Humans ; Sleep, REM ; Memory ; Sleep ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Brain/metabolism* ; Oxytocin ; Light

Objective:To investigate the differences of white matter diffusion properties between vulnerable and resistant individuals to continuous attention after sleep deprivation.Methods:According to the psychomotor vigilance test performance before and after sleep deprivation, the participants were divided into the vulnerable group( n=24) and resistant group( n=25). All participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans.Tract based spatial statistics(TBSS) was used to compare fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), axial diffusivity(AD), radial diffusivity(RD) maps between the two groups.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted by SPSS 24.0 to investigate the relationships between the altered DTI metrics and PVT task performance. Results:(1) Compared with resistant group, FA value of vulnerable group decreased in the body of corpus callosum(x, y, z=-8, 9, 25, t=-7.855), right superior longitudinal fasciculus(x, y, z=-39, -7, 26, t=-6.252), bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule(x, y, z=-13, 8, 13, t=-5.235; x, y, z=12, 8, 3, t=-5.024) and right posterior thalamic radiation(x, y, z=-26, -56, 17, t=-5.469)(TFCE corrected, P<0.05, cluster size≥50 voxel). (2) Compared with resistant group, MD value of vulnerable group increased in the body of corpus callosum(x, y, z=-3, -6, 26, t=7.613), right superior longitudinal fasciculus(x, y, z=-31, -19, 38, t=5.314), bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule(x, y, z=-16, 7, 8, t=6.898; x, y, z=15, 5, 7, t=6.652), splenium of corpus callosum(x, y, z=27, -53, 17, t=6.541), and AD value increased in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus(x, y, z=-33, -19, 39, t=4.892), splenium of corpus callosum(x, y, z=-22, -49, 21, t=5.450), genu of corpus callosum(x, y, z=4, 26, 0, t=4.332), as well as RD value increased in the right superior corona radiata(x, y, z=-17, 1, 33, t=7.558), body of corpus callosum(x, y, z=4, -8, 26, t=6.699), right anterior limb of internal capsule(x, y, z=-12, 7, 3, t=5.212) (TFCE corrected, P<0.05, cluster size≥50 voxel). (3) Correlational analysis revealed that the negative correlations were found between PVT task performance and the FA value in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus( r=-0.492, P<0.001), right anterior limb of internal capsule( r=-0.510, P<0.001), right posterior thalamic radiation( r=-0.502, P<0.001) and body of corpus callosum( r=-0.464, P<0.001). The positive correlations were found between PVT task performance and the MD value in the body of corpus callosum( r=0.500, P<0.001), right superior longitudinal fasciculus( r=0.499, P<0.001), splenium of corpus callosum( r=0.462, P<0.001), right anterior limb of internal capsule( r=0.471, P<0.001), and AD value in right superior longitudinal fasciculus( r=0.643, P<0.001), as well as RD value in right superior corona radiate( r=0.498, P<0.001) (Bonferroni corrected, P<0.003). Conclusion:Differences in the microstructural characteristics of white matter fiber tracts in specific brain regions may constitute the potential neuropathological basis for the phenotypes of vulnerable and resistant individuals to continuous attention after sleep deprivation.

Animals ; Anxiety ; Fear ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Social Behavior

An innovative,ternary nanocomposite composed of overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(OPEDOT),gold nanoparticles (AuNPs),and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) was prepared on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (OPEDOT-AuNPs-ERGO/GCE) through homogeneous chemical reactions and heterogeneous electrochemical methods.The morphology,composition,and structure of this nanocomposite were characterized by transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The electrochemical properties of the OPEDOT-AuNPs-ERGO/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry using potassium ferricyanide and hexaammineruthenium(Ⅲ) chloride redox probe systems.This modified electrode shows excellent electro-catalytic activity for dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) under physiological pH conditions,but inhibits the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA).Linear voltammetric responses were obtained when DA concentrations of approximately 4.0-100 μM and UA concentrations of approximately 20-100 μM were used.The detection limits (S/N=3) for DA and UA were 1.0 and 5.0 μ.M,respectively,under physiological conditions and in the presence of 1.0 mM of AA.This developed method was applied to the simultaneous detection of DA and UA in human urine,where satisfactory recoveries from 96.7％ to 105.0％were observed.This work demonstrates that the developed OPEDOT-AuNPs-ERGO ternary nano-composite,with its excellent ion-selectivity and electro-catalytic activity,is a promising candidate for the simultaneous detection of DA and UA in the presence of AA in physiological and pathological studies.

Objective    To compare the clinical effects of segmentectomy and lobectomy for ≤2 cm lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary and solid subtype negative by intraoperative frozen sections. Methods    The patients with adenocarcinoma who received segmentectomy or lobectomy in multicenter from June 2020 to March 2021 were included. They were divided into two groups according to a random number table, including a segmentectomy group (n=119, 44 males and 75 females with an average age of 56.6±8.9 years) and a lobectomy group (n=115, 43 males and 72 females with an average of 56.2±9.5 years). The clinical data of the patients were analyzed. Results    There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). No perioperative death was found. There was no statistical difference in the operation time (111.2±30.0 min vs. 107.3±34.3 min), blood loss (54.2±83.5 mL vs. 40.0±16.4 mL), drainage duration (2.8±0.6 d vs. 2.6±0.6 d), hospital stay time (3.9±2.3 d vs. 3.7±1.1 d) or pathology staging (P>0.05) between the two groups. The postoperative pulmonary function analysis revealed that the mean decreased values of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted in the segmentectomy group were significantly better than those in the lobectomy group (0.2±0.3 L vs. 0.4±0.3 L, P=0.005; 0.3%±8.1% vs. 2.9%±7.4%, P=0.041). Conclusion    Segmentectomy is effective in protecting lungs function, which is expected to improve life quality of patients.

Objective: To investigage the three-dimensional changes in condylar position after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) in skeletal class Ⅲpatients with mandibular deviation using cone-beam CT (CBCT). Methods: Twenty-five skeletal class Ⅲ patients with mandibular deviation were included. The patients (12 males and 13 females, aged 19-25 years, average age 22.4 years) were treated in the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University from October 2013 to March 2017. The patients were divided into T1, T2 and T3 groups (T1 group: CBCT taken within 1 week before operation; T2 group: CBCT taken within 1 week after operation; T3 group: CBCT taken 6-8 months after surgery). Three sets of image data of condyles on both sides (deviation side and contralateral side) were obtained. After the DICOM data collection, the software of Mimics 17.0 was used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction and condylar position measurements: the distance from the condylar top (CoT) to the standard horizontal plane (SHP), the middle sagittal plane (MSP) and the sella coronal plane (SCP) (CoT-SHP, CoT-MSP, CoT-SCP); the distance from the condylar center (CoC) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CoC-SHP, CoC-MSP, CoC-SCP); the angle from the condyle cella plane (CCP) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CCP-SHP, CCP-MSP, CCP-SCP); the angle from the condyle sagittal plane (CSP) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CSP-SHP, CSP-MSP, CSP-SCP) and the distance of the anterior, superior, posterior, medial, central and lateral joint space. One-way ANOVA and LSD-t test were used to compare the changes in condylar position at different periods (T1, T2, and T3). Results: Within 1 week before operation on the deviation side, CoT-SHP [(2.5±1.3) mm], CSP-MSP (41.2°±8.4°) and the posterior joint space [(2.0±0.6) mm] were obviously increased (P<0.05), and CoT-SCP [(9.1±3.3) mm], CCP-MSP (78.2°±5.2°) were decreased significantly (P<0.05); on the contralateral side, CoT-MSP [(50.4±3.1) mm], CCP-MSP (80.6°±6.0°), the anterior joint space [(2.2±0.6) mm] and the medial joint space [(2.6±0.6) mm] were obviously increased (P<0.05), and CCP-SCP (11.4°±8.8°) were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Six to eight months after surgery, CoT-SHP [(2.2±1.0) mm] and the posterior joint space [(1.9±0.5) mm] on deviation side and CoT-SCP [(8.4±2.8) mm] on the contralateral side were increased significantly (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in other measurements (P>0.05). Conclusions The condylar position in skeletal class Ⅲ patients with mandibular deviation was asymmetrical. Within 1 week after the operation of BSSRO, the condyle on the deviation side was moved forward, downward and inward. Meanwhile, the condyle on the contralateral side was moved backward and outward. Six to eight months after surgery, the condylar position on both sides was gradually restored to the pre-operative condylar position.

To investigage the three?dimensional changes in condylar position after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) in skeletal classⅢpatients with mandibular deviation using cone?beam CT (CBCT). Methods Twenty?five skeletal class Ⅲ patients with mandibular deviation were included. The patients (12 males and 13 females, aged 19?25 years, average age 22.4 years) were treated in the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University from October 2013 to March 2017. The patients were divided into T1, T2 and T3 groups (T1 group: CBCT taken within 1 week before operation; T2 group: CBCT taken within 1 week after operation; T3 group: CBCT taken 6?8 months after surgery). Three sets of image data of condyles on both sides (deviation side and contralateral side) were obtained. After the DICOM data collection, the software of Mimics 17.0 was used to perform three?dimensional reconstruction and condylar position measurements: the distance from the condylar top (CoT) to the standard horizontal plane (SHP), the middle sagittal plane (MSP) and the sella coronal plane (SCP) (CoT?SHP, CoT?MSP, CoT?SCP); the distance from the condylar center (CoC) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CoC?SHP, CoC?MSP, CoC?SCP); the angle from the condyle cella plane (CCP) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CCP?SHP, CCP?MSP, CCP?SCP); the angle from the condyle sagittal plane (CSP) to SHP, MSP and SCP (CSP?SHP, CSP?MSP, CSP?SCP) and the distance of the anterior, superior, posterior, medial, central and lateral joint space. One?way ANOVA and LSD-t test were used to compare the changes in condylar position at different periods (T1, T2, and T3). Results Within 1 week before operation on the deviation side, CoT?SHP [(2.5±1.3) mm], CSP?MSP (41.2°±8.4°) and the posterior joint space [(2.0±0.6) mm] were obviously increased (P<0.05), and CoT?SCP [(9.1±3.3) mm], CCP?MSP (78.2°±5.2°) were decreased significantly (P<0.05); on the contralateral side, CoT?MSP [(50.4±3.1) mm], CCP?MSP (80.6°±6.0°), the anterior joint space [(2.2±0.6) mm] and the medial joint space [(2.6±0.6) mm] were obviously increased (P<0.05), and CCP?SCP (11.4°±8.8°) were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Six to eight months after surgery, CoT?SHP [(2.2± 1.0) mm] and the posterior joint space [(1.9±0.5) mm] on deviation side and CoT?SCP [(8.4±2.8) mm] on the contralateral side were increased significantly (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in other measurements (P>0.05). Conclusions The condylar position in skeletal classⅢpatients with mandibular deviation was asymmetrical. Within 1 week after the operation of BSSRO, the condyle on the deviation side was moved forward, downward and inward. Meanwhile, the condyle on the contralateral side was moved backward and outward. Six to eight months after surgery, the condylar position on both sides was gradually restored to the pre?operative condylar position.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) after abdominal surgery and to further evaluate the related risk factors of SSI in China. METHODS: The multicenter cross-sectional study collected clinical data of all adult patients who underwent abdominal surgery from May 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018 in 30 domestic hospitals, including basic information, perioperative parameters, and incisional microbial culture results. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI within postoperative 30 days. SSI was classified into superficial incision infection, deep incision infection, and organ/gap infection according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. The secondary outcome variables were ICU stay, postoperative hospital stay, total hospital stay, 30-day mortality and treatment costs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of SSI. RESULTS: A total of 1666 patients were enrolled in the study, including 263 cases of East War Zone Hospital of PLA, 140 cases of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 108 cases of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 87 cases of Central War Zone Hospital of PLA, 77 cases of West China Hospital, 74 cases of Guangdong General Hospital, 71 cases of Chenzhou First People's Hospital, 71 cases of Zigong First People's Hospital, 64 cases of Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, 56 cases of Nanyang City Central Hospital, 56 cases of Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, 56 cases of Shandong Provincial Hospital, 52 cases of Shangqiu First People's Hospital, 52 cases of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 48 cases of The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 48 cases of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 44 cases of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 38 cases of Hunan Province People's Hospital, 36 cases of Dongguan Kanghua Hospital, 30 cases of Shaoxing Central Hospital, 30 cases of Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, 29 vases of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 27 cases of General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 22 cases of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, 21 cases of The Second Hospital of University of South China, 18 cases of Tongji Hospital, 15 cases of Nanchong Central Hospital, 12 cases of The 901th Hospital of PLA, 11 cases of Hunan Cancer Hospital, 10 cases of Lanzhou University Second Hospital. There were 1019 males and 647 females with mean age of (56.5±15.3) years old. SSI occurred in 80 patients (4.8%) after operation, including 39 cases of superficial incision infection, 16 cases of deep incision infection, and 25 cases of organ/interstitial infection. Escherichia coli was the main pathogen of SSI, and the positive rate was 32.5% (26/80). Compared with patients without SSI, those with SSI had significantly higher ICU occupancy rate [38.8%(31/80) vs. 13.9%(220/1586), P<0.001], postoperative hospital stay (median 17 days vs. 7 days, P<0.001) and total hospital stay (median 22 days vs. 13 days, P<0.001), and significantly higher cost of treatment (median 75 000 yuan vs. 44 000 yuan, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that male rise(OR=2.110, 95%CI:1.175-3.791, P=0.012), preoperative blood glucose level rise(OR=1.100, 95%CI: 1.012-1.197, P=0.026), operative time (OR=1.006, 95%CI:1.003-1.009, P<0.001) and surgical incision grade (clean-contaminated incision:OR=10.207, 95%CI:1.369-76.120, P=0.023; contaminated incision: OR=10.617, 95%CI:1.298-86.865, P=0.028; infection incision: OR=20.173, 95%CI:1.768-230.121, P=0.016) were risk factors for SSI; and laparoscopic surgery (OR=0.348, 95%CI:0.192-0.631, P=0.001) and mechanical bowel preparation(OR=0.441,95%CI:0.221-0.879, P=0.020) were protective factors for SSI. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of postoperative SSI in patients with abdominal surgery in China is 4.8%. SSI can significantly increase the medical burden of patients. Preoperative control of blood glucose and mechanical bowel preparation are important measures to prevent SSI.
Abdomen ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; General Surgery ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Preoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Wound Infection ; prevention & control