1.The Impact of Clinical Competence and Perception of Clinical Ladder System on Organizational Commitment among Nurses at a General Tertiary Hospital
Yeon Hee SHIN ; Mi Ra LEE ; Sung Nam KIM ; Min Jung KIM ; Ae Jin KIM ; Hyun Ja KIM ; Ji Yoon KANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2025;31(1):120-131
		                        		
		                        			 Purpose:
		                        			This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a clinical ladder system in a tertiary hospital by examining how nurses' clinical competence and perceptions of the system affect organizational commitment.  
		                        		
		                        			Methods:
		                        			The study involved 394 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to July 10, 2023, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffé post-hoc test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 27.0.  
		                        		
		                        			Results:
		                        			Nurses who applied for promotion to the CN III level and current CN III nurses reported higher clinical competence, perceptions of the clinical ladder system, and organizational commitment than those who did not and those at lower levels (p<.001). A positive correlation existed among all independent variables.Controlling for general characteristics, the effects of clinical competence and perceptions of the clinical ladder system explained 49% of organizational commitment variance (Adjusted R 2 =.49, F=33.43, p<.001).  
		                        		
		                        			Conclusion
		                        			Greater clinical competence and positive perceptions of the clinical ladder system are likely to enhance organizational commitment, emphasizing its effectiveness in fostering better organizational outcomes. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
2.How to Achieve Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in The Korean Society of Gastroenterology?
Nayoung KIM ; Kwangwoo NAM ; Ki-Nam SHIM ; Hyo Jung KIM ; Su Youn NAM ; Sae Kyung JOO ; Seun Ja PARK ; Yonghoon CHOI ; Yoon Ju JUNG ; Yong Sung KIM ; Ja Kyung KIM ; Seon Mee PARK
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;85(1):22-30
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			 With the increasing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizations and institutions, academic societies in gastroenterology and hepatology are beginning to take actionable steps toward achieving DEI. The successful implementation of DEI initiatives leads to excellence in the field, improved patient outcomes, particularly in areas where health disparities are prevalent, and advances in the gastrointestinal discipline. Such implementation also results in a workforce that better reflects the growing diversity of the population. This review defines DEI and introduces the DEI policies and strategies adopted by the academic societies of gastroenterology in other countries. This paper proposes strategies to integrate DEI better into the Korean Society of Gastroenterology, emphasizing the importance of embedding DEI into the culture and strategic framework. The key strategies include establishing a DEI committee, setting clear targets, and conducting formal assessments to measure DEI progress. This study focused on enhancing workforce diversity, particularly among women and young doctors, and advocates for the need to support their academic development through male allyship and the promotion of equitable and inclusive academic cultures. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
3.How to Achieve Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in The Korean Society of Gastroenterology?
Nayoung KIM ; Kwangwoo NAM ; Ki-Nam SHIM ; Hyo Jung KIM ; Su Youn NAM ; Sae Kyung JOO ; Seun Ja PARK ; Yonghoon CHOI ; Yoon Ju JUNG ; Yong Sung KIM ; Ja Kyung KIM ; Seon Mee PARK
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;85(1):22-30
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			 With the increasing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizations and institutions, academic societies in gastroenterology and hepatology are beginning to take actionable steps toward achieving DEI. The successful implementation of DEI initiatives leads to excellence in the field, improved patient outcomes, particularly in areas where health disparities are prevalent, and advances in the gastrointestinal discipline. Such implementation also results in a workforce that better reflects the growing diversity of the population. This review defines DEI and introduces the DEI policies and strategies adopted by the academic societies of gastroenterology in other countries. This paper proposes strategies to integrate DEI better into the Korean Society of Gastroenterology, emphasizing the importance of embedding DEI into the culture and strategic framework. The key strategies include establishing a DEI committee, setting clear targets, and conducting formal assessments to measure DEI progress. This study focused on enhancing workforce diversity, particularly among women and young doctors, and advocates for the need to support their academic development through male allyship and the promotion of equitable and inclusive academic cultures. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
4.How to Achieve Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in The Korean Society of Gastroenterology?
Nayoung KIM ; Kwangwoo NAM ; Ki-Nam SHIM ; Hyo Jung KIM ; Su Youn NAM ; Sae Kyung JOO ; Seun Ja PARK ; Yonghoon CHOI ; Yoon Ju JUNG ; Yong Sung KIM ; Ja Kyung KIM ; Seon Mee PARK
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;85(1):22-30
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			 With the increasing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizations and institutions, academic societies in gastroenterology and hepatology are beginning to take actionable steps toward achieving DEI. The successful implementation of DEI initiatives leads to excellence in the field, improved patient outcomes, particularly in areas where health disparities are prevalent, and advances in the gastrointestinal discipline. Such implementation also results in a workforce that better reflects the growing diversity of the population. This review defines DEI and introduces the DEI policies and strategies adopted by the academic societies of gastroenterology in other countries. This paper proposes strategies to integrate DEI better into the Korean Society of Gastroenterology, emphasizing the importance of embedding DEI into the culture and strategic framework. The key strategies include establishing a DEI committee, setting clear targets, and conducting formal assessments to measure DEI progress. This study focused on enhancing workforce diversity, particularly among women and young doctors, and advocates for the need to support their academic development through male allyship and the promotion of equitable and inclusive academic cultures. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
5.The Impact of Clinical Competence and Perception of Clinical Ladder System on Organizational Commitment among Nurses at a General Tertiary Hospital
Yeon Hee SHIN ; Mi Ra LEE ; Sung Nam KIM ; Min Jung KIM ; Ae Jin KIM ; Hyun Ja KIM ; Ji Yoon KANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2025;31(1):120-131
		                        		
		                        			 Purpose:
		                        			This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a clinical ladder system in a tertiary hospital by examining how nurses' clinical competence and perceptions of the system affect organizational commitment.  
		                        		
		                        			Methods:
		                        			The study involved 394 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to July 10, 2023, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffé post-hoc test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 27.0.  
		                        		
		                        			Results:
		                        			Nurses who applied for promotion to the CN III level and current CN III nurses reported higher clinical competence, perceptions of the clinical ladder system, and organizational commitment than those who did not and those at lower levels (p<.001). A positive correlation existed among all independent variables.Controlling for general characteristics, the effects of clinical competence and perceptions of the clinical ladder system explained 49% of organizational commitment variance (Adjusted R 2 =.49, F=33.43, p<.001).  
		                        		
		                        			Conclusion
		                        			Greater clinical competence and positive perceptions of the clinical ladder system are likely to enhance organizational commitment, emphasizing its effectiveness in fostering better organizational outcomes. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
6.The Impact of Clinical Competence and Perception of Clinical Ladder System on Organizational Commitment among Nurses at a General Tertiary Hospital
Yeon Hee SHIN ; Mi Ra LEE ; Sung Nam KIM ; Min Jung KIM ; Ae Jin KIM ; Hyun Ja KIM ; Ji Yoon KANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2025;31(1):120-131
		                        		
		                        			 Purpose:
		                        			This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a clinical ladder system in a tertiary hospital by examining how nurses' clinical competence and perceptions of the system affect organizational commitment.  
		                        		
		                        			Methods:
		                        			The study involved 394 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to July 10, 2023, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffé post-hoc test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 27.0.  
		                        		
		                        			Results:
		                        			Nurses who applied for promotion to the CN III level and current CN III nurses reported higher clinical competence, perceptions of the clinical ladder system, and organizational commitment than those who did not and those at lower levels (p<.001). A positive correlation existed among all independent variables.Controlling for general characteristics, the effects of clinical competence and perceptions of the clinical ladder system explained 49% of organizational commitment variance (Adjusted R 2 =.49, F=33.43, p<.001).  
		                        		
		                        			Conclusion
		                        			Greater clinical competence and positive perceptions of the clinical ladder system are likely to enhance organizational commitment, emphasizing its effectiveness in fostering better organizational outcomes. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
7.How to Achieve Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in The Korean Society of Gastroenterology?
Nayoung KIM ; Kwangwoo NAM ; Ki-Nam SHIM ; Hyo Jung KIM ; Su Youn NAM ; Sae Kyung JOO ; Seun Ja PARK ; Yonghoon CHOI ; Yoon Ju JUNG ; Yong Sung KIM ; Ja Kyung KIM ; Seon Mee PARK
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;85(1):22-30
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			 With the increasing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizations and institutions, academic societies in gastroenterology and hepatology are beginning to take actionable steps toward achieving DEI. The successful implementation of DEI initiatives leads to excellence in the field, improved patient outcomes, particularly in areas where health disparities are prevalent, and advances in the gastrointestinal discipline. Such implementation also results in a workforce that better reflects the growing diversity of the population. This review defines DEI and introduces the DEI policies and strategies adopted by the academic societies of gastroenterology in other countries. This paper proposes strategies to integrate DEI better into the Korean Society of Gastroenterology, emphasizing the importance of embedding DEI into the culture and strategic framework. The key strategies include establishing a DEI committee, setting clear targets, and conducting formal assessments to measure DEI progress. This study focused on enhancing workforce diversity, particularly among women and young doctors, and advocates for the need to support their academic development through male allyship and the promotion of equitable and inclusive academic cultures. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
8.The Impact of Clinical Competence and Perception of Clinical Ladder System on Organizational Commitment among Nurses at a General Tertiary Hospital
Yeon Hee SHIN ; Mi Ra LEE ; Sung Nam KIM ; Min Jung KIM ; Ae Jin KIM ; Hyun Ja KIM ; Ji Yoon KANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2025;31(1):120-131
		                        		
		                        			 Purpose:
		                        			This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a clinical ladder system in a tertiary hospital by examining how nurses' clinical competence and perceptions of the system affect organizational commitment.  
		                        		
		                        			Methods:
		                        			The study involved 394 nurses working at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from May 3 to July 10, 2023, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffé post-hoc test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 27.0.  
		                        		
		                        			Results:
		                        			Nurses who applied for promotion to the CN III level and current CN III nurses reported higher clinical competence, perceptions of the clinical ladder system, and organizational commitment than those who did not and those at lower levels (p<.001). A positive correlation existed among all independent variables.Controlling for general characteristics, the effects of clinical competence and perceptions of the clinical ladder system explained 49% of organizational commitment variance (Adjusted R 2 =.49, F=33.43, p<.001).  
		                        		
		                        			Conclusion
		                        			Greater clinical competence and positive perceptions of the clinical ladder system are likely to enhance organizational commitment, emphasizing its effectiveness in fostering better organizational outcomes. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
9.How to Achieve Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in The Korean Society of Gastroenterology?
Nayoung KIM ; Kwangwoo NAM ; Ki-Nam SHIM ; Hyo Jung KIM ; Su Youn NAM ; Sae Kyung JOO ; Seun Ja PARK ; Yonghoon CHOI ; Yoon Ju JUNG ; Yong Sung KIM ; Ja Kyung KIM ; Seon Mee PARK
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;85(1):22-30
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			 With the increasing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizations and institutions, academic societies in gastroenterology and hepatology are beginning to take actionable steps toward achieving DEI. The successful implementation of DEI initiatives leads to excellence in the field, improved patient outcomes, particularly in areas where health disparities are prevalent, and advances in the gastrointestinal discipline. Such implementation also results in a workforce that better reflects the growing diversity of the population. This review defines DEI and introduces the DEI policies and strategies adopted by the academic societies of gastroenterology in other countries. This paper proposes strategies to integrate DEI better into the Korean Society of Gastroenterology, emphasizing the importance of embedding DEI into the culture and strategic framework. The key strategies include establishing a DEI committee, setting clear targets, and conducting formal assessments to measure DEI progress. This study focused on enhancing workforce diversity, particularly among women and young doctors, and advocates for the need to support their academic development through male allyship and the promotion of equitable and inclusive academic cultures. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
10.TNM-Based Head-to-Head Comparison of Urachal Carcinoma and Urothelial Bladder Cancer: Stage-Matched Analysis of a Large Multicenter National Cohort
Sang Hun SONG ; Jaewon LEE ; Young Hwii KO ; Jong Wook KIM ; Seung Il JUNG ; Seok Ho KANG ; Jinsung PARK ; Ho Kyung SEO ; Hyung Joon KIM ; Byong Chang JEONG ; Tae-Hwan KIM ; Se Young CHOI ; Jong Kil NAM ; Ja Yoon KU ; Kwan Joong JOO ; Won Sik JANG ; Young Eun YOON ; Seok Joong YUN ; Sung-Hoo HONG ; Jong Jin OH
Cancer Research and Treatment 2023;55(4):1337-1345
		                        		
		                        			 Purpose:
		                        			Outcome analysis of urachal cancer (UraC) is limited due to the scarcity of cases and different staging methods compared to urothelial bladder cancer (UroBC). We attempted to assess survival outcomes of UraC and compare to UroBC after stage-matched analyses. 
		                        		
		                        			Materials and Methods:
		                        			Total 203 UraC patients from a multicenter database and 373 UroBC patients in single institution from 2000 to 2018 were enrolled (median follow-up, 32 months). Sheldon stage conversion to corresponding TNM staging for UraC was conducted for head-to-head comparison to UroBC. Perioperative clinical variables and pathological results were recorded. Stage-matched analyses for survival by stage were conducted. 
		                        		
		                        			Results:
		                        			UraC patients were younger (mean age, 54 vs. 67 years; p < 0.001), with 163 patients (80.3%) receiving partial cystectomy and 23 patients (11.3%) radical cystectomy. UraC was more likely to harbor ≥ pT3a tumors (78.8% vs. 41.8%). While 5-year recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival were comparable between two groups (63.4%, 67%, and 62.1% in UraC and 61.5%, 75.9%, and 67.8% in UroBC, respectively), generally favorable prognosis for UraC in lower stages (pT1-2) but unfavorable outcomes in higher stages (pT4) compared to UroBC was observed, although only 5-year CSS in ≥ pT4 showed statistical significance (p=0.028). Body mass index (hazard ratio [HR], 0.929), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.921), pathologic T category (HR, 3.846), and lymphovascular invasion (HR, 1.993) were predictors of CSS for all patients. 
		                        		
		                        			Conclusion
		                        			Despite differing histology, UraC has comparable prognosis to UroBC with relatively favorable outcome in low stages but worse prognosis in higher stages. The presented system may be useful for future grading and risk stratification of UraC. 
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
            
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