ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in general body parameters, blood glucose, and blood lipid profiles in obese cynomolgus monkeys, exploring the correlations among these parameters and providing a reference for research on the obese cynomolgus monkey model. Methods30 normal male cynomolgus monkeys aged 5 - 17 years old (with body mass index < 35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) and 99 spontaneously obese male cynomolgus monkeys (with body mass index ≥35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) were selected. Over a period of three years, their abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and four blood lipid indicators were monitored. The correlations between each indicator were analyzed using repeated measurement ANOVA, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression correlation analysis method. Results Compared to the control group, the obese group exhibited significantly higher levels of abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, and triglyceride (P＜0.05). In the control group, skinfold thickness increased annually, while other indicators remained stable. Compared with the first year, the obese group showed significantly increased abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose in the second year(P＜0.05), with this increasing trend persisting in the third year (P＜0.05). In the control group, the obesity incidence rates in the second and third years were 16.67% and 23.33%, respectively, while the prevalence of diabetes remained at 16.67%. In the obese group, the diabetes incidence rates were 29.29% and 44.44% in years 2 and 3, respectively. Among the 11-13 year age group, the incidence rates were 36.36% and 44.68%, while for the group older than 13 years, the rates were 28.13% and 51.35%. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations (P＜0.05) between fasting blood glucose and age, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, and triglyceride in the diabetic monkeys. Conclusion Long-term obesity can lead to the increases in general physical indicators and fasting blood glucose levels in cynomolgus monkeys, and an increase in the incidence of diabetes. In diabetic cynomolgus monkeys caused by obesity, there is a high correlation between their fasting blood glucose and age, weight, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, and triglyceride levels, which is of some significance for predicting the occurrence of spontaneous diabetes.

On the basis of synergetic theory and complex adaptive system theory, the dialectical relationship of "industry-university-research-competition" four-in-one practical teaching was analyzed. The path of practicing "industry-university-research-competition" four-in-one practical teaching in medical universities was explored. In terms of industry, the development adheres to the principles of broad vision and selective implementation, as well as accumulating resources gradually for substantial progress. Currently, the company operates in compliance with standards, seeking steady and proactive advancement. In terms of university, we explored the combination of professional courses and entrepreneurship and innovation teaching, the combination of experimental platform and entrepreneurship and innovation incubation, and the combination of holiday practice learning and entrepreneurship and innovation practice, so as to achieve full coverage of entrepreneurship and innovation practice teaching in class and outside class. In terms of research, students participated in the faculty research projects and teams or independently applied for college student innovation and entrepreneurship projects. Scientific research has become the primary carrier of training the innovation awareness of college students. At present, we have been granted with four national college student innovation and entrepreneurship projects. In terms of competition, we have normatively participated in discipline competitions and innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, and established a complete competition system. We have won more than 200 awards in competitions at various levels. Several years of unremitting efforts to practice teaching reform have led to promising results and moderate scale of teaching practice.

Objective To observe the effect of intraoperative continuous pump infusion of remima-zolam on postoperative delirium(POD)in elderly patients with hip fracture under subarachnoid block.Methods A total of 236 elderly patients undergoing elective hip fracture surgery under subarachnoid block,82 males and 154 females,aged≥65 years,BMI 18.5-31.0 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,were divided into two groups by using the randomized number table method:remimazolam group(group R)and control group(group C),118 patients in each group.When the surgical site was disinfected and cov-ered,the patients in group R were administered the first dose of reminmazolam 0.1 mg/kg and followed by a continuous infusion 0.2 mg·kg-1·h-1 intravenously to maintain the modified observer's assessment of alert/sedation(MOAA/S)1 or 2 scores.Reminmazolam infusion was stopped at the end of the surgery.The same volume of normal saline was injected for patients in group C.POD was assessed by the confusion as-sessment method-Chinese revised version(CAM-CR)1-3 days after the surgery.The anxiety scores one day before and one day after the surgery,and plasma cortisol concentrations when the patients were admitted into the operating room and at the end of the surgery were recorded.The incidence of intraoperative hypertension,hypotension,bradycardia,hypoxemia,and postoperative nausea and vomiting were also recor-ded.Results Compared with group C,POD incidence in group R was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),anxiety score one day after surgery and plasma cortisol concentration at the end of the surgery in group R were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the incidence of intraoperative hypertension in group R was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the plasma cortisol con-centrations when the patients were admitted into the operating room and the incidences of intraoperative hy-potension,bradycardia,hypoxemia,and postoperative nausea and vomiting between the two groups.Conclusion Remimazolam can reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderlypatients undergoing hip fracture surgery under subarachnoid block,which may be related to alleviating intraoperative anxiety and inhibiting intraoperative stress response.

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological characteristics of deaths due to pneumoconiosis and its complications in order to improve the prevention and management of pneumoconiosis. MethodsThe pneumoconiosis deaths who died during 1959‒2019 in Chongming District of Shanghai were investigated and analyzed retrospectively by the descriptive epidemiological methods. The correlation of the age of onset and the course of disease was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation，as well as the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients. ResultsFrom 1959 to 2019， there were 226 pneumoconiosis deaths， 223 males （98.67%）. The mortality of silicosis was the highest （82.07%）. The age of onset of pneumoconiosis was negatively correlated with the course of disease （r_s=-0.596，P<0.001）.There was no correlation between the duration of dust exposure and the course of disease in pneumoconiosis patients （r_s=-0.107，P=0.109）.There were statistically significant differences in mortality among groups in different types and stages of pneumoconiosis（χ²=59.250，27.666，both P<0.05）. The mortality increased with the increase of stage of pneumoconiosis. The mortality of pneumoconiosis was significantly different in 1959‒1979， 1980‒1989， 1990‒1999， 2000‒2009 and 2010‒2019 （χ²=29.750， P<0.05）. The top three causes of death in pneumoconiosis cases were respiratory diseases， malignant tumor and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.ConclusionIt is suggested to further strengthen the health monitoring and management of pneumoconiosis patients，control lung and chronic respiratory diseases to delay the life expectancy and improve quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1 α) signaling pathway during hypoxia in mice with lung cancer. Methods: Eighteen clean-grade healthy adult male BALB/c nude mice, aged 8 weeks, weighing 20-30 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table method: lung cancer group (group L), hypoxia+ lung cancer group (group HL), and hypoxia plus lung cancer plus dexmedetomidine group (group HLD). Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell suspension 1×10⁶/150 μl was injected via the tail vein to establish the mouse model of lung cancer.After the model was established successfully, chronic intermittent hypoxia was performed as follows: the mice were placed in air-tight modular incubation chambers, and the atmosphere was controlled by a constant gas flow containing 10% O₂ for 3 h once a day for 3 weeks.The mice in group HL were exposed to hypoxia.After the end of hypoxia exposure, the animals in group HLD were intraperitoneally injected with dexmedetomidine 25 μg/kg 3 times a week for 3 weeks in total.The mice in group L were placed in air-tight modular incubation chambers and the atmosphere was controlled by a constant gas flow containing 21% O₂ for 3 h once a day for 3 weeks, and the equal volume of normal saline was injected intraperitoneally.The mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the lung tissues were removed for determination of lung cancer nodules count, HIF-1α expression (by immunohistochemistry), expression of HIF-1α, survivin and X chromosome linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) (by Western blot), and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). Results: Compared with group L, the number of lung cancer nodules was significantly increased, and the expression of HIF-1α, survivin, XIAP, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was up-regulated in the other two groups (P<0.05). Compared with group HL, the number of lung cancer nodules was significantly increased, and the expression of HIF-1α, survivin, XIAP, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was up-regulated in group HLD (P<0.05). A small number of HIF-1α positive cells were found in group L, a medium number of HIF-1α positive cells in group HL, and a large number of HIF-1α positive cells in group HAD. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can promote proliferation of tumor cells in mice with lung cancer during hypoxia, and the mechanism is related to activating HIF-1α signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the role of targeted ultrasound contrast agent in the evaluation of angiogenesis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in nude mice by constructing platelet derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα)-targeted ultrasound contrast agents, and to explore the effect of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) on angiogenesis in PTC. Methods: PDGFRα-targeted ultrasound contrast agents were constructed through biotin-avidin linkage, and blank micro-bubbles were served as control group. After the siRNA-PDGF BCPAP cell line was established, well prepared BCPAP cells or siRNA-PDGF-BCPAP cells were injected subcutaneously into the back of male BABL/C nude mice. The growth of the tumors was observed closely. All tumors of the normal group and the siRNA-PDGF group were examined by PDGFRα-targeted ultrasound contrast agents or blank micro-bubbles, and the dynamic images were analyzed quantitatively by QontraXt software.All mice were sacrificed after ultrasonography. Microvessels density (MVD) in the tumors was counted by CD31 staining and the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and PDGF were detected by Western Blot. Results: PTCs in nude mice were enhanced well by PDGFRα-targeted ultrasound contrast agent or blank micro-bubbles. The peak of tumors in siRNA-PDGF group was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(43.085±13.244)% vs (57.428±10.952)%, P=0.004]; MVD of the siRNA-PDGF group was significantly less than that of the normal group [(23.200±6.017)strips/view vs (35.000±8.456)strips/view, P=0.012]. The protein expression of PDGF and VEGF in siRNA-PDGF group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, respectively (0.142±0.058 vs 0.269±0.102, P=0.002; 0.096±0.036 vs 0.158±0.072, P=0.016). Conclusions PDGF plays an important role in angiogenesis of PTC, it maybe a new ultrasound molecular imaging method for monitoring tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To evaluate the role of T?type calcium channels in up?regulation of spinal Ca2+∕calmodulin?dependent protein kinase Ⅱ ( CaMKⅡ) expression in rats with neuropathic pain. Meth?ods Forty?eight male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 230-270 g, in which intrathecal catheters were suc?cessfully implanted, were divided into 4 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table: sham opera?tion group (group S), neuropathic pain group (group NP), normal saline group (group NS), and T?type calcium channel blocker mibefradil group ( group M ) . The model of neuropathic pain was established by chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion ( DRG) . Normal saline 20μl and mibefradil 200μg ( dilu?ted to 20μl in normal saline) were injected intrathecally at 5 days after compression of the DRG in NS and M groups, respectively. Before intrathecal catheter implantation ( T1 ) , before compression of the DRG ( T2 ) , at 5 days after compression of the DRG and before intrathecal administration ( T3 ) , and at 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after intrathecal administration ( T4?7 ) , the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold ( MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency ( TWL) were measured. The rats were sacrificed after the last measure?ment of the pain threshold at T7 , and the lumbar enlargement segments of the spinal cord were harvested for determination of CaMKⅡ expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, the MWT was significantly decreased, and TWL was significantly shortened at T3?7 , and the expression of spinal CaMKⅡ was significantly up?regulated in NP and M groups (P<0.05). Compared with group NP, the MWT wassignificantly increased, and TWL was significantly prolonged at T4?6, and the expression of spinal CaMKⅡwas significantly down?regulated in group M (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parame?ters mentioned above in group NS (P>0.05). Conclusion T?type calcium channels are opened, the intra?cellular free calcium ion concentrations are increased, and activated spinal CaMKⅡ is involved in the de?velopment of neuropathic pain in rats.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound-measured inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter in assessment of the preoperative blood volume in elderly patients.Methods Sixty patients,aged 60-75 yr,with body mass index 20-25 kg/m2,of ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective transurethral resection of prostate,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C),lactated Ringer's solution group (group RL),and hydroxyethyl starch group (group H).Lactated Ringer's solution 8 ml/kg was infused intravenously in group RL.Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 8 ml/kg was infused intravenously in group H.SpO2,mean arterial pressure (MAP),HR and central venous pressure (CVP) were monitored before and after fluid therapy.The IVC diameters,both during expiration (IVCe) and inspiration (IVCi),were measured using ultrasound.IVC collapsibility index (IVC-CI) was calculated.Results The IVCeand IVCi were significantly increased,and IVC-CI was decreased after fluid therapy as compared with those before fluid therapy in RL and H groups.Compared with group C,the IVCe and IVCi were significantly increased,and IVC-CI was decreased after fluid therapy in RL and H groups.IVCe and IVCi were positively correlatedwith CVP (r=0.746 and 0.697,respectively).IVC-CI was negatively correlated with CVP (r =-0.547).Conclusion Ultrasoundmeasured IVC diameter provides better accuracy in assessing the preoperative blood volume in elderly patients.

Objective To detect the expressions and clinical significance of Nanog and CD44 protein in lung cancer. Methods The expressions of Nanog and CD44 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 50 cases of lung cancer, 32 cases of benign lesion lung tissue and 18 cases of paraneoplastic normal lung tissue. Then their relationships with clinicopathological factors were analyzed. Results The expression of Nanog in lung cancer was significantly higher than those in benign lesion lung tissue and paraneoplastic normal lung tissue (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of the expression of CD44 among the three groups (P > 0.05). The expressions of Nanog and CD44 in squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those in adenocarcinomas and small cell lung carcinomas (P < 0.05). The expressions of Nanog and CD44 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), but were not correlated with age, gender, tumour size, TNM stage and differentiation of lung cancer (P>0.05). The positive correlation was also noted between the expressions of Nanog and CD44 in lung cancer (r = 0.564, P < 0.05). Conclusion Nanog and CD44 proteins may participate in the genesis and progression of lung cancer. Nanog protein is a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of intrathecal (IT) dexmedetomidine on the expression of cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation (p-CREB) in spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of bone cancer pain. Methods Sixty-four adult female Wistar rats weighing 200-240 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 16 each): sham operation group (group S); bone cancer pain group (group BP); normal saline group ( group NS) ; dexmedetomidine group (group D) . Bone cancer pain was induced by injecting Walker 2S6 mammary gland carcinoma cell suspension (2 ×106 cells/ml) 10μl into the medullary cavity of the tibia in BP, NS and D groups. Groups S and BP received no IT injection. Croups NS and D received IT injection of NS 10 μl and dexme detomidine 5 μg/kg respectively 7 days after successful establishment of the model. Ten animals were selected from each group at 1 day before IT administration (T0), immediately before IT administration (T1 ) and at 1, 6, 12 and 24 h after IT administration (T2-5 ) and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) to mechanical stimuli was measured with von Frey filaments. The other 6 rats in each group were sacrificed at T4 and the spinal cord was removed for determination of p-CREB expression in the spinal dorsal horn.Results PWT was significantly decreased at T1-5 and pCREB expression up-regulated at T4 in BP, NS and D groups compared with group S ( P ＜ 0.05) . Compared with group BP, PWT was significantly decreased at T2-5 and p-CREB expression down-regulated at T4 in group D ( P ＜0.03), while no significant change in PWT and p-CREB expression was found in group NS (P ＞ 0.05) .Conclusion IT dexmedetomidine can reduce the bone cancer pain through inhibiting the phosphorylation of CREB in rat spinal dorsal horn.