OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided selective nerve branch blockage in the treatment of lumbar spinal nerve posterior branch syndrome. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with lumbar spinal nerve posterior branch syndrome treated by Pain Clinic from May 2017 to December 2018 were selected. According to the method used in locating site for nerve blockage, the patients were divided into ultrasound-guided group and anatomical positioning group, with 20 cases in each group. In anatomical positioning group, there were 7 males and 13 females, aged (63.42±7.71) years old, weighted (63.65±10.72) kg, numerical rating scale (NRS) was (6.61±1.52) scores, course of disease was (16.55±4.68) months. Pain sites:4 cases at L RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, weight, NRS, course of disease and pain segment distribution between two groups ( CONCLUSION Comparedwith anatomicalpositioning, ultrasound-guided selective nerve branch block for the treatment of posterior branch of the lumbar spinal cord syndrome can reduce the number of treatments and maintain a longer therapeutic effect, but it is also necessary to pay attention to the time of each treatment to avoid dizziness and other adverse reactions.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; Spinal Nerves/diagnostic imaging* ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Fusarium is the major pathogen of root rot of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. This study aims to explain the possible distribution of Fusarium species and the contamination of its toxin-chemotypes in tuberous root of P. heterophylla. A total of 89 strains of fungi were isolated from the tuberous root of P. heterophylla. Among them, 29 strains were identified as Fusarium by ITS2 sequence, accounting for 32.5%. They were identified as five species of F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum, F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum, and F. graminearum based on β-Tubulin and EF-1α genes. LC-MS/MS detected 18, 1, and 5 strains able to produce ZEN, DON, and T2, which accounted for 62.1%, 3.4%, and 17.2%, respectively. Strain JK3-3 can produce ZEN, DON, and T2, while strains BH1-4-1, BH6-5, and BH16-2 can produce ZEN and T2. PCR detected six key synthase genes of Tri1, Tri7, Tri8, Tri13, PKS14, and PKS13 in strain JK3-3, which synthesized three toxins of ZEN, DON, and T2. Four key synthase genes of Tri8, Tri13, PKS14, and PKS13 were detected in strains BH1-4-1, BH6-5, and BH16-2, which were responsible for the synthesis of ZEN and T2. The results showed that the key genes of toxin biosynthesis were highly correlated with the toxins produced by Fusarium, and the biosynthesis of toxin was strictly controlled by the genetic information of the strain. This study provides a data basis for the targeted prevention and control of exo-genous mycotoxins in P. heterophylla and a possibility for the development of PCR for rapid detection of toxin contamination.
Caryophyllaceae ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Fusarium/genetics* ; Mycotoxins ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 3 surface different treatments on the crystal structure, shear bond strength,roughness value and flexural strength of zirconia. METHODS: The zirconia specimens were prepared and randomly divided into 4 groups and received the following treatments: (1) blank control group,the specimens without treatments; (2)sandblasting with alumina group, sandblasting the specimens with 110 μm alumina particles for 21 s as working pressure 0.25 MPa and working distance 10 mm; (3)laser etching group, coating the surface of the specimens with graphite powder and using Er:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser to irradiate the surface 30 s; (4) hot-etching group, putting the specimens in a closed reactor within a 1:1 mixture of 40% (mass traction) nitric acid and 68%(mass traction) hydrofluoric acid liquid, the reaction of 30 min in a water bath at 100 degrees centigrade. The changes of crystal structure, shear bond strength(SBS) and flexural strength of zirconia after different surface treatments were tested. RESULTS: The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) patterns showed that the volume percentage of monoclinic phase of the 4 groups was 0.91%, 12.50%, 6.64% and 17.81% respectively. The roughness value for the four groups were as follows: blank control group,(0.29±0.01) μm; sandblasting with alumina group, (1.05±0.11) μ m; laser etching group, (0.73±0.04) μm; hot-etching group, (1.31±0.06) μm, respectively(P<0.05). Mean SBS was (7.09±0.46) MPa in blank control group, (12.14±1.51) MPa in sandblasting with alumina group, (8.82±0.74) MPa in laser etching group and (11.97±0.99) MPa in hot-etching group. There was no statistically significant difference between sandblasting with alumina group and hot-etching group (P>0.05), but the difference between the other groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). Mean three-point bending was (933.70±44.13) MPa in blank control group, (850.95±60.66) MPa in sandblasting with alumina group, (771.53±68.08) MPa in laser etching group and (766.27±57.49) MPa in hot-etching group. There was no statistically significant difference between sandblasting with alumina group and hot-etching group (P>0.05), but the difference between the other groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION After different surface treatments, the surface of zirconia has changed from tetrago-nal to monoclinic phases in varying degrees. In addition, surface treatments could improve the bond strength of zirconia to resin cement, and also lead to a decrease in the flexural strength of zirconia.
Aluminum Oxide ; Dental Bonding ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Resin Cements ; Shear Strength ; Surface Properties ; Zirconium