Objective: To explore the relationship between parenting styles and depressive symptoms in adolescents with nightmare disorder, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective family intervention measures and psychological counseling. Methods: From January 2023 to August 2024, 90 adolescents diagnosed with nightmare disorder and admitted to Hangzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, along with 176 healthy controls from the urban areas of Hangzhou, were recruited as participants in the study. All participants were assessed using the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire (NEQ), Family Relationship Questionnaire (FRQ), and Plutchik-van Praag Selfreport Depression Scale (PVP). The ttest and Chisquare test were conducted to compare two groups. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression were employed to explore the correlations between PVP and NEQ or FRQ. The Process model was used to testing the mediating effects among NEQ/FRQ/PVP. Results: The nightmare disorder group had higher scores in nightmare frequency, the four factors of NEQ (physical effect, negative emotion, meaning interpretation, horrible stimulation), and PVP than the healthy control group (24.86±18.89, 10.12±3.67, 19.01±3.51, 17.02±3.31, 15.14±3.26, 14.02±4.38; 2.34±1.04, 6.49±2.18, 17.63±4.76, 13.91±4.24, 12.40±4.49, 9.39±3.28)(t=15.79, 10.11, 2.43, 6.09, 5.14, 27.46, P<0.05). The nightmare disorder group reported significantly lower scores in FRQ general attachment and maternal encouragement than the healthy control group (7.22±2.81, 16.39±3.28) (t=-5.53, -4.95). In contrast, they exhibited significantly higher scores in maternal abuse, maternal dominance, paternal freedom release, and paternal dominance than the healthy control group (8.23±1.80, 13.11±3.73, 18.36±3.37, 12.04±3.29; 6.07±1.85, 8.48±3.80, 15.15±2.51, 9.47±3.03) (t=6.70, 8.96, 5.90, 7.04, P<0.01). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that, in the nightmare disorder group, the PVP score was positively correlated with negative emotion, nightmare frequency, maternal abuse, and maternal dominance score (r=0.14, 0.63, 0.26, 0.51, P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that when using FRQ score to predict NEQ score, the adjusted R2 in the nightmare disorder group was 0.01-0.59. Mother abuse could prediced physical effect (β=0.33); maternal dominance significantly predicted negative emotion, horrible stimulation, and nightmare frequency (β=0.29, 0.30, 0.79); paternal freedom release could predict negative emotion (β=0.26), paternal dominance predicted both negative emotion and nightmare frequency (β=0.22, 0.45) (P<0.05). Mediation analysis further revealed that, in the nightmare disorder group, PVP scores served as a mediating variable between FRQ and NEQ. Conclusion Abusive, controlling, and neglectful family upbringing styles as well as depression maybe are key factors that may contribute to the development of nightmare disorder among adolescents.

Osteoporotic fractures(OPF) refer to the fractures caused by minor violence in the state of osteoporosis, seriously threatening the life and health of elderly patients. Drug and surgical therapies have limitations such as single targets, diverse adverse reactions, and poor prognosis. Kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has good potential in the treatment of OPF. TCM can promote the healing of OPF by promoting angiogenesis in the early stage of bone healing, promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the stage of bone repair, maintaining the balance of osteogenic and osteoclastic system in the stage of bone remodeling, and regulating the oxidative stress responses throughout the process of OPF healing. TCM can alleviate the pathological state of osteoporosis and promote fracture healing in OPF patients via multiple pathways and targets, demonstrating the advantages and potential of biphasic regulation.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Osteoporotic Fractures/metabolism* ; Animals ; Fracture Healing/drug effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Kidney/metabolism* ; Osteogenesis/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that insomnia is closely related to erectile dysfunction（ED）. However, the causal relationship between them is still unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) provides a new method for studying the relationship between the two, and the theory of heart-kidney interaction in TCM provides a new idea for exploring the causal relationship between them. METHODS: Based on the statistical data collected by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the causal relationship between insomnia and ED was discussed by MR. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) is the main analysis method, and weighted median (WME), simple mode (SM), weighted mode (WM) and MR Egger method were the supplementary analysis to evaluate the causal effect. MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran Q test and leave-one-out method were used in sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of MR results. RESULTS: Thirty-nine SNPs significantly related to insomnia were finally included for MR analysis. The results of IVW method in MR analysis showed that insomnia had a significant causal relationship with the increased risk of ED (OR = 3.111，95% CI= 1.566－6.181，P=1.193×10－3). The results obtained by MR-Egger method, WME method, WM method and SM method were consistent with IVW method in the direction of effect. The sensitivity results suggested that the results of this study were robust. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the causal relationship between insomnia and ED, which provides a new basis for future clinical practice and prevention and treatment of ED.
Causality ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/genetics* ; Erectile Dysfunction/genetics* ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Male ; Heart/physiology* ; Kidney/physiology* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Data Interpretation, Statistical

AIM To explore the ameliorative effects of Ziyin Mingmu Pills on mouse retinitis pigmentosa(RP)and the possible mechanism.METHODS The RP transgenic mice(rd10)were randomly divided into the model group,the Leding group(0.15 g/kg)and the low and high dose Ziyin Mingmu Pills groups(4.50,9.00 g/kg),in contrast to the C57BL/6 mice of the normal group,with 12 mice in each group.The mice had their retinal pathological changes detected by HE staining;their visual function detected by electroretinogram(ERG);their fundus conditions and retinal thickness detected by optical coherence tomography(OCT);their retinal blood perfusion detected by laser speckle blood flow technique;their mRNA expressions of Shh,Ptc,Smo,Gli1,N-myc and Cyclin mRNA detected by digital PCR;and their protein expressions of Shh,Ptc,Smo,Gli1,N-myc and Cyclin detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the model group displayed pathological changes in the fundus and retina and decreased amplitudes of ERG a wave and b wave(P＜0.01);decreased retinal thickness(P＜0.01);decreased retinal blood perfusion(P＜0.01);and decreased retinal expressions of Shh,Ptc,Smo,Gli1,N-myc,Cyclin mRNA and protein(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with Ziyin Mingmu Pills or Leding shared improved pathological changes in the fundus and retina tissue,and increased retinal thickness(P＜0.01);increased retinal blood flow(P＜0.01);increased amplitudes of ERG a wave and b wave(P＜0.01);and increased retinal Shh,Ptc,Smo,Gli1,N-myc and Cyclin mRNA and protein expressions(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Ziyin Mingmu Pills can improve the fundus pathological changes and visual function to delay RP in mice because of their efficacy in ameliorating retinal thickness and blood flow possibly by activating Shh signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Ziyin Mingmu Formula （滋阴明目方） on retinitis pigmentosa mice and its possible mechanism. MethodsSixty rd10 mice were randomly divided into model group， vitamin A group， and Ziyin Mingmu Formula low-， medium-， and high-dose groups， 12 mice in each group； twelve C57BL/6 mice as the blank group. The mice in Ziyin Mingmu Formula low-， medium-， and high-dose groups were given 13.5， 27.0 and 54.0 g/（kg·d） of Ziyin Mingmu Formula by gavage， respectively； mice in the Vitamin A group were given 750 IU/（kg·d） of vitamin A soft capsule by gavage； mice in the blank group and model group were given 13.5 ml/（kg·d） of physiological saline by gavage. Each group was gavaged once a day for 28 days. Fundus photography and optical coherence tomography were used to detect the morphology of the fundus and retina， TUNEL method was used to detect apoptosis， microtitre digital PCR and immunofluorescence double staining were used to detect glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）， inositol-requiring enzyme 1 （IRE1）， activated transcription factor 6 （ATF6）， and C/EBP homologous protein （CHOP） mRNA and protein expression levels. ResultsIn the model group， optic discs were yellowish， fundus was atrophic with large pigmentation. The retinal blood vessels were thinned， a large number of vascular white sheaths were seen， the retinal cell nuclei disorganised， and a large number of apoptotic cells were seen； the fundus conditions of the mice in all dosages of Ziyin Mingmu Formula and the vitamin A group were improved to varying degrees compared with those of the model group， the apoptotic cells reduced， with Ziyin Mingmu Formula middle- and high-dose groups showing more significant improvement. Compared with the blank group， the retinal thickness of mice in the model group reduced， and the expression of GRP78， IRE1， ATF6， CHOP mRNA and protein elevated （P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， retinal thickness increased and GRP78， IRE1， ATF6 mRNA and protein expression decreased in the vitamin A group and Ziyin Mingmu Formula medium- and high-dose groups； CHOP mRNA and protein expression decreased in low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Ziyin Mingmu Formula （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with vitamin A group and the low-dose group of Ziyin Mingmu Formula， retinal thickness increased in the high-dose group of Ziyin Mingmu Formula （P＜0.01）. Compared with vitamin A group， GRP78， ATF6， IRE1， and CHOP mRNA expression decreased in the medium- and high-dose groups of Ziyin Mingmu Formula， and GRP78 and CHOP protein expression decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the low-dose group of Ziyin Mingmu Formula， CHOP protein expression reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups of Ziyin Mingmu Formula （P＜0.01）. ConclusionZiyin Mingmu Formula can reduce apoptosis of retinal tissues by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress response， thus slowing down the progression of retinopathy and protecting visual function in a dose-dependent manner.

ObjectiveTo analyze the measures and effects of comprehensive noise control in an automobile engine manufacturing enterprise. Methods An automobile engine manufacturing enterprise with noise exposure work-sites was selected as the research subject. The noise hazard status of the enterprise was investigated. The noise hazard exceeded the national standard in work-sites was comprehensively treated. The treatment effect was analyzed. Results A total of 395 work-sites exposed to noise were detected. Among them, 16 work-sites exceeded the national noise standard, with the rate of 4.1%. The work-sites with noise exceeding the national standard were mainly in the machine workshop and the casting workshop, with normalization of equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level to a nominal eight hours working day (L_EX,8h) ranging from 86.8 to 89.2 and 85.2 to 90.2 dB(A), respectively. In addition, the classification of occupational noise exposure of the mold protection group in the casting workshop was level Ⅱ, and classification of occupational noise exposure of other work-sites with excessive national standard was grade Ⅰ. After the enterprise implemented noise control measures such as process reform, equipment replacement, sound insulation, noise reduction, sound absorption, and vibration isolation, the L_EX,8h of nine positions were lower than those before rectification ［(86.7±1.1) vs (83.3±1.3) dB(A), P<0.01］. Conclusion The use of comprehensive control measures can achieve the purpose of reducing noise from the sources, and can be used for reference by relevant enterprises with noise hazards.

Objective:To explore the association of human betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase ( BHMT) and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms with non-syndromic congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods:A hospital-based case-control study was conducted, in which children with CHD who attended Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled as the case group, and children without any congenital deformity who attended the hospital during the same period were enrolled as the control group on a 1∶1 basis. A self-administered questionnaire survey was performed to collect information about the study subjects and their mothers, and then venous blood samples were collected from the subjects to detect BHMT and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of BHMT and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms and their haplotypes with CHD. Crossover analyses and logistic regression were used to explore the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Results:The case and control group both enrolled 620 children. The multivariate logistic regression showed that BHMT gene polymorphisms at rs3733890 (AA vs. GG: OR=3.476, Q FDR<0.001; GA vs. GG: OR=1.525, Q FDR=0.036), at rs1915706 (CC vs. TT: OR=3.464, Q FDR<0.001) and at rs1316753 (GG vs. CC: OR=1.875, Q FDR=0.020) increased the risk of CHD. Children with haplotype of A-G-A had an increased risk of CHD ( OR=1.468, 95% CI: 1.222-1.762). Interaction analysis showed that a statistically significant positive interaction between rs3733890 and rs1915706 on both additive ( RERI=0.628, 95% CI: 0.298-0.958) and multiplicative ( OR=3.754, 95% CI: 1.875-7.519) scales. Gene-environment interactions were found between the BHMT gene with secondhand smoke exposure before pregnancy and in early pregnancy, tea consumption before pregnancy and in early pregnancy, alcohol consumption before pregnancy, and folic acid supplementation before or during pregnancy. Conclusion:BHMT gene rs3733890, rs1915706 and rs1316753 polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of CHD. In addition, there is an association of cooperative interaction between rs3733890 and rs1915706 on both additive and multiplicative scales with the risk of CHD, and the BHMT gene interacts with multiple environmental factors.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of fluorescent PCR melting curve method in early diag-nosis of fluoroquinolones (FQs) resistance in the patients with tuberculosis,and to analyze the situation and characteristics of FQs resistance,so as to provide a basis for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of rifam-picin resistance/multidrug resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) and pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculo-sis (pre-XDR-TB).Methods A total of 1094 smear positive samples from the outpatients and inpatients of Guiyang Municipal Public Health Treatment Center from January 2021 to August 2022 were collected and conducted the Roche solid culture method and bacterial species identification.Finally,589 cases of tuberculosis conducted the phenotypic drug sensitivity test and fluorescent PCR melting curve method for detecting rifam-picin (RFP),isoniazid(INH),ethambutol(EMB) and FQs resistance.The phenotypic drug sensitivity test served as the standard to evaluated the diagnostic efficiency of the fluorescent PCR melting curve method;the relationship between the patients' FQs resistance and clinical characteristics was analyzed according to the phenotypic drug sensitivity results.Results The sensitivity,specificity,coincidence rate and Kappa value of fluorescence PCR melting curve method for detecting FQs drug resistance were 91.30％,97.69％,96.94％ and 0.86 respectively;the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.945,which was higher than 0.924,0.923 and 0.850 of RFP,INH and EMB.The drug resistance rate of FQs in the patients with RR/MDR-TB was 22.80％,the Kappa value of fluorescence PCR melting curve method for detecting the patients' FQs drug re-sistance was 0.83,the consistency was good,AUC was 0.936.There was no statistically significant difference in sensitivity,specificity and coincidence rate of FQs resistance in TB patients with different bacterial loads by fluorescence PCR fusion curve (P>0.05).The treatment type,history of anti-tuberculosis,pulmonary cavity and MDR-TB were related with FQs resistance (P<0.05).Conclusion The fluorescent PCR melting curve method has good diagnostic efficiency for FQs resistance in the patients with tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the relevancy between diet and colostrum nutrition in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters.Methods A total of 378 pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were registered in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jun 2022 to Apr 2023 were included in the study by continuous sampling method.General information,diet in the second trimester,diet in the third trimester and colostrum data 48-72 h after delivery were collected.The relevancy between daily dietary nutrient intake and colostrum quality in pregnant women during the second and third trimesters was analyzed.Results All of the 378 subjects met the colostrum collecting criteria.We found that dietary fat intake during the second trimester was positively correlated with colostrum quality(OR=2.408,95%CI:1.086-5.338),and energy was negatively correlated with colostrum quality(OR=0.319,95%CI:0.157-0.651).Dietary protein intake in the third trimester was positively correlated with colostrum quality(OR=5.905,95%CI:1.757-19.842).Conclusion There is a certain relevancy between diet and colostrum nutrition.A reasonable diet during pregnancy is recommended to promote the quality of colostrum.

Objective:To explore the association of human betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase ( BHMT) and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms with non-syndromic congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods:A hospital-based case-control study was conducted, in which children with CHD who attended Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled as the case group, and children without any congenital deformity who attended the hospital during the same period were enrolled as the control group on a 1∶1 basis. A self-administered questionnaire survey was performed to collect information about the study subjects and their mothers, and then venous blood samples were collected from the subjects to detect BHMT and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of BHMT and BHMT2 gene polymorphisms and their haplotypes with CHD. Crossover analyses and logistic regression were used to explore the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Results:The case and control group both enrolled 620 children. The multivariate logistic regression showed that BHMT gene polymorphisms at rs3733890 (AA vs. GG: OR=3.476, Q FDR<0.001; GA vs. GG: OR=1.525, Q FDR=0.036), at rs1915706 (CC vs. TT: OR=3.464, Q FDR<0.001) and at rs1316753 (GG vs. CC: OR=1.875, Q FDR=0.020) increased the risk of CHD. Children with haplotype of A-G-A had an increased risk of CHD ( OR=1.468, 95% CI: 1.222-1.762). Interaction analysis showed that a statistically significant positive interaction between rs3733890 and rs1915706 on both additive ( RERI=0.628, 95% CI: 0.298-0.958) and multiplicative ( OR=3.754, 95% CI: 1.875-7.519) scales. Gene-environment interactions were found between the BHMT gene with secondhand smoke exposure before pregnancy and in early pregnancy, tea consumption before pregnancy and in early pregnancy, alcohol consumption before pregnancy, and folic acid supplementation before or during pregnancy. Conclusion:BHMT gene rs3733890, rs1915706 and rs1316753 polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of CHD. In addition, there is an association of cooperative interaction between rs3733890 and rs1915706 on both additive and multiplicative scales with the risk of CHD, and the BHMT gene interacts with multiple environmental factors.