ObjectiveTo find out whether there is any difference in the monitoring results of mosq-ovitraps placed in different orientations in multi-storey residential areas, so as to provide a scientific basis for routine and emergency monitoring of Aedes albopictus with mosq-ovitraps in residential areas. MethodsFrom July 6th to October 26th 2023, one mosquito ovitrap was set up in each of the 4 orientations of east, south, west and north around the buildings in a multi-storey residential area in Jinhui Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai. Data was collected and recorded 72 hours after placement. The chi-square test was used to compare the mosquito ovitrap indices (MOIs) of two independent samples, and the Kruskal⁃Wallis H test was used to compare the MOIs of multiple independent samples. ResultsAfter 16 weeks of surveillance, 997 mosquito ovitraps were recovered, of which 211 were positive, with the mosquito ovitrap index (MOI) of 21.16% and the Aedes albopictus density index of 1.03 mosquitoes·ovitrap^-1. The MOIs were higher in September (24.22%) and October (23.96%), and the MOIs in the west, south and north within the two months were all above 20.00%. From July to October, the MOIs in the east, west, south and north were 20.70%, 22.20%, 25.50% and 16.20%, respectively, and the difference in MOIs among the 4 orientations was not statistically significant (χ²=6.647, P=0.084). Stratified analysis by month showed that in August, the south side of the multi-storey residential areas had the highest MOI (31.30%), the north side had the lowest MOI (1.30%), and there was a statistically significant difference in MOI in the east, west, south and north (χ²=25.986, P<0.001). In October, the MOI in the west was the highest (33.30%) and the MOI in the east was the lowest (6.30%), the difference in MOIs of the 4 orientations was statistically significant (χ²=12.007, P=0.007). The MOIs in the south side of the building in the outskirts of the residential area from the 1st week in July to the 4th week in October was lower (19.20%) than that in the south side of the inner building (31.70%), and the difference in MOI was statistically significant (χ²=5.118, P=0.024). ConclusionThe study of MOI in different orientations in a multi-storey residential area is a preliminary exploration based on field work, and the results show that there is a difference in MOIs in different orientations during the peak breeding period of mosquitoes. Further indicators such as temperature, humidity and wind speed in different orientations can be collected to explore the influencing factors of MOIs.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)polysaccharides are active polysaccharides extracted from Chinese herbal medicines,many of which exhibit specific biological activities.Modern research has revealed that polysaccharide components extracted from plants,animals,and algae have a significant role in improving kidney injury.Currently,drug therapy is the primary treatment for kidney injury,with few reports on the use of TCM polysaccharides.This review explores the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy,nephritis,kidney stones,hypertension-induced kidney injury,chemical toxin-induced kidney injury,and drug-induced kidney injury.Additionally,it discusses the prospects for the development of TCM polysaccharides in this field to provide a reference for further research.

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is an important regulator of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, which are associated with insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To elucidate the role of hepatic DDAH1 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, we used hepatocyte-specific Ddah1-knockout mice (Ddah1^HKO) to examine the progress of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Compared to diet-matched flox/flox littermates (Ddah1^f/f), Ddah1^HKO mice exhibited higher serum ADMA levels. After HFD feeding for 16 weeks, Ddah1^HKO mice developed more severe liver steatosis and worse insulin resistance than Ddah1^f/f mice. On the contrary, overexpression of DDAH1 attenuated the NAFLD-like phenotype in HFD-fed mice and ob/ob mice. RNA-seq analysis showed that DDAH1 affects NF-κB signaling, lipid metabolic processes, and immune system processes in fatty livers. Furthermore, DDAH1 reduces S100 calcium-binding protein A11 (S100A11) possibly via NF-κB, JNK and oxidative stress-dependent manner in fatty livers. Knockdown of hepatic S100a11 by an AAV8-shS100a11 vector alleviated hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in HFD-fed Ddah1^HKO mice. In summary, our results suggested that the liver DDAH1/S100A11 axis has a marked effect on liver lipid metabolism in obese mice. Strategies to increase liver DDAH1 activity or decrease S100A11 expression could be a valuable approach for NAFLD therapy.

BACKGROUND: Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells in tumors that exhibit self-renewal and differentiation properties. CSCs play a vital role in tumor formation, progression, relapse, and therapeutic resistance. B7-H3, an immunoregulatory protein, has many protumor functions. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the role of B7-H3 in regulating gastric cancer (GC) stemness. Our study aimed to explore the impacts of B7-H3 on GC stemness and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: GC stemness influenced by B7-H3 was detected both in vitro and in vivo . The expression of stemness-related markers was examined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. Sphere formation assay was used to detect the sphere-forming ability. The underlying regulatory mechanism of B7-H3 on the stemness of GC was investigated by mass spectrometry and subsequent validation experiments. The signaling pathway (Protein kinase B [Akt]/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [Nrf2] pathway) of B7-H3 on the regulation of glutathione (GSH) metabolism was examined by Western blotting assay. Multi-color immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was used to detect the expression of B7-H3, cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), and Nrf2 on human GC tissues. Student's t -test was used to compare the difference between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between two molecules. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. RESULTS: B7-H3 knockdown suppressed the stemness of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo . Mass spectrometric analysis showed the downregulation of GSH metabolism in short hairpin B7-H3 GC cells, which was further confirmed by the experimental results. Meanwhile, stemness characteristics in B7-H3 overexpressing cells were suppressed after the inhibition of GSH metabolism. Furthermore, Western blotting suggested that B7-H3-induced activation of GSH metabolism occurred through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway, and inhibition of AKT signaling pathway could suppress not only GSH metabolism but also GC stemness. mIHC showed that B7-H3 was highly expressed in GC tissues and was positively correlated with the expression of CD44 and Nrf2. Importantly, GC patients with high expression of B7-H3, CD44, and Nrf2 had worse prognosis ( P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS B7-H3 has a regulatory effect on GC stemness and the regulatory effect is achieved through the AKT/Nrf2/GSH pathway. Inhibiting B7-H3 expression may be a new therapeutic strategy against GC.
Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Stomach Neoplasms

[摘 要] 目的：检测miR-452-5p在食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）中的表达，并探讨其异常表达对食管癌KYSE-150细胞增殖、侵袭能力和EMT进程的影响及其分子机制。方法：收集2012年3月至2015年12月在河北医科大学第四医院就诊的86名ESCC患者的癌组织样本和对应的癌旁组织，用qPCR法检测miR-452-5p及其他相关基因在ESCC组织和细胞中的表达；向KYSE-150细胞中分别转染miR-452-5p mimic或pcDNA3.1-SOX7构建过表达的细胞株。分析miR-452-5p表达与ESCC病理特征和患者5年OS的关系。用MTS、Tanswell法检测miR-452-5p过表达对食管癌KYSE-150细胞增殖、侵袭能力和EMT进程的影响；用双荧光素酶报告基因实验及TOP/FOP报告基因系统检测miR-452-5p与SRY盒转录因子（SOX7）3'UTR区的结合作用及对Wnt/β-catenin通路活化水平的影响。结果：miR-452-5p在ESCC组织中呈明显高表达（P<0.01），并与ESCC患者的淋巴结转移、TNM分期及5年OS密切相关（均P<0.01）。miR-452-5p过表达明显促进食管癌KYSE-150细胞的增殖、侵袭能力及EMT进程（P<0.05或P<0.01）。SOX7是miR-452-5p的直接靶基因，miR-452-5p通过对SOX7的负向调控影响了Wnt通路活化水平（P<0.05或P<0.01），同时，miR-452-5p表达也受Wnt通路活化水平的影响（P<0.05或P<0.01），其可能为Wnt通路下游靶基因。结论：miR-452-5p通过miR-452-5p/SOX7/Wnt/miR-452-5p正反馈环路提高Wnt/β-catenin通路活化水平，进而促进ESCC KYSE-150细胞的增殖、侵袭能力及EMT进程，miR-452-5p有望成为ESCC患者靶向治疗的潜在靶点及预后评估的新型分子标志物。

Background/Aims: The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising in Asia recently. The study aimed to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the current status of drug therapy and monitoring for IBD in Asia. Methods: A questionnaire investigation on drug therapy and monitoring for IBD was conducted right before the 6th Annual Meeting of Asian Organization for Crohn’s & Colitis. Questionnaires were provided to Asian physicians to fill out via emails between March and May 2018. Results: In total, responses of 166 physicians from 129 medical centers were included for analysis. Among the surveyed regions, the most average number of IBD specialist gastroenterologists and nurses was 4.8 per center in Taiwan and 2.5 per center in Mainland China, respectively. 5-Aminosalicylic acid/sulfasalazine (99.4%) was the most preferred first-line choice for mild-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC), meanwhile corticosteroid (83.7%) was widely applied for severe UC. The first-line medication for Crohn’s disease (CD) markedly varied as corticosteroid (68.1%) was the most favored in Mainland China, Japan, and South Korea, followed by infliximab (52.4%) and azathioprine (47.0%). Step-up strategy was preferred in mild-moderate UC (96.4%), while 51.8% of the physicians selected top-down treatment for CD. Only 25.9% and 17.5% of the physicians could test blood concentration of infliximab and antibody to infliximab in their hospitals, respectively. Conclusions The current status of drug therapy and monitoring for IBD in Asia possesses commonalities as well as differences. Asian recommendations, IBD specialist teams and practice of therapeutic drug monitoring are required to improve IBD management in Asia.

With the extensive application of highly sensitive genetic techniques in the field of prenatal diagnosis, prenatal chromosomal mosaicisms including true fetal mosaicisms and confined placental mosaicisms are frequently identified in clinical settings, and the diagnostic criteria and principle of genetic counseling and clinical management for such cases may vary significantly among healthcare centers across the country. This not only has brought challenges to laboratory technician, genetic counselor and fetal medicine doctor, but can also cause confusion and anxiety of the pregnant woman and their family members. In this regard, we have formulated a consensus over the prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for chromosomal mosaicisms with the aim to promote more accurate and rational evaluation for fetal chromosomal mosaicisms in prenatal clinics.
Consensus ; Female ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Mosaicism ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/methods*

Objective:By analyzing the early- and mid-term clinical results of type Ⅱ hybrid aortic arch repair(HAAR) for the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection(ATAAD), the efficacy of hybridization technique in the application of acute type A aortic dissection was evaluated systematically.Methods:We retrospectively studied the records of patients with ATAAD who were admitted to the Beijing Fuwai Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018. 504 patients were included for analysis , 383 men and 121 women, mean age(50.0±11.7) years, the rate of hypertension was 79.6%, the average time of onset to operation was(69.5±40.0) hours. During this period, 110 continuous patients underwent hybrid aortic arch repair(HAAR) without deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, the landing zone of stent was located in ascending aorta(zone 0); 394 consecutive patients with ATAAD involving the aortic arch received traditional total aortic arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk(FET). A propensity score-matching analysis was applied to adjust for age and gender.The preoperative, perioperative and postoperative data in the HAAR group and FET group were compared.Results:For all 504 patients , male patients accounted for 75.9%. There were 24 cases of early death(4.8%), 20 cases of stroke(4.0%) and 7 cases of paralysis(1.4%). HAAR group showed more age[(62.1±6.8) years vs (46.6±10.4) years, P<0.001)], hypertension(87.3% vs 77.4%, P=0.033), coronary artery disease(13.6% vs 6.1%, P=0.016) and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(12.7% vs 3.6%, P=0.001) than the FET group. HAAR group showed shorter cardiopulmonary bypass time[(143.7±53.7) min vs (175.3±52.7) min, P<0.001] and aortic cross-clamping time[(78.5±33.6) min vs (106.9±37.8) min, P<0.001] than the FET group. Between the two groups there was no significant difference in operative mortality, rate of reoperation, and late mortality. Follow-up period ranged from 2 to 43 months, averaged(22.6±11.1) months. During folloe-up period , there were 5 cases of death(4.9%) and 3 cases of reoperation(3.1%) in HAAR group, 10 cases of death(2.7%) and 11 cases of reoperation(3.3%) in FET group. 3 patients lost follow-up because of not been rechecked in the outpatient department or the phone was not connected. Conclusion:This single -stage hybrid arch procedure offers an alternative approach to acute type A dissection and associated with acceptable early and midterm major morbidity and mortality in old-age patients. Future further researches are required to confirm the long-term outcomes.

Objective     To explore impact of climate change on aortic dissection and to put forward a new way about prediction and prevention of aortic dissection. Methods     We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of acute aortic dissection patients came from Hebei province in Fuwai Hospital between 2010 and 2016 year. Meanwhile, we collected monthly maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, average pressure, amount of rainfall, sunshine, humidity and other meteorological data. Generalized model was implied to explore climate change and the incidence of aortic dissection. Results     A total of 1 121 acute aortic dissection patients from Hebei province were admitted in Fuwai Hospital during the period of 6 years. There were 774 patients were type A aortic dissection, and 347 patients were type B aortic dissection. The average age was 51.4±12.0 years. There were 873 males and 248 females. There were 889 (79.3%) patients with hypertension, 99 (8.83%) with Marfan syndrome. It was found that temperature, humidity and air pressure were all statistically significant for indication aortic dissection through single variable analysis (P<0.01). The temperature was only variable by one-way analysis of variance (P<0.01). The lowest temperature has the best predictive effect on the occurrence of aortic dissection. The relative risk was 1.02 with 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.03. Conclusion     The change of climatic conditions can affect the occurrence of aortic dissection, and the lowest temperature is an important trigger factor for aortic dissection onset.

Objective Nowadays, emergency surgery is the most important method to treat acute type A aortic dissec-tion.There are many factors that can affect the prognosis, but the relationship between time period and the prognosis of aortic dissection surgery has not been reported.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between different time periods and the prognosis of acute type A aortic dissection surgery .Methods We retrospectively analyzed the characteris-tics of acute type A aortic dissection surgery in Fuwai Hospital from 2010 to 2015.All patients were divided into two groups ac-cording to different time period .Propensity matching analysis was used to compare in-hospital mortality and post-operative com-plications of these groups.Results There were 698 cases acute aortic dissection surgery during study period.321 cases were operated in the nighttime(45.98％), the others were operated during daytime(54.02％).After propensity score matching, the operation time, extracorporeal bypass time, and the aortic blocking time of nighttime group were longer than daytime group , and there was a statistical difference(P<0.01).There was a statistical difference between the two groups of postoperative con-tinuous renal replacement therapy.Nighttime group had higher incidence(15.94％ vs.5.64 ％, P<0.01).There was statis-tically significant in 30-day mortality between daytime group and nighttime group(5.26％ vs.10.53％, P=0.03).The mul-tiple-factor risk analysis of 30-day mortality in the whole group found that nighttime surgery was an independent risk factor ( OR 2.13, 95％CI 1.19-3.81, P=0.01).Conclusion For acute type A aortic dissection surgery, nighttime surgery may be the important factor for increasing 30-day mortality.For relatively stable patients, avoiding nighttime surgery may increase survival rate.