin defects which are deep to dermis, engineered skin with epidermis and dermis (bilayered) is required. Based on the success of engineering epidermis with GT/PCL electrospun membranes, our study was to investigate whether this membrane could be also used for engineering bilayered skin graft.Methods:From 2013 to 2019, we first prepared three GT/PCL electrospun membranes with different proportion (70∶30; 50∶50; 30∶70) in our laboratory; the biocompatibility of the membrane was evaluated in vitro by seeding fibroblasts or keratinocytes on the membranes. Then the outcome of GT/PCL membranes repairing skin defects in the nude mouse was investigated.Results:Cell attachment and proliferation were significantly improved with increase of gelatin. Histological analyses showed that bilayered skin engineered with GT/PCL (70∶30) group could form relatively better structure after 3 weeks of cultivation in vitro. Further in vivo transplantation studies revealed that scaffolds were not degraded in all three groups, indicating that these materials were not suitable for engineering bilayered skin although they had good biocompatibility.Conclusions:The higher gelatin membranes possess better biocompatibility. Further in vivo transplantation studies reveal that bilayered skin engineered with GT/PCL membranes is able to repair skin defects in the nude mouse.

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the medication of elderly inpatients receiving multiple medication， to evaluate the effects of pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists， and to provide reference for clinical drug use of elderly patients. METHODS： The elderly inpatients receiving multiple medication were selected from Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University during Oct. 2018 to Feb. 2019. The process of pharmaceutical care for elderly inpatients was established and developed through the CGA team of the elderly. PCNE classification system was used to analyze drug-related problems； Bayliff tool was used to evaluate the harmfulness of drug-related problems； Morisky questionnaire was used to analyze medication compliance. Drug use was followed up 3 months after discharge to evaluate the effect of clinical pharmacist’s intervention. RESULTS： A total of 71 elderly inpatients with multiple medication were included， 73.24％ of them （52 patients） suffered from 54 drug-related problems， 32 of which were related to therapeutic effects （59.26％）， 13 （24.07％） drug adverse events （possible）， 9 unnecessary drug therapy problems （16.67％）. There were 69 causes of pharmaceutical related problems， of which 58 （84.06％） were doctor’s orders. The main causes were drug selection （36.23％）， drug dosage （24.64％） and drug dosage form （20.29％）. Totally 143 interventions were conducted by clinical pharmacists， including 102 successful interventions， with success rate of 71.33％. The highest acceptance of intervention was adverse drug events reporting（100％）， followed by patient level （97.56％）， doctor level （65.12％） and drug level （52.83％）. Among 54 pharmaceutical-related problems， the most potential hazards were grade 1 hazards， involving 35 problems （64.81％）. The score of medication compliance in patients who received medication education from clinical pharmacists was （6.19±0.58）， which was significantly higher than （4.13±1.62） at the initial stage of admission （P＜0.05）. Follow-up results showed that 6 patients discontinued drugs by themselves， and 13 patients took drugs additionally by themselves. CONCLUSIONS： Drug related problems were common in elderly inpatients receiving multiple medication. Clinical pharmacists can establish a feasible pharmaceutical care process suitable for clinical needs according to the actual clinical situation. With the help of relevant evaluation tools such as relevant drug criteria， drug instructions and drug software， and at the same time， according to the physiological and pathological conditions of patients， they can cooperate with clinicians to select suitable therapeutic drugs for elderly patients to reduce the phenomenon of unreasonable medication and multiple medication， so as to improve the effectiveness and safety of drug use in the elderly.

Objective To analyze the relationship between tumor top,tumor neck,tumor rupture point of intraoperative aneurysm rupture (IAR) and the prognosis in patients with anterior circulation aneurysms (ACA) by craniotomy clipping.Methods Clinical materials of 123 patients with ACA (135 aneurysms) by craniotomy clipping were analyzed retrospectively,including 40 patients had IAR (41 aneurysms) during operation.The general informations of IAR patients were analyzed.Prognostic factors of IAR were analyzed by single and multiple factor analysis.Results The sex,age,history of hypertension,aneurysm diameter,the use of temporary blockage and blocking time,intraoperative blood loss showed no significant influences on the prognosis of patients with IAR (P ＞0.05),while preoperative Hunt-Hess classification and intraoperative rupture were the influencing factors for the prognosis of IAR patients (P ＜ 0.01).The preoperative Hunt-Hess classification and intraoperative rupture were the independent risk factors for the prognosis of IAR patients (P ＜0.01).Conclusion In craniotomy clipping,the different aneurysm rupture points can significantly affect the prognosis of patients with ACA,and aneurysm neck rupture is a main factor for poor prognosis of patients.

Objective To analyze the relationship between tumor top,tumor neck,tumor rupture point of intraoperative aneurysm rupture (IAR) and the prognosis in patients with anterior circulation aneurysms (ACA) by craniotomy clipping.Methods Clinical materials of 123 patients with ACA (135 aneurysms) by craniotomy clipping were analyzed retrospectively,including 40 patients had IAR (41 aneurysms) during operation.The general informations of IAR patients were analyzed.Prognostic factors of IAR were analyzed by single and multiple factor analysis.Results The sex,age,history of hypertension,aneurysm diameter,the use of temporary blockage and blocking time,intraoperative blood loss showed no significant influences on the prognosis of patients with IAR (P ＞0.05),while preoperative Hunt-Hess classification and intraoperative rupture were the influencing factors for the prognosis of IAR patients (P ＜ 0.01).The preoperative Hunt-Hess classification and intraoperative rupture were the independent risk factors for the prognosis of IAR patients (P ＜0.01).Conclusion In craniotomy clipping,the different aneurysm rupture points can significantly affect the prognosis of patients with ACA,and aneurysm neck rupture is a main factor for poor prognosis of patients.

A whole-cell catalyst using Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) as a host, expressing L- threonine dehydratase from Escherichia coli, and co-expressing leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus and glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis for cofactor regeneration, was constructed and used for one-pot production of L-2-aminobutyric acid (L-ABA) and D- gluconic acid from L-threonine and D-glucose. We used shake-flask culture to study the whole-cell catalytic condition including temperature, pH, proper permeabilization of cells and optimal wet cells amount. Moreover, the whole-cell catalyst was cultured in 5-L fermentor by fed-batch fermentation, and 164 g/L L-threonine and 248 g/L D-glucose were converted to 141.6 g/L L-ABA and 269.4 g/L D-gluconic acid. The whole-cell catalyst is promising to fulfill industrial requirements for L-ABA and D-gluconic acid.

Objective To observe the changes of brain neurotransmitters in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) with encephalofluc-tuogram technology (ET). Methods From August, 2015 to December, 2016, 30 patients with VVS were selected as case group, 30 controls matched with sex and age were selected from the outpatients without syncope. They were detected the function of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) with ET. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the values of GABA, Glu, 5-HT, Ach and DA (t<1.680, P>0.05), while the values of NE was higher in the case group than in the control group (t=-3.552, P<0.001). Conclusion VVS may be related to the high level of activity of NE in the brain.

Objective To analyze the status quo of the occupational quality of the nursing assistant for the aged by bibliometric analysis.Methods We searched literatures on occupational quality of nursing assistant published in CNKI and Wanfang Data knowledge service platform from January 2000 to December 2016. We set up a database and analyzed the title, author, year, province of first author, organization of first author, fund assistance, citation, research contents, etc.Results A total of 94 papers were included, including 76 periodicals and 18 master's theses, and the number of literature showed an upward trend; the first author came from 16 provinces, 3 municipalities directly under the central government and 1 autonomous regions; institutions of traditional Chinese medicine accounted for the largest proportion, accounting for 84.04%; 53 literatures (55.79%) were provided with fund assistance; 59 literatures were completed by cooperation of 2 or more persons, making the coauthoring rate of 62.77% and literature cooperation degree was 2.85 (268/94); The citations of 79 papers were less than 10 times, of which there were totally 52 (55.32%) not being quoted or being quoted once; the research contents covered a wide range of subjects, including occupational quality training, occupational quality research, and others, accounting for 45.74%, 31.91% and 15.96% respectively. Conclusions The number of literatures on occupational quality of nursing assistant for the aged are increasing. There are differences in the number of literatures between different regions and organizations, with high fund subsidy rate, cooperation degree and low cited frequency. Research contents need to be further expanded and innovated.

Objective] To discuss the inner experiences of occupational injury of laboratory animal workers, and provide basis for conducting targeted occupational protective education and health management. [Methods] The phenomenological methodology was used in the study. 12 laboratory animal workers were participated in non-structured interview regarding the experiences of occupational injury. [Results] 3 themes were found including:category of occupational injury(physical injury, chemical injury, biological injury); emotional experiences of occupational injury(fears and concerns, helplessness and self-abasement); help most needed(more attention, knowledge supports, advanced and convenient protective equipment and hardware facilities). [Conclusion] Management of experimental animal industry should lay great emphasis on occupational health and protection of laboratory animal workers, increase both financial and material resources, and enhance occupational protection education, in order to maximize bad physical and psychological effects from occupational injury.