Objective To analyze the spectrum of poisoning diseases in the Tongliao area,and provide the scientific basis for standardized treatment of acute poisoning and formulation of toxin control strategies in this area.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study method was conducted,clinical data of acute poisoning patients admitted to the emergency center(department of emergency)of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Affiliated Hospital from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022,were collected through the hospital information system(HIS),including gender,age,marital status,regional distribution,poisoning routes,cultural level,poisoning cause,seasonal distribution,occupation,past medical history,types of toxic drugs,and number of patients undergoing blood purification treatment.Analyze the disease spectrum characteristics of patients with different prognosis,gender,age,region,seasonal distribution and occupational poisoning,and observe the changes in treatment costs for acute poisoning patients of different types of poisoning.Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation between gender,age,occupation,past medical history,poisoning routes,cause of poisoning,treatment methods(gastric lavage,blood purification),season,and total hospitalization expenses.Results A total of 701 patients with acute poisoning were enrolled,including 335 outpatients and 366 inpatients.The ratio of males to females was 1∶1.49,and the average age was(43.23±19.39)years old.①Gender characteristics:there was no significant difference in the growth rate of male and female cases of sexual poisoning over the past 5 years(P＞0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the acute poisoning spectrum between males and females(χ2 = 39.75,P = 0.000);②In terms of age:acute poisoning patients were concentrated in those over 30 years old,with an average age of(52.41±14.47)years.Among them,169 cases(24.11%)over 60 years old were the most common.There was statistical significance in the comparison of poisoning spectra among patients of different age groups(χ2 = 87.57,P = 0.000);③ Past medical history:previous medical history has a significant impact on acute poisoning.In this study,244 cases(34.81%)had a previous medical history,of which 85 cases(34.84%)had a history of mental illness.Among the 47 cases of poisoning caused by psychotropic drugs;④Regional distribution:Horqin District had the highest number of acute poisoning patients(340 cases),while Huolingol City had the lowest number(5 cases).There were statistically significant differences in the number of acute poisoning patients in different regions(χ2 = 74.820,P = 0.034);⑤Seasonal characteristics:poisoning months were concentrated in May,June,July,August,and September,pesticide poisoning was concentrated in May,July,and August,and therapeutic drug poisoning was concentrated in June,July,August,and October;food poisoning mainly occurs in August and September;⑥ Occupational characteristics:farmers and herdsmen had the highest incidence of acute poisoning(63.33%),while retirees had the lowest incidence of poisoning(1.71%).There were statistically significant differences in the spectrum of occupational poisoning among different professions(χ2 = 86.130,P = 0.000);⑦ Treatment cost:pesticide poisoning and food poisoning have the highest per capita cost;⑧ Correlation analysis:correlation analysis showed that the total cost of treatment was significantly positively correlated with toxic drugs and blood purification(r = 0.105,0.678,P = 0.044,0.000),and negatively correlated with seasons(r =-0.125,P = 0.017).It was not correlated with gender,age,occupation,history,poisoning routes,poisoning cause,and gastric lavage(r values were 0.077,0.078,-0.025,0.036,0.069,-0.073,0.004,all P＞0.05);⑨Types and prognosis of toxins:therapeutic drugs(54.07%)and pesticides(37.95%)were the most common types of toxins.The main therapeutic drugs were sedatives and hypnotics(32.72%)and antipyretic analgesics(22.69%);pesticide poisoning was mainly caused by herbicides(31.20%),rodenticides(27.44%),and organophosphorus insecticides(24.81%).Poisoning routes mainly due to gastrointestinal intake(97.43%);545 cases(77.75%)were cured and improved,146 cases(20.83%)were not cured,and 10 cases(1.42%)died.There is no statistically significant difference in overall prognosis among different types of poisoning(χ2 = 10.380,P = 0.239).The blood purification treatment rate was 27.39%.Conclusion Acute poisoning in the Tongliao area has regional characteristics.The main causes were emergency stimuli such as arguments and alcohol consumption,as well as intentional poisoning caused by mental and neurological diseases such as anxiety,depression,sleep disorders,and cerebrovascular diseases.Reducing accessibility is crucial for the control of local toxins.