Objective To investigate the effect of membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily member 6D(MS4A6D)gene knockout on the fertility of female mice.Methods On the basis of the successful construction of Ms4a6d gene knockout model mice,the homozygous Ms4a6d gene knockout(Ms4a6d-/-)mice at an age of different weeks were subjected.Mouse genotype was identified with RT-qPCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.HE staining,immunofluorescence assay and ELISA were used to detect serum level of anti-müllerian hormone(AMH),composition of macrophages and follicles at all levels in the ovaries of Ms4a6d-/mice,respectively.The fertility changes in pregnant rate and average litter size of female Ms4a6d-/-mice were observed by fertility experiments.Results Compared with the wild-type(Ms4a6d+/+)female mice at the same age,there were less macrophages in the ovarian tissues of the 2-and 4-week-old Ms4a6d-/-female mice(P＜0.01),but no significant difference was observed between the 2 types of mice at 8 weeks of age.For the adult Ms4a6d-/-female mice at an age of 8 weeks,the ovarian coefficient was obviously lower(P＜0.01),and the numbers of primordial,primary,secondary and antral follicles in the ovarian tissues was statistically lower(P＜0.05)when compared with the adult wild-type female mice at the same age.The serum AMH level was notably lower in the Ms4a6d-/-female mice of all ages than the wild-type ones at corresponding ages(P＜0.05).The average pregnancy rate was 56％and the litter size was 4.1±1.1 in adult Ms4a6d-/-female mice,which were significantly lower than those of wild-type mice of the same age(89％and 6.3±1.2).Conclusion Ms4a6d gene knockout decreases the number of macrophages in the ovarian tissues of adolescent females,interferes with the development of follicles in the ovarian tissues of adolescent females,and leads to a decrease in ovarian reserve in adult females and a decrease in fertility in adult females.

Objective:To explore the current status of surgery for portal hypertension to grasp current status and future development of surgery in China.Methods:This study is jointly sponsored by China Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Specialist Alliance & Portal Hypertension Alliance in China (CHESS).Comprehensive surveying is conducted for basic domestic situations of surgery for portal hypertension, including case load, surgical approaches, management of postoperative complications, primary effects, existing confusion and obstacles, liver transplantation(LT), laparoscopic procedures and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS), etc.Results:A total of 8 512 cases of portal hypertension surgery are performed at 378 hospitals nationwide in 2021.Splenectomy plus devascularization predominated(53.0%)and laparoscopy accounted for 76.1%.Primary goal is preventing rebleeding(67.0%) and 72.8% of hospitals used preventive anticoagulants after conventional surgery.And 80.7% of teams believe that the formation of postoperative portal vein thrombosis is a surgical dilemma and 65.3% of hospitals practiced both laparoscopy and TIPS.The major reasons for patients with portal hypertension not receiving LT are due to a lack of qualifications for LT(69.3%)and economic factors(69.0%).Conclusions:Surgery is an integral part of management of portal hypertension in China.However, it is imperative to further standardize the grasp of surgical indications, the handling of surgical operation and the management of postoperative complications.Moreover, prospective, multi-center randomized controlled clinical studies should be performed.

Objective To investigate the effect of knockdown or overexpression of G6PD on proliferation, growth and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell PLC/PRF/5. Methods Lentivirus-mediated knock-down or overexpression of G6PD was achieved in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line PLC/PRF/5. RT-PCR and Western blotting assay were used to detect the overexpression or knockdown of G6PD.Cell proliferation and mi-gration curves were recorded by real-time cell analysis system(RTCA),the cell proportion in the DNA replication phase can be directly displayed with EDU experiment,cell growth ability was detected by colony forming assay. Results The doubling time of cells in G6PD knockdown group was longer than that of the control group,and the cell growth rate decreased significantly,the proportion of cells in proliferative phase(43.2%)was lower than that in the control group,but the rates colony formation and migration were significantly decreased(P<0.05,respective-ly),and the migration curves separated apparently.While no significant differences in proliferation,growth and mi-gration of PLC/PRF/5 cells were found between the over-expressed strain and the control group. Conclusion The reduction of G6PD expression in HCC cells inhibits the proliferation and growth of HCC,which may lay a foun-dation for the further study of the pathogenesis and treatment of HCC.