BACKGROUND: Intramedullary (IM) nailing is widely performed in elderly patients with trochanteric fractures. Thus, it is important to identify causative factors associated with fixation failure. We investigated fixation failures after IM nailing in elderly patients with trochanteric fractures and compared the failure group with nonfailure group to identify risk factors of fixation failure. METHODS: A total of 396 patients aged 65 years or older underwent IM nailing for trochanteric fractures between January 2012 and August 2016 at our institution. Of those, 194 patients who were followed up for more than 12 months were enrolled in this study; 202 patients were excluded due to death during follow-up, bedridden status before injury, and loss to follow-up. All patients underwent plain radiography and preoperative computed tomography (CT). RESULTS: Fixation failure occurred in 11 patients (5.7%). Seven patients had stable fractures (AO/OTA); eight patients had basicervical fractures (confirmed by CT). Five patients had comminution in the greater trochanter (confirmed by CT). Regarding fracture reduction, eight patients showed discontinuity in the anterior cortex. The position of the lag screw on the lateral view was in the center in six patients and in a posterior area in the other five patients. On the basis of comparison with the 183 patients without fixation failure, risk factors of fixation failure were higher body mass index (BMI; p = 0.003), basicervical type of fracture (p = 0.037), posterior placement of the lag screw on the lateral view (p < 0.001), and inaccurate reduction of the anterior cortex (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Among the risk factors of fixation failure after IM nailing in elderly patients with trochanteric fractures, discontinuity of the anterior cortex and posterior position of the lag screw are modifiable surgeon factors, whereas higher BMI and basicervical type of fracture are nonmodifiable patient factors. Therefore, care should be taken to avoid fixation failure in IM nailing for patients with a basicervical type of fracture or higher BMI or both.

To assess the presence of genetically modified (GM) maize and soybean in a range of commercialized feed in Shanxi province of China in 2015, improved hexadecyltrimethy ammonium bromide (CTAB) method was used to extract DNA. The screening of packed feeds was carried out by qualitative PCR. Then positive feeds were unpacked and detected by the CaMV 35S promoter, NOS terminator, zSSIIb, Lectin and CryIA (b) genes. The identified maize and soybean events were confirmed by event-specific MON810 and GTS40-3-2. Results showed that 83.3% of the feeds was tested positive for GMOs, in which positive rates of maize, soybean, pig and layer feeds were 6.67%, 100%, 93.3% and 73.3%, respectively. The results of real-time PCR were consistent with qualitative PCR. These results indicated that commercialized GM feed had a wide positive product scope in Shanxi province of China. Further studies are necessary to study effects of feeding livestock and poultry with feed containing GM ingredients on animals and their products.

Metabolism and deposition of exogenous gene and protein from transgenic glyphosate herbicide-tolerant soybean meal in SD rats were studied in the experiment. The transgenic soybean GTS40-3-2 meal and its non-transgenic counterpart (parent A5403) were fed to the generation and the second generation Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (Rattus norvegicus). The study added the genetically modified (GM) soybean meal and its non-transgenic control soybean meal (parent A5403) in a ratio of 20% respectively to the feeds. By using qualitative, quantitative PCR and ELISA methods to detect transgenic soybean residues of metabolism ingredients in rats, the safety and influence of GM soybean were evaluated. The results showed that the intestinal fecal and cecum contents of rats were detected with residues of GM ingredients, intestinal flora and organs were not found related genes and protein. These results indicated that transgenic glyphosate herbicide-tolerant soybean GTS40-3-2 meal was as safe as its non-GM soybean meal in long-term feeding study.
Animal Feed ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Digestion ; Glycine ; analogs & derivatives ; Herbicide Resistance ; Herbicides ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Proteolysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soybean Proteins ; Soybeans

Teaching and research are two major functions of university. We should correct the misunderstanding of the relationship between teaching and research and improve the evaluation of integration of them. Positive interaction of research and teaching can enhance educational results of university. We should conduct the interaction of scientific research and teaching,improving the creative ability of students.

Objective To investigate the structure-activity relationship for 21 anthocyanins in inhibiting oxidized injury of endothelial cells,and explore the structural characteristics of anthocyanins closely related to their effects. Methods Endothelial cells were treated by ox-LDL at different concentrations of 50,100,150 or 200 ?g/ml,and MTT assay was used to determine IC50. After pre-incubated for 2 h with different concentrations ( 50,100 or 200 ?mol/L) of anthocyanins and then treated with 100 ?g/ml ox-LDL for another 24 h in endothelial cells,MTT assay was used to detect the cellular viability. After pre-treated for 2 h with different anthocyanins with 100 ?mol/L and treated with ox-LDL for another 24 h,MDA and NO level in the culture media were both measured according to the methods of assay kits. Structure-activity relationship was analyzed according to the respective cellular viability,MDA and NO level. Results Cellular viability was significantly inhibited by ox-LDL in a dose-dependent manner,and the IC50 was 100 ?g/ml. A significant correlation was observed among the effect of anthocyanins on cell viability,MDA production and NO release. The inhibitory effects of anthocyanins in ox-LDL-injured endothelial cells were positively related to the total number of hydroxyl groups and hydroxyl substitutions in B ring. 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,yet methoxylation or glycosylation significantly decreased the effect. 6-hydroxylation substitution might attenuate the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,while substitution at C5 or C5′ showed no significant influence on the effect of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin with monosaccharose substitution was much stronger than that with disaccharose substitution,while there was no significant difference between anthocyanins with glucoside and that with galacotoside substitution. Delphinidin and delphinidin-3-glucoside were respectively the most effectual anthocyanidin or anthocyanin. Conclusion 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring are the main structural requirements for anthocyanins in suppressing ox-LDL-induced injury in endothelial cells.