Objective To establish a rapid detection and identification method for the chemical components of Longshengzhi capsules based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.Method UPLC-Q/TOF-MS technology was used to analyze and identify the chemical components of Longshengzhi capsules.The chromatographic column was a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column(100mm×2.1mm,1.7 μm),and the mobile phase A was 0.1%formic acid water.The mobile phase B was a methanol acetonitrile(1∶1)solution containing 0.1%formic acid(B).The flow rate is 0.3mL/min,the column temperature is 40℃,and the injection volume is 2 μL.The ion source adopts the electric spray ion source.The data is collected in the positive and negative ion modes,and the collection range is m/z 50～1200.The identification and matching are carried out through UNIFI software combined with manual verification of chemical components.Result 87 chemical components were preliminarily and rapidly identified.Conclusion The established method can systematically and rapidly analyze the chemical components in Longsheng leeches,providing a basis for the study of medicinal substances and having important significance for the quality control of Longsheng leeches.

Inhibitory cells derived from bone marrow are a kind of inhibitory cells derived from bone marrow.These cells are not only related to tumor growth,but also participate in the inflammatory immune process.Therefore,we established a rat model of chronic osteomyelitis,and used gemcitabine to inhibit the cell growth ratio of MDSCs.We detected the ratio of MDSCs in bone marrow and spleen of rats by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence,detected the changes of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood by ELISA,and analyzed the inflammatory factors(TNF-α,PCT,IL-4,IL-10,IL-11)in peripheral blood of normal rats,osteomyelitis rats and rats after gemcitabine inhibition.The results showed that the proportion of MDSCs cells in bone marrow and spleen of osteomyelitis model rats was increased,but it was significantly decreased in gemcitabine group(P<0.05).Levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α,PCT,IL-4,IL-10,IL-17,IFN-γ,TGF-β)were positively correlated with the change of MDSCs cell proportion(P<0.05).From the results,it can be inferred that the change of the proportion of MDSCs cells in rat osteomyelitis is positively related to the inflammatory factors,and gemcitabine can reduce inflammatory factors by inhibiting MDSCs.

Objective:To investigate the main factors that influence ALT abnormalities in workers exposed to benzene.Methods:In June 2022, data of 613 enterprises with benzene hazards and 585 enterprises with non-benzene hazards in Tianjin in 2021 were collected, and occupational health examination data of 13018 workers with benzene exposure and 13018 workers with non-benzene exposure were collected, and the region, enterprise type, industry classification and enterprise scale of the employer were analyzed. And occupational health examination data of workers with benzene exposure and non-benzene exposure. The effects of personal general situation, occupational history, enterprise information and benzene exposure on alanine aminotransferase were evaluated by additive interaction.Results:Compared with the group of non-benzene-exposed workers, the personal general conditions, occupational history, company information were higher in the benzene-exposed workers, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The quantitative analysis of additive interaction found that gender ( RERI=2.632, 95% CI: 1.966-3.297; AP=0.383, 95% CI: 0.311-0.456; S=1.813, 95% CI: 1.530-2.149), age ( RERI=1.142, 95% CI: 0.928-1.356; AP=0.462, 95% CI: 0.371-0.552; S=4.461, 95% CI: 1.800-11.053), length of service ( RERI=-1.199, 95% CI: -1.653--0.745; AP=-0.456, 95% CI: -0.640--0.271; S=0.576, 95% CI: 0.479-0.693), region ( RERI=0.421, 95% CI: 0.148-0.694; AP=0.161, 95% CI: 0.053-0.268; S=1.350, 95% CI: 1.057-1.726), industry classification ( RERI=0.627, 95% CI: 0.345-0.910; AP=0.232, 95% CI: 0.132-0.332; S=1.584, 95% CI: 1.233-2.035) and benzene exposure had a statistically significant additive interaction with abnormal serum ALT. Conclusion:Emphasis should be placed on male workers under the age of 40 in the petrochemical industry, oil storage and transportation, and power production, so as to protect the health of workers more specifically and reduce the risk of disability due to disease.

Objective:To investigate the main factors that influence ALT abnormalities in workers exposed to benzene.Methods:In June 2022, data of 613 enterprises with benzene hazards and 585 enterprises with non-benzene hazards in Tianjin in 2021 were collected, and occupational health examination data of 13018 workers with benzene exposure and 13018 workers with non-benzene exposure were collected, and the region, enterprise type, industry classification and enterprise scale of the employer were analyzed. And occupational health examination data of workers with benzene exposure and non-benzene exposure. The effects of personal general situation, occupational history, enterprise information and benzene exposure on alanine aminotransferase were evaluated by additive interaction.Results:Compared with the group of non-benzene-exposed workers, the personal general conditions, occupational history, company information were higher in the benzene-exposed workers, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The quantitative analysis of additive interaction found that gender ( RERI=2.632, 95% CI: 1.966-3.297; AP=0.383, 95% CI: 0.311-0.456; S=1.813, 95% CI: 1.530-2.149), age ( RERI=1.142, 95% CI: 0.928-1.356; AP=0.462, 95% CI: 0.371-0.552; S=4.461, 95% CI: 1.800-11.053), length of service ( RERI=-1.199, 95% CI: -1.653--0.745; AP=-0.456, 95% CI: -0.640--0.271; S=0.576, 95% CI: 0.479-0.693), region ( RERI=0.421, 95% CI: 0.148-0.694; AP=0.161, 95% CI: 0.053-0.268; S=1.350, 95% CI: 1.057-1.726), industry classification ( RERI=0.627, 95% CI: 0.345-0.910; AP=0.232, 95% CI: 0.132-0.332; S=1.584, 95% CI: 1.233-2.035) and benzene exposure had a statistically significant additive interaction with abnormal serum ALT. Conclusion:Emphasis should be placed on male workers under the age of 40 in the petrochemical industry, oil storage and transportation, and power production, so as to protect the health of workers more specifically and reduce the risk of disability due to disease.

Objective:To analyze and summarize the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, a variant of concern (VOC), in Henan Province in 2021 in order to provide a basis for epidemic prevention and control.Methods:According to the feedback of sequencing results from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 111 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC were selected from the Henan imported and local cases in 2021. Basic patient information was obtained from the pandemic website. The differences in age, gender, vaccination history, the number of vaccine doses and different clinical types were analyzed. Moreover, the differences in RT-qPCR results of ORF1 ab gene and N gene Ct values between cases of different genders and symptoms were analyzed statistically. Sequencing results of the nucleotide and S protein mutation sites were analyzed. Results:There was no significant difference in the gender distribution of 111 cases between different age groups (χ 2=2.217, P=0.529). There was also no significant difference in clinical types between patients with different vaccination history (χ 2=12.074, P=0.209). The Ct values of most SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-positive specimens were distributed in the lower range and the viral loads were higher. The difference in the Ct value of ORF1 ab gene between different gender groups was not statistically significant (χ 2=1.646, P=0.439), but were significantly different among asymptomatic, mild, normal, and severe cases (χ 2=13.257, P=0.039). There was no significant difference in N gene Ct value among cases of different genders or different symptoms (all P>0.05). The 111 patients in this study were mainly found through close-contact screening and full-staff nucleic acid screening and accounted for 62.2% (69 cases) of the total. The sequencing length coverage was basically greater than 99% (accounting for 90.1%, 100/111); the total number of nucleotide mutation sites was mostly in the range of 46-50 (86.4%, 89/103); the total number of S protein mutation sites was mostly 12 (82.5%, 85/103). The 103 Delta mutants all contained nine mutation sites, which were T19R, R158G, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, D950N, E156del and F157del, with a mutation rate of 100%. Conclusions:People were highly susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 Delta in Henan Province in 2021. High viral load and increase in the ORF1 ab gene load would aggravate the clinical symptoms.

Objective:To analyze the dynamic changes and possible influencing factors of anti-2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) neutralizing antibody in confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases.Methods:Microneutralization was used to test the anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody. Excel 2007 and SPSS 22.0 were used for data processing and analysis.Results:There were 420 serum samples collected from 155 confirmed COVID-19 cases. These serum samples contained acute phase serum, convalescent phase serum and serum from cases recovered for about six months. The sampling time was 0-221 days after the onset of COVID-19. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody was 1∶13 at 1 week, and 1∶31 at 2 week. The titers of anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody of individual cases were still<1∶4 on the 15 th day. The GMT was all over 1: 52 (13×4) at 6-32 week. Taking 1: 64 as the cut-off point, the serum anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody positive rates was 30.56% in acute phase serum samples (0-14 d, 0-2 w), 82.31% in convalescent phase serum samples (36-63 d, 6-9 w) and 86.52% in serum samples from cases recovered for about six months (183-210 d, 27-30 w). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody levels at the other weeks except 1-2 week ( χ2=9.270, P=0.931), there was no statistically differences in gender, age and occupation of the cases, and also between the normal and mild cases ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The serum anti-2019-nCoV neutralizing antibody level is only statistically correlated with the disease progression of COVID-19, and maintain the protective level from 3 to 30 week.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness, bulbar paralysis and pyramidal sign. Due to rapid deterioration in several years, patients always die from respiratory failure. Until now, no effective treatment has been discovered. Nutrition and metabolism are fundamental in all human existence, which may also correlate with the development and progression of ALS. Early assessment of nutritional and metabolic status and individualized dietary intervention may prolong life-span of patients with ALS. Therefore, the article reviewed the nutritional status and energy metabolism in ALS patients, and sought proper dietary management patterns.

Objective:To understand the characteristics of brucellosis in adults and the abnormality of blood lipid profile, and to analyze the related factors of dyslipidemia in brucellosis patients, so as to provide reference for preventing and controlling the potential risk of dyslipidemia in brucellosis patients.Methods:The clinical data of all hospitalized patients with brucellosis diagnosed in Liaoning Provincial Hospital of Infectious Diseases from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016 were collected. Patients' general demographic characteristics, exposure history, clinical stage and course of disease, concomitant chronic diseases and other basic conditions and dyslipidemia were analyzed; single factor and multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were used to analyze the related factors of dyslipidemia in patients with brucellosis.Results:A total of 562 cases with brucellosis were collected, aged (48.59 ± 12.26) years old, ranging from 18 to 76 years old, and the male to female ratio was 2.5∶1.0 (402∶160); among them, 193 cases (34.3%) had a history of contact with cattle and 331 cases (58.9%) had a history of contact with sheep. Among the 562 cases of brucellosis, 314 cases (55.9%) were accompanied with dyslipidemia, 48 (8.5%), 152 (27.0%), 60 (10.7%) and 217 (38.6%) with abnormal total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes [odds ratio ( OR) = 4.201, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 1.361-12.971], elevated neutrophils ( OR = 2.314, 95% CI: 1.981-5.462), elevated alanine transferase ( OR = 2.188, 95% CI: 1.379-3.473), increased procalcitonin ( OR = 1.707, 95% CI: 1.515-2.532), history of contact with cattle ( OR = 2.170, 95% CI: 1.464-3.125) were risk factors of dyslipidemia in patients with brucellosis; and neutropenia ( OR = 0.458, 95% CI: 0.232-0.904) was a protective factor. Conclusions:The incidence of dyslipidemia in brucellosis patients is high. Diabetes, inflammation, abnormal liver function, and history contact with cattle are related factors for dyslipidemia in patients with brucellosis. Targeted measures should be taken to intervene and control the potential risk of dyslipidemia in patients with brucellosis, so as to reduce the burden of brucellosis and non-infectious chronic diseases.

To unravel the genetic mechanisms of disease and physiological traits, it requires comprehensive sequencing analysis of large sample size in Chinese populations. Here, we report the primary results of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Precision Medicine Initiative (CASPMI) project launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including the de novo assembly of a northern Han reference genome (NH1.0) and whole genome analyses of 597 healthy people coming from most areas in China. Given the two existing reference genomes for Han Chinese (YH and HX1) were both from the south, we constructed NH1.0, a new reference genome from a northern individual, by combining the sequencing strategies of PacBio, 10× Genomics, and Bionano mapping. Using this integrated approach, we obtained an N50 scaffold size of 46.63 Mb for the NH1.0 genome and performed a comparative genome analysis of NH1.0 with YH and HX1. In order to generate a genomic variation map of Chinese populations, we performed the whole-genome sequencing of 597 participants and identified 24.85 million (M) single nucleotide variants (SNVs), 3.85 M small indels, and 106,382 structural variations. In the association analysis with collected phenotypes, we found that the T allele of rs1549293 in KAT8 significantly correlated with the waist circumference in northern Han males. Moreover, significant genetic diversity in MTHFR, TCN2, FADS1, and FADS2, which associate with circulating folate, vitamin B12, or lipid metabolism, was observed between northerners and southerners. Especially, for the homocysteine-increasing allele of rs1801133 (MTHFR 677T), we hypothesize that there exists a "comfort" zone for a high frequency of 677T between latitudes of 35-45 degree North. Taken together, our results provide a high-quality northern Han reference genome and novel population-specific data sets of genetic variants for use in the personalized and precision medicine.

Objective: To analyze changes in physique change among children and adolescents in Japan from 1900 to 2015, and to provide the scientific basis for national constitution development strategy in China. Methods: Data on height and weight of Japanese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Cluster analysis was performed to analyze the data. Results: The 5 time periods of highest physique growth rate of Japanese boy and girls were 1948-1950, 1950-1955, 1955-1960, 1960-1965, 1965-1970, and the 5 time periods of lowest growth rate were 1939-1948, 2005-2010, 2000-2005, 1900-1905, 2010-2015, 1995-2000. Physique growth of Japanese children and adolescents showed a relatively constant increasing trend before World War II and the late 20th century, and a rapid increasing trend during 20 years after World War II and a decreasing trend during and short period after World War II. In the cluster analysis, the lower half of male students fell into a single time period (1939-1948) showing the highest rate of decline. Conclusion Physical changes of Japanese children and adolescents are closely related to the socio-economic environment, and rapid increasing trend is observed during 20 years after World War II. Based on experiences from Japan, rapid socio-economic growth in China provides an important opportunity to promote physical development of children and adolescents. Cautions should be paid to the risk of overweight and obesity accompanied by economic growth.