Aim To investigate the therapeutic effect of the MW-9 on ulcerative colitis(UC)and reveal the underlying mechanism, so as to provide a scientific guidance for the MW-9 treatment of UC. Methods The model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells was established. The effect of MW-9 on RAW264.7 cells viability was detected by MTT assay. The levels of nitric oxide(NO)in RAW264.7 macrophages were measured by Griess assay. Cell supernatants and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines containing IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were determined by ELISA kits. Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC model in mice was established and body weight of mice in each group was measured. The histopathological damage degree of colonic tissue was assessed by HE staining. The protein expression of p-p38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was detected by Western blot. Results MW-9 intervention significantly inhibited NO release in RAW264.7 macrophages with IC50 of 20.47 mg·L-1 and decreased the overproduction of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05). MW-9 had no cytotoxicity at the concentrations below 6 mg·L-1. After MW-9 treatment, mouse body weight was gradually reduced, and the serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly down-regulated. Compared with the model group, MW-9 significantly decreased the expression of p-p38 and p-ERK1/2 protein. Conclusions MW-9 has significant anti-inflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo, and its underlying mechanism for the treatment of UC may be associated with the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective:To describe the prevalence of food allergy among children aged 0-5 years in China and to explore related influencing factors.Methods:Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to collect data from 275 surveillance sites of the China National Nutrition and Health Survey of Chinese children and lactating mothers programs in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of China in 2016-2017. A total of 70 107 participants aged 0-5 years were included in this study. The study collected information of participants' demographic characteristics and food allergies by face-to-face questionnaire. The prevalence of food allergy was analyzed, using the complex data weighting method. The logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors related to food allergy.Results:The overall prevalence of self-reported food allergy among children aged 0-5 years was 4.81%. Prevalence rates in infants aged 0-5 months, and 6-23 months and preschool children aged 2-5 years were 0.81%, 4.68% and 5.26%, respectively. The results of logistic analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between factors including children from 6 months to 5 years old, urban area, southwest area, first-born, mothers with college education or above, and the prevalence of food allergy in children. Shrimp, poultry eggs, crab shellfish, fruit, milk and fish appeared the common allergic foods in children aged 0-5 years, with prevalence rates of self-reported food allergy as 1.55%, 1.25%, 0.99%, 0.97%, 0.87% and 0.86%, respectively. The proportion of single food allergy in children with allergies was 69.85%.Conclusions:Among children aged 0-5 years, the prevalence of self-reported food allergy increases with age, in China. Foods that is prone to allergies include fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, poultry eggs, milk and fruits, etc. Most allergies were only caused by single food in children, under observation.

Objective: To study the incubation period of the infection with 2019-nCoV Omicron variant BA.5.1.3. Methods: Based on the epidemiological survey data of 315 COVID-19 cases and the characteristics of interval censored data structure, log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution were used to estimate the incubation. Bayes estimation was performed for the parameters of each distribution function using discrete time Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Results: The mean age of the 315 COVID-19 cases was (42.01±16.54) years, and men accounted for 30.16%. A total of 156 cases with mean age of (41.65±16.32) years reported the times when symptoms occurred. The log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution indicated that the M (Q₁, Q₃) of the incubation period from exposure to symptom onset was 2.53 (1.86, 3.44) days and 2.64 (1.91, 3.52) days, respectively, and the M (Q₁, Q₃) of the incubation period from exposure to the first positive nucleic acid detection was 2.45 (1.76, 3.40) days and 2.57 (1.81, 3.52) days, respectively. Conclusions: The incubation period by Bayes estimation based on log-normal distribution and Gamma distribution, respectively, was similar to each other, and the best distribution of incubation period was Gamma distribution, the difference between the incubation period from exposure to the first positive nucleic acid detection and the incubation period from exposure to symptom onset was small. The median of incubation period of infection caused by Omicron variant BA.5.1.3 was shorter than those of previous Omicron variants.
Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Bayes Theorem ; Infectious Disease Incubation Period ; Nucleic Acids

Objective     To investigate the left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in patients with aortic valve insufficiency with reduced ejection fraction (AIrEF) and aortic valve insufficiency with preserved ejection fraction (AIpEF) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods    The clinical and follow-up data of patients who underwent TAVR in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the guideline, the patients with left ventricular ejection fraction<55% were allocated to an AIrEF group, and the patients with left ventricular ejection fraction≥55% were allocated to an AIpEF group. Results    A total of 50 patients were enrolled. There were 19 patients in the AIrEF group, including 15 males and 4 females with a mean age of 74.5±7.1 years. There were 31 patients in the AIpEF group, including 19 males and 12 females with a mean age of 72.0±4.8 years. All patients underwent TAVR successfully. Echocardiographic results showed that TAVR significantly promoted LVRR in the patients. Significant LVRR occurred in the early postoperative period (the first day after the surgery) in both groups. It remained relatively stable after the LVRR in the early postoperative period (the first day after surgery) in the AIpEF patients, while it continued to occur in the early postoperative period (the first day after surgery) to three months after the surgery in the AIrEF patients, and then remained relatively stable. Compared to preoperative values, AIrEF patients had a reduction in the average left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular end-systolic volume index by 16.8 mL/m2 (P=0.003) and 8.6 mL/m2 (P=0.005), respectively, and the average left ventricular end-diastolic diameter index and end-systolic diameter index decreased by 2.5 mm/m2 (P=0.003) and 1.9 mm/m2 (P=0.003), respectively on the first day after the surgery. In comparison to the first day after the surgery, AIrEF patients experienced an average increase of 12.1% in the left ventricular ejection fraction three months after the surgery (P<0.001). Conclusion    TAVR has achieved good therapeutic effects in patients with aortic valve insufficiency, significantly promoting the LVRR in patients, and has better curative effects in AIrEF patients.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between regional coronary flow reserve (CFR) obtained from cadmium-zinc-telluride SPECT(CZT SPECT) myocardial functional perfusion imaging (MFPI) and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) measured during coronary angiography (CAG) and its clinical value in guiding coronary interventions.Methods:Forty-two patients (30 males, 12 females, age (63.3±9.8) years) who completed CZT SPECT MFPI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2022 to September 2022 and underwent CAG within 3 months were included retrospectively. The concordance of CFR and FFR for diagnosing myocardial ischemia (CFR<2.0 and FFR<0.8) was calculated at the vascular level. The diagnostic efficacy of coronary stenosis≥70% for decreased myocardial blood flow (CFR<2.0) was calculated. Kappa test was used to analyze the data. Results:A total of 126 major coronary arteries were identified in 42 patients, of which 30(23.8%) had a CFR<2.0 by CZT SPECT and 33(26.2%) had stenosis≥70% in CAG. A total of 32 coronary vessels were performed with MFPI CFR and FFR measurements, of which 6 were both decreased and 21 were both normal, so the concordance rate was 84.4%(27/32)( Kappa=0.612, P<0.001). Among 33 coronary vessels with stenosis≥70%, 13 were with CFR≥2.0. Among 30 coronary vessels with CFR<2.0, 10 were with stenosis<70%. When using stenosis≥70% to diagnose CFR decreasing, the sensitivity was 66.7%(20/30), specificity was 86.5%(83/96), positive predictive value was 60.6%(20/33), negative predictive value was 89.2%(83/93), and accuracy was 81.7%(103/126). Conclusions:The concordance between CFR and FFR for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia is good. Nearly 1/3 of the coronary arteries with decreased CFR have stenosis<70%, whereas nearly 40% of the coronary arteries with stenosis≥70% are not result in myocardial ischemia. Regional CFR determined by CZT SPECT may have potentially significant clinical value in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease and decision-making of coronary intervention.

Antipyretic-analgesics are currently one of the most prescribed drugs in children.The clinical application of antipyretic-analgesics for children in our country still have irrational phenomenon, which affects the therapeutic effect and even poses hidden dangers to the safety of children.In this paper, suggestions were put forward from the indications, dosage form/route, dosage suitability, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual differences and drug interactions in the symptomatic treatment of febrile children, so as to provide reference for the general pharmacists when conducting prescription review.

Through consulting the ancient herbal and medical books， combined with the field investigation， the name， origin， collection and processing of Dendrobium medicinal materials were researched， which provided a basis for the development of famous classical formulas containing this kind of herbs. Due to the wide distribution of D. officinale， the Dendrobium species represented by D. officinale and D. huoshanense， which are short， fleshy and rich in mucus， should be the most mainstream of Dendrobium medicinal materials in previous dynasties. Compared with Shihu， Muhu with loose texture， long and hollow is born on trees. According to the characteristic description， it should be D. nobile， D. fimbriatum and so on， of which D. nobile was the mainstream. The Chinese meaning of Jinchai was confused in the past dynasties， so it was not suitable to be treated as a plant name. The production areas of Dendrobium medicinal materials in the past dynasties have changed with the discovery of varieties， artificial cultivation and other factors. Lu'an， Anhui province， was the earliest recorded in the Han and Wei dynasties. Since the Tang and Song dynasties， it had been extended to Guangdong and Guangxi， and it was considered that "Dendrobii Caulis in Guangnan was the best". In the Ming dynasty， Sichuan and Zhejiang products were highly praised， and in the Qing dynasty， Huoshan products were highly praised. Dendrobium medicinal materials had been used as medicine by stems in all dynasties. The medicinal materials were divided into fresh products and dry products. The fresh products can be used immediately after removing the sediment from the roots. The dry products need further processing， most of them used wine as auxiliary materials for steaming， simmer to paste or decoction into medicine. D. officinale and D. huoshanense have special processing specifications since the middle of Qing dynasty， that is， "Fengdou". According to the research results， in Ganluyin， the effect of Dendrobium medicinal materials is mainly heat clearing， and D. nobile with bitter taste can be selected. The main effect of Dendrobium medicinal materials in Dihuang Yinzi is tonic， D. officinale or D. huoshanense can be selected.

Objective:To explore the effect of different contrast agent concentrations in CT portal venography and improve the success rate of examination.Methods:A total of 103 patients who underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced CT scan in Zhongda Hospital Southeast University from February to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups based on different contrast agent concentrations. Among them, 51 received high-concentration contrast agent (400 mg/ml) and 52 received low-concentration contrast agent (320 mg/ml). The data of portal vein phase were employed for portal venograpy reformation, and the CT values of the main portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, and portal vein enhanced were measured. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated to evaluate image quality objectively. Subjective assessment of image quality of CT images was performed by two experienced radiologists. Combining objective and subjective evaluations gave the overall evaluation of the image quality, implying whether different contrast agent concentrations would produce inconsistent image quality in portal venoraphy. Mann-Whitney U test and t test were used. Results:The image scores of the high and low concentration groups were 4.00 (3.97, 4.22) and 4.00 (3.40, 4.02), respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.329, P=0.020). The CT values of the portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and portal vein enhanced in the high concentration group were higher than those in the low concentration group ( P< 0.05). However, no significant difference in CT value of spine vein, SNR nor CNR of the portal vein was detected between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Using the same scanning technique and contrast injection protocol, portal venography examination with high contrast agent concentration can effectively improve the success rate and image quality.

Objective To investigate the anti -inflammatory effect and mechanism of volatile of Ramulus Cinnamom ( VORC) on acute pneumonia mice.Methods Ninety ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, normal group, model group, positive control group and low, middle, high dose experimental group (experimental -L,-M,-H group), each group with 15 mice, acute pneumonia model mice were established by intraperitoneal ( ip) injection of escherichia coli lipopolysac-charide (LPS), normal group ip the same amount of normal saline , experimental group immediately gavaged VORC at 0.03, 0.05, 0.10 mL· kg -1, positive control group given 5 mg· kg -1dexamethasone acetate , model group and nor-mal group given equal volume of normal saline , and continuously treated for 5 days.The levels of inflammatory cyto-kines in serum and the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected, morpholo-gy of lung tissue in mice was observed by hematoxylin -eosin (HE) staining, the expression of transcriptional activator protein 1 (AP-1) in lung tissue was detected by reverse transcriptase -polymerase chain reaction ( RT -PCR) . Results After treatment, the interleukin -6 (IL-6) content of normal group, model group, positive control group, experimental -L,-M,-H group after treatment were (87.49 ±7.69 ), ( 138.12 ±14.36 ), ( 109.15 ±4.58 ), (112.33 ±65.26),(108.22 ±55.38),(100.26 ±63.42)ng· L-1,respectively; the interleukin-1β(IL-1β) con-tent were (12.16 ±5.12),(59.48 ±10.35),(43.15 ±7.14),(50.12 ±6.33),(42.52 ±6.98),(26.15 ±5.34) ng· L-1,respectively; the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) content were (332.45 ±15.28),(455.15 ±27.25), (426.21 ±16.47),(432.15 ±15.66),(422.35 ±13.52),(402.15 ±12.05)ng· L-1,respectively.The number of BALF macrophages of normal group , model group, positive control group , experimental -L,-M,-H group after treatment were were ( 98.13 ± 10.28 ), ( 199.47 ± 24.35 ), ( 159.86 ± 16.47 ), ( 160.24 ± 15.48 ), (151.24 ±12.85 ),( 145.26 ±9.52 )×106/L, respectively; the number of neutrophils were ( 5.28 ±0.54 ), (61.45 ±5.16),(36.52 ±5.37 ),(42.15 ±6.33 ),(35.48 ±5.96 ),(23.58 ±6.25 )×106/L,respectively; the number of white blood cells were (105.48 ±8.69 ), ( 325.14 ±21.58 ), ( 224.13 ±16.24 ), ( 256.41 ±19.46 ), (233.15 ±15.46 ),(189.46 ±10.25 )×106/L,respectively.The levels of serum interleukin -6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor -α(TNF -α) and macrophages, neutrophils and white blood cells in BALF of model group were significantly higher than those of the normal group , while experimental -L,-M,-H group and positive control group were markedly lower than those of the model group ( P＜0.01 ).The relative expression of c-jun mRNA in lung tissue of normal group, model group, positive control group, experimental-L,-M,-H group were 0.38 ±0.15 , 0.59 ±0.13, 0.41 ±0.15, 0.47 ±0.16, 0.46 ±0.12 , 0.39 ±0.15 respectively; the relative ex-pression of c-fos mRNA in lung tissue were 0.52 ±0.24 , 0.92 ±0.23 , 0.56 ±0.14 , 0.75 ±0.22 , 0.72 ±0.19 , 0.58 ±0.21 , respectively.The relative expression of c -jun and c-fos mRNA in lung tissue of model group were sig-nificantly higher than those of the normal group , while the relative expression of c -jun and c-fos mRNA in positive control group and experimental -L,-M,-H group were significantly lower than those in the model group ( P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion VORC can reduce the inflammatory and pathological damage of lung tissue in acute pneu-monia mice, which may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of AP -1 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences between the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) data from the infants at 38-58 weeks of postconceptual age in three hospitals in Chongqing, China and the America norms, and to provide a reference for the introduction and application of TIMP in China.

METHODSTIMP was used to assess 642 infants with 38-58 weeks of postconceptual age who visited the departments of preterm infants or child healthcare in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Shapingba Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Chongqing, and Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January and December, 2016. The assessment scores were analyzed and compared with the America norms.

RESULTSThe TIMP scores increased with the increasing postconceptual age, with 37±5 points in the 38-39week group and 83±12 points in the 56-57week group. All age groups had a significantly lower mean score than the America norms (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONSTIMP scores can reflect the motor performance in infants with various postconceptual ages. The TIMP scores from the infants with a postconceptual age of 38-58 weeks in three hospitals in Chongqing are significantly different from the America norms, suggesting that it is very necessary in China to establish the Chinese norms for assessing motor performance in infants using TIMP.