Clinicians need to focus on various points in the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia.This article prescribed the treatment protocol based on the unique features,such as insomnia in the elderly,women experiencing specific physiologi-cal periods,children insomnia,insomnia in sleep-breathing disorder patients,insomnia in patients with chronic liver and kidney dysfunction.It pro-vides some reference for clinicians while they make decision on diagnosis,differentiation and treat-ment methods.

Cerebral stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease that gives rise to the increases of the morbidity，disability and fatality rates，and imposes burdens to the patients family and the whole society. Post-stroke depression is a kind of clinical complications for cerebral stroke patients，as a complication， post-stroke depression affects the treatment effect and prognosis of stroke survivors， and has become a widely concerned public health issue. At present， oral psychotropic drugs commonly used in clinical practice. Patients often have poor compliance and clinical efficacy is not ideal. Psychological rehabilitation ， as a safe and effective clinical treatment method， has been accepted by patients and clinicians. The current research progress is reviewed， in order to provide a basis and reference for clinical treatment of post stroke depression and future research development.
Psychotherapy

Objective: This study’s objective is to assess the efficacy and safety of Pulsed Magnetic Therapy System (PMTS) in improving insomnia disorder. Methods: Participants with insomnia disorder were randomly assigned to receive either PMTS or sham treatment for four weeks (n= 153; PMTS: 76, sham: 77). Primary outcomes are the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores at week 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4 (treatment), and 5 (follow-up). Secondary outcomes are the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at baseline and week 4, and weekly sleep diary-derived values for sleep latency, sleep efficiency, real sleep time, waking after sleep onset, and sleep duration. Results: The ISI scores of the PMTS group and the sham group were 7.13±0.50, 11.07±0.51 at week 4, respectively. There was a significant group×time interaction for ISI (F3.214, 485.271=24.25, p<0.001, ηp 2=0.138). Only the PMTS group experienced continuous improvement throughout the study; in contrast, the sham group only experienced a modest improvement after the first week of therapy. At the end of the treatment and one week after it, the response of the PMTS group were 69.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 58.6%–79.0%), 75.0% (95% CI: 64.1%–83.4%), respectively, which were higher than the response of the sham group (p<0.001). For each of the secondary outcomes, similar group×time interactions were discovered. The effects of the treatment persisted for at least a week. Conclusion PMTS is safe and effective in improving insomnia disorders.

Objective: To analyze the association of personality characteristics and cognitive adjustment strategies among parents of adolescents with non suicidal self injury(NSSI) with adolescent NSSI. Methods: Adolescents with NSSI who visited the hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were recruited as the case group( n =60), and healthy adolescents recruited in the school, community and hospital were selected as the control group( n =60). The participants parents completed the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory and the Chinese version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-C), Logistic regression was used to explore the associations. Results: Parents of the control group had higher scores of openness (40.90±6.19) and conscientiousness (48.18±6.12) than parents of the case group (36.88±5.02)(44.12±6.58) ( t =3.90，3.50， P <0.05). In terms of negative events, scores of acceptance, positive reappraisal, refocusing on planning, positive refocusing and putting into perspective were higher among parents of the control group than among parents of the case group ( t =3.43，3.58，2.36，5.44，3.53， P <0.05). Among parents of the case group, neuroticism was positively correlated with putting into perspective ( r =0.31) and catastrophizing ( r =0.37). Openness was positively correlated with positive refocusing ( r =0.30) and positive reappraisal ( r =0.27). Acceptance was negatively correlated with extroversion ( r = -0.29 ), openness ( r =-0.40), conscientiousness ( r =-0.26),while other blame was negatively correlated with extroversion ( r = -0.35 ), agreeableness ( r =-0.36). Extraversion was negatively associated with positive refocusing ( r =-0.32)( P <0.05). According to binary regression analysis, the income of parents in the case group ( OR =0.49), education ( OR =0.60), acceptance ( OR =0.59), positive reappraisal ( OR =0.45), putting into perspective ( OR =0.53), neuroticisms ( OR =0.81), openness ( OR =0.76) and conscientiousness ( OR =0.74) were risk factors, whereas refocusing on planning ( OR =2.09) and self blame ( OR =1.55) were protective factors of NSSI in the case group( P <0.05). Conclusion When confronted with adverse events, the personality characteristics of parents of children with NSSI, and the emotional regulation strategies adopted by these parents, have influence on the prevalence of NSSI in this population.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic by a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. Methods: CNKI, PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched to collect literature on the prevalence of PTSD in the general population during the epidemic. The retrieval time is from the database construction to 31/08/2020. Meta-analysis was performed on the included articles by using Review Manger 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software. Results: The prevalence of PTSD in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic was 15% (95% CI: 11–21%, p<0.001). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic brought certain mental pain to general population, leading to a rise in the incidence of PTSD in a short time.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is the treasure of Chinese civilization. It embodies the characteristics and essence of the outstanding culture of China. As the indispensable platform, Chinese medicine museum plays an important role to spread the TCM culture and educate the public. This articl analyzes the difficulties and challenges of propagation and education of TCM in the museum field, explores the effective strategies from four aspects, covering the content construction, interpretation, education activities, and temporary exhibitions. Only in this way, the public education would be promoted effectively in the museum field.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic by a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis. Methods: CNKI, PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched to collect literature on the prevalence of PTSD in the general population during the epidemic. The retrieval time is from the database construction to 31/08/2020. Meta-analysis was performed on the included articles by using Review Manger 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software. Results: The prevalence of PTSD in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic was 15% (95% CI: 11–21%, p<0.001). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic brought certain mental pain to general population, leading to a rise in the incidence of PTSD in a short time.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence and predictors of OSA in Chinese bariatric surgery candidates. Materials and Methods: The clinical data were collected from 326 patients evaluated for bariatric surgery and referred for polysomnography. Multiple logistic regression was used for identifying independent predictors of presence of OSA and ROC curve analysis to determine the best cut-off value for continuous variable. Results: Baseline BMI and age were 33.3±3.7 kg/m2 and 24.3±3.1 years. 62.9% of the patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for OSA; Of these, 22.7% had mild OSA; 11.3% had moderate OSA, and 28.8% had severe OSA. The prevalence was significantly higher in males (84.2%) than in females (47.3%) (P＜0.001). The superobese patients and the obese patients aged older than 50 years that all of those were diagnosed with OSA. A multivariate logistic regression model displayed that increasing age, BMI and neck circumference together with presence of habitual snoring and male sex were identified as risk factors of OSA. The best cut-off values for the presence of OSA for age, BMI, neck circumference were 24.5 years, 39.45 kg/m2 , 40.40 cm. Conclusion The prevalence of OSA is very prevalent (62.9%) in Chinese bariatric surgery candidates, especially in male patients (84%). Age, BMI and neck circumference together with presence of habitual snoring and male sex are independent predictors of OSA in these patients. As clinical predictors are not enough to be a properly screening for OSA, routine PSG testing should be recommended to bariatric surgery candidates.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence and predictors of OSA in Chinese bariatric surgery candidates. Materials and Methods: The clinical data were collected from 326 patients evaluated for bariatric surgery and referred for polysomnography. Multiple logistic regression was used for identifying independent predictors of presence of OSA and ROC curve analysis to determine the best cut-off value for continuous variable. Results: Baseline BMI and age were 33.3±3.7 kg/m2 and 24.3±3.1 years. 62.9% of the patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for OSA; Of these, 22.7% had mild OSA; 11.3% had moderate OSA, and 28.8% had severe OSA. The prevalence was significantly higher in males (84.2%) than in females (47.3%) (P＜0.001). The superobese patients and the obese patients aged older than 50 years that all of those were diagnosed with OSA. A multivariate logistic regression model displayed that increasing age, BMI and neck circumference together with presence of habitual snoring and male sex were identified as risk factors of OSA. The best cut-off values for the presence of OSA for age, BMI, neck circumference were 24.5 years, 39.45 kg/m2 , 40.40 cm. Conclusion The prevalence of OSA is very prevalent (62.9%) in Chinese bariatric surgery candidates, especially in male patients (84%). Age, BMI and neck circumference together with presence of habitual snoring and male sex are independent predictors of OSA in these patients. As clinical predictors are not enough to be a properly screening for OSA, routine PSG testing should be recommended to bariatric surgery candidates.

Objective:To explore the changes of serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor levels of alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD) before and after venlafaxine treatment.Methods:Thirty-five MDD patients (MDD group) and thirty ethnic origin, gender, age, BMI and education level matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited.The 17-item Hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17), Young manic rating scale (YMRS) were used to evaluate mood changes and therapeutic effect.The level of serum hs-CRP was detected by immunoturbidimetry, and the contents of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by Elisa.The changes of serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 in MDD patients before and after monotherapy (venlafaxine) treatment for 8 weeks and the differences of inflammatory cytokines between the MDD group and HC group were analyzed by t test, and partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the changes of inflammatory cytokines and clinical symptoms in patients before and after treatment. Results:Before treatment, there were no significant differences of serum hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 between MDD group and HC group( P>0.05). After treatment for 8 weeks, the score of HAMD-17 in MDD group was significantly decreased compared with that in pretreatment((5.63±2.81), (22.49±4.48), t=14.40, P<0.01), however were still higher than that in HC group ((3.15±1.11), t=3.681, P<0.01). Serum levels of hs-CRP ((0.37±0.43)mg/L, (0.88±0.97)mg/L, t=3.097, P=0.006), TNF-α ((0.37±0.43)ng/L, (0.88±0.97)ng/L, t=3.097, P=0.006) and IL-6 ((4.70±2.30)ng/L, (6.47±4.07)ng/L, t=4.758, P<0.001) in post-treatment were significant lower than those in pretreatment for MDD patients.Serum level of hs-CRP ( t=-3.521, P<0.05), TNF-α ( t=-7.744, P<0.001) and IL-6( t=-3.337, P<0.05) in post-treatment MDD group were significantly lower than those in HC group.After controlling for age and BMI, partial correlation analysis showed that TNF-α level was negatively correlated with duration of disease in the MDD group before( r=-0.784, P=0.012) and after treatment( r=-0.658, P=0.020). Conclusion:Venlafaxine can reduce serum TNF-α, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels in patients with MDD, suggesting that changes in inflammatory cytokines may be involved in the mechanism of antidepressant therapy by venlafaxine.