Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicators for non-invasive diagnosis and risk assessment of cancer development. Furthermore, we addressed the implications of oral microbial co-occurrence with malignant tumors, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula, which are recognized as tumor-enriched oral pathogens involved in the development and progression of cancers in the stomach, colon, and lungs, respectively. Notably, we explored the immune and inflammatory mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions between oral microbiota and tumors, underscoring that targeting these mechanistic pathways can contribute to preventing cancer development.

Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicators for non-invasive diagnosis and risk assessment of cancer development. Furthermore, we addressed the implications of oral microbial co-occurrence with malignant tumors, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula, which are recognized as tumor-enriched oral pathogens involved in the development and progression of cancers in the stomach, colon, and lungs, respectively. Notably, we explored the immune and inflammatory mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions between oral microbiota and tumors, underscoring that targeting these mechanistic pathways can contribute to preventing cancer development.

Purpose: : Health literacy, or the ability to find, understand, and use health information, is a key focus in South Korea’s ‘5th National Health Promotion Comprehensive Plan.’ However, despite South Korea’s high internet penetration, research on digital health information use among people with developmental disabilities is limited. This study assesses the current state of digital health literacy in this population. Methods: : A survey was conducted on the people with disabilities and people without disabilities. General digital health information was measured using an 8-item scale by Skinner (2006), and COVID-19-related health information was assessed with a 10-item tool developed by the research team. A total of 365 responses were analyzed, comprising people with physical disabilities (189), developmental disabilities (82), and those without disabilities (94). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 28, including MANOVA and descriptive statistics. Results: : eHealth scores for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 9.8) were significantly lower than those with physical disabilities (32.6 ± 7.9) and those without disabilities (33.9 ± 9.1). Similarly, Covid-eHealth scores were lower for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 8.4) compared to those with physical disabilities (29.5 ± 6.8) and those without disabilities (31.3 ± 7.7). The differences in both cases were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion : This study represents the first comprehensive examination of digital health literacy among people with developmental disabilities in South Korea. The findings indicate that while this group has lower digital health literacy, appropriate education and support can improve their skills. This underscores the need for policies and support systems to ensure they can access and effectively use digital health information, especially as healthcare becomes more digital.

Purpose: : Health literacy, or the ability to find, understand, and use health information, is a key focus in South Korea’s ‘5th National Health Promotion Comprehensive Plan.’ However, despite South Korea’s high internet penetration, research on digital health information use among people with developmental disabilities is limited. This study assesses the current state of digital health literacy in this population. Methods: : A survey was conducted on the people with disabilities and people without disabilities. General digital health information was measured using an 8-item scale by Skinner (2006), and COVID-19-related health information was assessed with a 10-item tool developed by the research team. A total of 365 responses were analyzed, comprising people with physical disabilities (189), developmental disabilities (82), and those without disabilities (94). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 28, including MANOVA and descriptive statistics. Results: : eHealth scores for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 9.8) were significantly lower than those with physical disabilities (32.6 ± 7.9) and those without disabilities (33.9 ± 9.1). Similarly, Covid-eHealth scores were lower for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 8.4) compared to those with physical disabilities (29.5 ± 6.8) and those without disabilities (31.3 ± 7.7). The differences in both cases were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion : This study represents the first comprehensive examination of digital health literacy among people with developmental disabilities in South Korea. The findings indicate that while this group has lower digital health literacy, appropriate education and support can improve their skills. This underscores the need for policies and support systems to ensure they can access and effectively use digital health information, especially as healthcare becomes more digital.

Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicators for non-invasive diagnosis and risk assessment of cancer development. Furthermore, we addressed the implications of oral microbial co-occurrence with malignant tumors, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula, which are recognized as tumor-enriched oral pathogens involved in the development and progression of cancers in the stomach, colon, and lungs, respectively. Notably, we explored the immune and inflammatory mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions between oral microbiota and tumors, underscoring that targeting these mechanistic pathways can contribute to preventing cancer development.

Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) account for 2.4% of all adult malignancies. RCC is known for its aggressive nature, with approximately one-third of patients presenting with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Cutaneous metastasis is a rare presentation of this cancer. A 78-year-old male presented with numerous erythematous nodules of various sizes on the left flank, which he had had for a month. He had undergone a left partial nephrectomy for papillary RCC 3 years previously and had been receiving chemotherapy since surgery. Histopathology revealed papillary architecture with prominent atypical nucleoli throughout the dermis. Immunohistochemical findings were positive for CD10, cytokeratin 7, PAX-8, vimentin, and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. These results led to a diagnosis of cutaneous metastases of papillary renal cell carcinoma. Papillary RCC rarely presents with cutaneous metastases.Because these lesions are easily accessible, cutaneous lesions in patients with risk factors for RCC should be excised and pathologically evaluated.

Purpose: : Health literacy, or the ability to find, understand, and use health information, is a key focus in South Korea’s ‘5th National Health Promotion Comprehensive Plan.’ However, despite South Korea’s high internet penetration, research on digital health information use among people with developmental disabilities is limited. This study assesses the current state of digital health literacy in this population. Methods: : A survey was conducted on the people with disabilities and people without disabilities. General digital health information was measured using an 8-item scale by Skinner (2006), and COVID-19-related health information was assessed with a 10-item tool developed by the research team. A total of 365 responses were analyzed, comprising people with physical disabilities (189), developmental disabilities (82), and those without disabilities (94). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 28, including MANOVA and descriptive statistics. Results: : eHealth scores for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 9.8) were significantly lower than those with physical disabilities (32.6 ± 7.9) and those without disabilities (33.9 ± 9.1). Similarly, Covid-eHealth scores were lower for individuals with developmental disabilities (24.6 ± 8.4) compared to those with physical disabilities (29.5 ± 6.8) and those without disabilities (31.3 ± 7.7). The differences in both cases were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion : This study represents the first comprehensive examination of digital health literacy among people with developmental disabilities in South Korea. The findings indicate that while this group has lower digital health literacy, appropriate education and support can improve their skills. This underscores the need for policies and support systems to ensure they can access and effectively use digital health information, especially as healthcare becomes more digital.

Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicators for non-invasive diagnosis and risk assessment of cancer development. Furthermore, we addressed the implications of oral microbial co-occurrence with malignant tumors, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula, which are recognized as tumor-enriched oral pathogens involved in the development and progression of cancers in the stomach, colon, and lungs, respectively. Notably, we explored the immune and inflammatory mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions between oral microbiota and tumors, underscoring that targeting these mechanistic pathways can contribute to preventing cancer development.

Dental clinicians and researchers have recently recommended oral microbial examinations to more accurately diagnose and treat oral diseases, including periodontitis and dental caries. Theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that oral microbiota may also be associated with non-oral diseases, such as gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. This review highlights studies demonstrating microbial alterations in the oral cavity associated with malignant tumors including gastric, colorectal, esophageal, and lung cancers, implying that these alterations may serve as early indicators for non-invasive diagnosis and risk assessment of cancer development. Furthermore, we addressed the implications of oral microbial co-occurrence with malignant tumors, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula, which are recognized as tumor-enriched oral pathogens involved in the development and progression of cancers in the stomach, colon, and lungs, respectively. Notably, we explored the immune and inflammatory mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions between oral microbiota and tumors, underscoring that targeting these mechanistic pathways can contribute to preventing cancer development.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular and lymphatic neoplasm caused by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). AIDS-related KS has variable clinical courses ranging from mild disease presenting as an incidental finding to severe disease presenting as an aggressively progressing neoplasm that can lead to poor prognosis or even death. Typical clinical manifestation of KS is known as multiple cutaneous lesions on the extremities, trunk, and face with mucosal involvement. A 46-year-old male with AIDS complained of an erythematous patch on the right forearm which appeared 5 months ago. For a year, he was treated with antiretroviral drugs for AIDS. Physical examination revealed a 2.5-cm solitary erythematous patch only on the right forearm. Laboratory data revealed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 RNA of less than 40 copies/ml and a CD4 cell count of 264 cells/mm 3 . Histological examination revealed numerous slit-like spaces and vascular proliferation with primitive blood vessels dissecting between the collagen bundles and the dermis. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive HHV-8 nuclear staining of spindle cells. The histological features and positive HHV-8 immunohistochemical stain were consistent with the diagnosis of early patch stage of AIDS-related KS. KS can readily be misdiagnosed in early patch stage even by experienced clinicians, which leads to requirement of pathologic determination. On close inspection, it can be distinguished from other mimickers by its distinctive histologic features and immunohistochemical staining for HHV-8. Therefore, in cases of HIV-positive patients with clinically or histologically vascular-appearing mucocutaneous lesions, KS should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis.