ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of the modified of Bazhentang combined with Guishentang in improving pregnancy outcomes in mouse models of embryo implantation dysfunction by regulating T helper 1/T helper 2 （Th1/Th2） immune balance. MethodsEighty ICR female mice were randomly divided into four groups （n=20 per group） on gestational day 1 （GD1）： control， model， western medicine， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） groups. Except for the control group， all mice received mifepristone solution （0.2 mg/mouse） via oral gavage on GD4 to induce embryo implantation dysfunction. The TCM group received a water decoction of the modified of Bazhentang combined with Guishentang （20.8 g·kg^-1）， with the western medicine group administered dydrogesterone （3.9 mg·kg^-1）， and the control/model groups given equal volumes of saline. All treatments were administered once daily from GD1 until one day before sample collection. Outcomes included implantation site counts （macroscopic observation）， pregnancy rates， body weight， endometrial histopathology （hematoxylin-eosin staining）， uterine expression of T-box expressed in T cells （T-bet）， GATA-binding protein 3 （GATA3）， interferon gamma （IFN-γ）， and interleukin-4 （IL-4） at protein （Western blot） and mRNA （real-time polymerase chain reaction， Real-time PCR） levels， serum IFN-γ and IL-4 levels （enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， ELISA）， and Th1/Th2 immune balance evaluated by calculating T-bet/GATA3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios. ResultsCompared to the control group， the model group showed no significant change in pregnancy rate but exhibited a marked reduction in average implantation sites and body weight （P<0.01）. Histopathological analysis revealed endometrial abnormalities， including decreased glandular density， stromal compaction， and absence of nucleolar vacuoles. At the molecular level， uterine tissue in the model group demonstrated significantly upregulated expression of T-bet and IFN-γ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alongside markedly downregulated GATA3 and IL-4 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum analysis confirmed markedly elevated IFN-γ （P<0.01） and reduced IL-4 levels （P<0.01）， resulting in significantly increased T-bet/GATA3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios （P<0.01）. Compared to the model group， pregnancy rates in all treatment groups showed no significant change. Implantation sites and body weight increased substantially （P<0.01）， with restored endometrial morphology characterized by enhanced glandular density， stromal edema， and reappearance of nucleolar vacuoles. Significant downregulation of T-bet and IFN-γ （P<0.01） and upregulation of GATA3 and IL-4 （P<0.05， P<0.01） in uterine tissue were observed. Serum IFN-γ levels were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while IL-4 levels were significantly elevated （P<0.05）. The Th1/Th2 ratios were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe modified of Bazhentang combined with Guishentang significantly enhances the number of embryo implantation sites in mice with embryo implantation dysfunction， potentially through modulating T-bet/GATA3 expression， restoring Th1/Th2 immune balance， and improving endometrial receptivity.

Objective To investigate the population distribution of intermediate host snails and crabs of Paragonimus along the Jiulongjiang River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Bopingling Mountain, southern Fujian Province, so as to provide baseline data for researches on parasitic disease prevention and control and enlargement of samples in the parasitic resource bank. Methods A total of 23 villages in 8 counties (districts) along the Jiulong River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province were selected as survey sites during the period from November 2020 through March 2023, and snail and freshwater crabs were sampled from 1 to 3 streams and ditches neighboring residential areas in each village. Morphological identification of snails was performed according to the external morphological characteristics of collected snail shells, and the unidentified snail species sampled from the natural foci of paragonimiasis in Yunxiao County were subjected to se-quence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene. The crab species was identified by observing the morphological characteristics of the terminal segment of the first pleopod of male crabs, and Paragonimus cercariae and metacercariae were detected in collected snails. Results The shells of the unidentified snails sampled from the natural foci of paragonimiasis in Yunxiao County were approximately 50 mm in height and 18 mm in width, thick and solid, long tower cone-shaped, and had 8 to 10 whorls. CO1 gene sequence analysis identified the snail species as Sulcospira hainanensis. A total of 6 freshwater snail species belonging to 5 genera within 3 families, identified 23 survey sites, including Semisulcospira libertina, Paludomus zhangchouensis and S. hainanensis that belonged to the Family Pleurceridae, Tricula fujianensis and T. huaanensis that belonged to the subfamily Triculinae, Family Pomatiopsidae, and Melanoides tuberculata (Family Thiaridae), and 11 species of freshwater crabs belonging to 5 genera within 2 families were identified, including Sinopotamon genus of S. jianglense, S. pinheense, and S. zhangzhouense, Huananpotamon genus of H. planopodum and H. zhangzhouense, Nanhaipotamon genus of N. huaanense and N. longhaiense, and Minpotamon genus of M. nasicum and M. auritum that belonged to the Family Potamidae, and Somanniathelphusa genus of S. huaanensis and S. zhangpuensis (Family Parathelphusidae). In addition, the prevalence of P. westermani cercariae infections was 0.08% (2/2 317) in P. zhangchouensis from Danyan Village in Changtai District and 0.09% (1/1 039) in S. hainanensis from Jinkeng Village in Yunxiao County, and the prevalence of P. westermani metacercariae infections was 25.81% (8/31) in S. jianglense from Danyan Village in Changtai District, and 26.31% (5/19) in S. zhangzhouense from Jinkeng Village in Yunxiao County, respectively. Conclusions There is a population diversity in the intermediate host snails and crabs along the Jiulongjiang River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Bopingling Mountain, southern Fujian Province, and P. zhangzhouensis and S. hainanensis are, for the first time, confirmed as the first intermediate hosts of P. westermani.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between alterations in DNase1 and DNase1L3 enzyme activities and impairment of NET degradation in patients with sporadic SLE, and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods 46 sporadic SLE patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited. Serum levels of DNase1, DNase1L3 and corresponding autoantibodies were detected by ELISA. DNase1 and DNase1L3 were isolated by immunoprecipitation; NETs and enzyme degradation activities were detected using a modified immunofluorescence. DNase1L3 secretion by PBMCs was analyzed by ELISPOT, Western blotting and reverse transcription PCR. Results Levels of H3-dsDNA and Ela-dsDNA complexes were significantly elevated in SLE patients. LDGs in SLE population was significantly higher than in the control group, and LDGs was positively correlated with H3-dsDNA and Ela-dsDNA NETs complexes. The ability of SLE patients to degrade NET in vitro was significantly lower than that of the control group. Degradation experiments of DNase1 and DNase1L3 in different proportions showed that the decrease in DNase1L3 activity was the primary contributor to the elevated NET residue level. The concentration of DNase1L3 autoantibodies in SLE patients was significantly elevated compared to the control group. In addition, the capacity of PBMCs to secrete DNase1L3 was significantly lower in the SLE patients compared to the control group. Conclusion Decreased secretion of DNase1L3 and the presence of relevant autoantibodies notably impede NET degradation in patients with SLE, offering new directions for the monitoring and treatment of SLE patients.
Humans ; Autoantibodies ; Blotting, Western ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Traps ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic

OBJECTIVE To establish HPLC fingerprint of Shuangdong capsules， and to study the spectral effect relationship of its anti-inflammatory effect. METHODS The fingerprints of 15 batches of Shuangdong capsules were established by HPLC，and the similarity evaluation was carried out； the foot swelling model was established to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Shuangdong capsules. The gray correlation analysis method was used to construct the spectral effect relationship for the anti- inflammatory effect of Shuangdong capsules using the swelling rate of rat foot and the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-8， IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in right hindfoot tissues as the pharmacodynamic indexes of anti-inflammatory effects. RESULTS Overall 15 batches of Shuangdong capsules identified 20 common peaks， the similarities were all greater than 0.97， and a total of 8 chromatographic peaks were identified. According to the gray correlation analysis， the correlation degrees between the peak area and the foot swelling rate and the levels of MDA， SOD， PGE2， IL-6， IL-8， IL-1β and TNF-α in 15 batches of Shuangdong capsules were 0.621 1- 0.783 5， 0.564 3-0.827 9， 0.581 0-0.845 3， 0.564 9-0.855 0， 0.583 1-0.856 4， 0.576 5-0.863 5， 0.564 1-0.838 0 and 0.572 5- 0.851 3， respectively. Among them， the chemical components represented by peak 4 （geniposidic acid）， peak 10 （chlorogenic acid） and the chemical composition represented by peak 2 were strongly correlated with anti-inflammatory efficacy indicators. CONCLUSIONS In this study， HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of Shuangdong capsules were successfully established. Among them， geniposidic acid， chlorogenic acid may be its anti-inflammatory ingredients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of the therapy of soothing liver and strengthening spleen(shortened as Shugan Jianpi therapy)in the treatment of active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO)complicated with dry eye,and to provide a reference basis for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 108 patients with active TAO complicated with dry eye of liver depression and qi stagnation type were randomly divided into observation group and control group,54 patients in each group.Both groups were given conventional treatment for intervention of Graves'disease,and additionally the control group was given hormone shock therapy by intravenous injection of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate,and the observation group was treated with Chinese medicine prescription for soothing liver and strengthening spleen orally and intravenous injection of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate.The treatment period lasted for 12 weeks,and then the patients were followed up till to the 6th month.The changes of clinical activity score(CAS),proptosis,ocular surface disease index(OSDI),corneal fluorescein staining(FL),Schirmer I test(SIT)and tear film break-up time(BUT)in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)After 6 months of treatment,the total effective rate in the observation group was 94.44%(51/54)and that in the control group was 74.07%(40/54),and the intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the CAS,OSDI score and proptosis of the patients in the two groups were all lower than those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the reduction in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the indicators of tear secretion function such as SIT,FL score and BUT of patients in the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the differences being all statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Shugan Jianpi therapy exerts certain clinical efficacy in treating patients with active TAO complicated with dry eye of liver depression and qi stagnation type,which can effectively relieve the proptosis,prolong the tear film break-up time,promote the secretion of tears and the repair of corneal epithelium,improve the visual function,and enhance the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Neiyingxiang(EX-HN09)points combined with western medicine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis of deficiency-cold of lung qi type.Methods Sixty patients with deficiency-cold of lung qi type of allergic rhinitis were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 30 patients in each group.The control group was treated with Desloratadine Tablets combined with Mometasone Furoate Aqueous Nasal Spray,and the observation group was treated with acupuncture at Neiyingxiang points combined with the self-made rhinitis recipe on the basis of the control group,and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated after 14 days.The changes of nasal symptom scores,Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life scores of the patients of the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.After 14 days of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes in nasal symptom scores,as well as VAS and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire(RQLQ)scores were observed before and after treatment.The changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)sydnrome scores and serum immunoglobulin E(IgE)were compared before and after treatment in the two groups,and the safety of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.33%(28/30),and the control group was 73.33%(22/30).The efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the symptoms of nasal congestion,sneezing,runny nose and nasal itching were significantly improved in the two groups(P＜0.01),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving nasal symptoms,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the VAS scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.01),and the observation group was superior to the control group in improving VAS scores,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the PQLQ scores of patients in the two groups improved significantly(P＜0.01),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the PQLQ scores,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores of the patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.01),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving TCM syndrome scores,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).(6)After treatment,the serum IgE levels of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.01),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving serum IgE levels(P＜0.05),with a statistically significant difference.(7)There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at Neiyingxiang points plus self-made rhinitis recipe combined with western medicine in the treatment of deficiency-cold of lung qi type of allergic rhinitis can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of the patients,thus improving the quality of life of the patients,and the therapeutic efficacy is remarkable.

Cryoablation therapy with explicit anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological manifestations has a long history.A large number of clinical practice has shown that cryoablation therapy is safe and effective,making it an ideal tumor treatment method in theory.Previously,its efficacy and clinical application were constrained by the limitations of refrigerants and refrigeration equipment.With the development of the new generation of cryoablation equipment represented by argon helium knives,significant progress has been made in refrigeration efficien-cy,ablation range,and precise temperature measurement,greatly promoting the progression of tumor cryoablation technology.This consensus systematically summarizes the mechanism of cryoablation technology,indications for oral mucosal melanoma(OMM)cryotherapy,clinical treatment process,adverse reactions and management,cryotherapy combination therapy,etc.,aiming to provide reference for carrying out the standardized cryoablation therapy of OMM.

Cohort study of children and adolescents health is an ideal method to explore health-related problems from childhood to adulthood, to which more attention has been paid. This paper summarizes the progress in cohort study of children and adolescents health conducted both at home and abroad by introducing the study design, main contents. Emphasizing the international exchange and cohort integration, continuously expanding cohort research field, and using multi-source data for high-quality follow-up have become the trend of cohort study of children and adolescents health.

With the increasing proportion of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection in the pathogenic factors of oro-pharyngeal cancer,a series of changes have occurred in the surgical treatment.While the treatment mode has been im-proved,there are still many problems,including the inconsistency between diagnosis and treatment modes,the lack of popularization of reconstruction technology,the imperfect post-treatment rehabilitation system,and the lack of effective preventive measures.Especially in terms of treatment mode for early oropharyngeal cancer,there is no unified conclu-sion whether it is surgery alone or radiotherapy alone,and whether robotic minimally invasive surgery has better func-tional protection than radiotherapy.For advanced oropharyngeal cancer,there is greater controversy over the treatment mode.It is still unclear whether to adopt a non-surgical treatment mode of synchronous chemoradiotherapy or induction chemotherapy combined with synchronous chemoradiotherapy,or a treatment mode of surgery combined with postopera-tive chemoradiotherapy.In order to standardize the surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer in China and clarify the indications for surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,this expert consensus,based on the characteristics and treat-ment status of oropharyngeal cancer in China and combined with the international latest theories and practices,forms consensus opinions in multiple aspects of preoperative evaluation,surgical indication determination,primary tumor re-section,neck lymph node dissection,postoperative defect repair,postoperative complication management prognosis and follow-up of oropharyngeal cancer patients.The key points include:① Before the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,the expression of P16 protein should be detected to clarify HPV status;② Perform enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the maxillofacial region before surgery to evaluate the invasion of oropharyngeal cancer and guide precise surgical resec-tion of oropharyngeal cancer.Evaluating mouth opening and airway status is crucial for surgical approach decisions and postoperative risk prediction;③ For oropharyngeal cancer patients who have to undergo major surgery and cannot eat for one to two months,it is recommended to undergo percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy before surgery to effectively improve their nutritional intake during treatment;④ Early-stage oropharyngeal cancer patients may opt for either sur-gery alone or radiation therapy alone.For intermediate and advanced stages,HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer general-ly prioritizes radiation therapy,with concurrent chemotherapy considered based on tumor staging.Surgical treatment is recommended as the first choice for HPV unrelated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(including primary and re-current)and recurrent HPV related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy and chemotherapy;⑤ For primary exogenous T1-2 oropharyngeal cancer,direct surgery through the oral approach or da Vinci robotic sur-gery is preferred.For T3-4 patients with advanced oropharyngeal cancer,it is recommended to use temporary mandibu-lectomy approach and lateral pharyngotomy approach for surgery as appropriate;⑥ For cT1-2N0 oropharyngeal cancer patients with tumor invasion depth＞3 mm and cT3-4N0 HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,selective neck dissection of levels ⅠB to Ⅳ is recommended.For cN+HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,therapeutic neck dissection in regions Ⅰ-Ⅴ is advised;⑦ If PET-CT scan at 12 or more weeks after completion of radiation shows intense FDG uptake in any node,or imaging suggests continuous enlargement of lymph nodes,the patient should undergo neck dissection;⑧ For patients with suspected extracapsular invasion preoperatively,lymph node dissection should include removal of surrounding muscle and adipose connective tissue;⑨ The reconstruction of oropharyngeal cancer defects should follow the principle of reconstruction steps,with priority given to adjacent flaps,followed by distal pedicled flaps,and finally free flaps.The anterolateral thigh flap with abundant tissue can be used as the preferred flap for large-scale postoperative defects.

Background and objective Transcription factor(TF)can bind specific sequences that either promotes or represses the transcription of target genes,and exerts important effects on tumorigenesis,migration,invasion.Staphylococcal nuclease-containing structural domain 1(SND1),which is a transcriptional co-activator,is considered as a promising target for tumor therapy.However,its role in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)remains unclear.This study aims to explore the role of SND1 in LUAD.Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),Clinical Pro-teomic Tumor Analysis Consortium(CPTAC),and Human Protein Atlas(HPA)database was obtained to explore the associa-tion between SND1 and the prognosis,as well as the immune cell infiltration,and subcellular localization in LUAD tissues.Furthermore,the functional role of SND1 in LUAD was verified in vitro.EdU assay,CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry,scratch assay,Transwell assay and Western blot were performed.Results SND1 was found to be upregulated and high expression of SND1 is correlated with poor prognosis of LUAD patients.In addition,SND1 was predominantly present in the cytoplasm of LUAD cells.Enrichment analysis showed that SND1 was closely associated with the cell cycle,as well as DNA replication,and chro-mosome segregation.Immune infiltration analysis showed that SND1 was closely associated with various immune cell popula-tions,including T cells,B cells,cytotoxic cells and dendritic cells.In vitro studies demonstrated that silencing of SND1 inhib-ited cell proliferation,invasion and migration of LUAD cells.Besides,cell cycle was blocked at G,phase by down-regulating SND1.Conclusion SND1 might be an important prognostic biomarker of LUAD and may promote LUAD cells proliferation and migration.