Humans ; Aged ; Lung Diseases ; Pneumonia/drug therapy* ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy* ; Administration, Inhalation ; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy*

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of peripheral blood circulating tumor cells (CTC) and serum pepsinogen (PG) I for early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods:A case-control study was conducted utilizing the clinical data of 102 patients with gastric mucosal lesions treated at Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital between January 2021 and December 2022. Based on the diagnostic outcomes, these patients were categorized into a benign lesion group ( n = 54) and an EGC group ( n = 48). Patient demographics were compared between the two groups. Additionally, CTC and PG I-positive rates were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic effectiveness of CTC and serum PG I alone in identifying EGC was evaluated. Independent factors influencing EGC diagnosis were analyzed, and the predictive diagnostic value of CTC and serum PG I for EGC was calculated. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in gender and age between the two groups (both P > 0.05). The positivity rates of CTC and serum PG I in the EGC group were 79.17% (38/48) and 70.83% (34/48), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the benign lesion group [14.81% (8/54), 20.37% (11/54), χ2 = 42.50, 26.25, both P < 0.001]. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CTC and serum PG I alone did not show statistically significant differences in diagnosing EGC (all P > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CTC and serum PG I positivity were independent risk factors for EGC ( OR = 20.20, 8.57, both P < 0.05). Using CTC, serum PG I, and the P-value prediction probability derived from the logistic regression model, the Jordan indices for predicting the diagnosis of EGC were 0.643, 0.504, and 0.633, respectively. Conclusion:The combination of CTC and PG I is highly significant for the diagnosis of EGC, and two detection methods are crucial for accurate risk assessment of EGC.

Objective To analyze and discuss the medication rule of professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis by using data mining method,and to provide reference for the clinical research and patented drugs development for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.Methods The outpatient medical records of professor Ruan Yan for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis were collected.Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used for frequency statistics.SPSS Clementine 12.0 software was used for association rule analysis,cluster analysis and factor analysis to obtain the data.The frequency of use of various drugs and the association rules between drugs were obtained.Then the medication rules in professor Ruan Yan's prescription were analyzed.Results A total of 308 Chinese medicine compounds were included,involving 80 kinds of Chinese medicines,among which relieving drugs and qi-invigorating herbs were high-frequently used.The distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types was mainly characterized by lung-qi deficiency-cold syndrome and lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome.The medicinal properties were mainly spicy,warm and sweet,and most of them belonged to the lung,spleen and stomach meridians.Five core prescriptions were extracted by factor analysis.Four drug combinations were obtained by systematic cluster analysis.Conclusion Ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold,strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi are basic therapeutic principles for professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.The treatment mainly focused on dispelling evil,ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold during the acute stage of allergic rhinitis.In the remission period,according to the principle of"treating disease must be based on its origin",the treatment should enhance children's physical fitness,tonify lung and strengthen spleen,thereby reducing recurrence.

Objective:To investigate the short-term therapeutic effect and long-term survival of multiple myeloma patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) in the new drug era.Methods:The data of 74 patients with multiple myeloma diagnosed and treated in Anhui Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 17 patients with soft tissue infiltration (EM-S), 9 patients with bone infiltration (EM-B), and 48 patients without EMD (No-EMD). The short-term efficacy, the 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate, and their influencing factors in three groups of patients after receiving bortezomib regimen were analyzed.Results:After 3-4 courses of early induction therapy of bortezomib regimen, the overall response rate of patients in the EM-S group was lower than that in the No-EMD group and the EM-B group [58.8% (10/17) vs. 85.4% (41/48), 100.0% (9/9)], and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 13.7, P = 0.036; χ2 = 26.5, P = 0.003), while the difference between No-EMD group and EM-B group was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 12.7, P = 0.211). Survival analysis showed that the 4-year PFS rate of No-EMD group was higher than that of the EM-S group and EM-B group (41.0% vs. 7.6%, 0), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 10.835, P < 0.01; χ2 = 8.276, P = 0.004). Meanwhile, the 4-year OS rate of EM-S group was lower than that of the No-EMD group and EM-B group (16.5% vs. 54.3%, 59.3%), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 9.146, P = 0.002; χ2 = 4.066, P = 0.044). Conclusion:The early treatment effect of bortezomib regimen, PFS and OS in multiple myeloma patients with EM-S are poor, while the EM-B has no effect on OS.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and electroencephalogram (EEG) of epilepsy patients with breach rhythm, improve clinical understanding of breach rhythm and avoid over-interpretation.Methods:Twelve epilepsy patients with breach rhythm who visited the Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University from January 2016 to January 2017 were collected retrospectively. The clinical data, including etiology, clinical manifestations, EEG features and prognosis were summarized, and outpatient and telephone follow-up was performed for at least three years.Results:The clinical data of 12 patients with epilepsy with breach rhythm were collected, including eight males and four females, aged 36-78 years. After analysis, it was found that brain trauma was the most common cause of breach rhythm. Among them, two cases of skull defect were not repaired, eight cases were repaired with skull titanium mesh, one case was repaired with skull polymethylmethacrylate, and one case was repaired with skull polyetheretherketone. The distribution of the breach rhythm in 12 patients was consistent with the abnormal area of the skull. The breach rhythm can be expressed as high amplitude and fast frequency, or low amplitude and slow frequency and appear individually (similar to sharp waves, spikes). On the basis of pleomorphic slow waves, 10 patients were mixed with sharp waves and spike waves, and imaging confirmed that they had brain damage in corresponding parts. All of the 12 patients had a history of seizures, with tonic-clonic seizures and (or) focal seizures being the most common. Three patients with breach rhythm had no clinical seizures for more than five years, and had been taking antiepileptic drugs for epileptic spikes on EEG, and they were given reduction and discontinuation of the drugs and were seizure-free for three years during follow up.Conclusions:Skull repair is a common cause of breach rhythm, and repair materials with different resistances cause different waveforms and frequencies. Breach rhythm, epileptiform discharge and other pathological slow-wave activities can exist at the same time. Breach rhythm is a benign variant phenomenon which needs no special treatment.

Objective To investigate the electroclinical,treatment response and prognosis of juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE).Methods Thirty-two patients diagnosed as JAE from Epilepsy Center of Xijing Hospital between January 2014 and August 2017 were investigated.All of them underwent 24-hour video-electroencephalography (EEG) recording.Clinical aspects,electroencephalographic features,and antiepileptic drugs (AEPs) received were reviewed.The follow-up time was 6-44 months,with an average of (18.6 ± 11.6) months.Results Five patients (15.6％) had family history of epilepsy.Four patients (12.5％) had history of febrile seizures.Twenty-six patients (81.3％) showed absence seizures,11 patients (34.4％) were hyperventilation test positive,five patients (15.6％) were intermittent flash stimulation test positive.All the 32 patients received AEDs treatments,21 cases (65.5％) with monotherapy,nine patients (28.1％) with two AEDs,two patients (6.3％) with three AEDs.The most commonly used AED was valproic acid,and the second was levetiracetam.At the end of follow-up,five patients (15.6％) had complete seizure free and 27 patients (84.4％) had poor seizure control.Conclusions It is necessary to give electroclinical study on more samples of JAE and establish detailed practical diagnostic criteria about JAE as early as possible.More than half of JAE patients seizure control were not ideal.The monotherapy of JAE was less effective than combined treatment.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are ideal seed cells for tissueengineering research.OBJECTIVE: To isolate, culture and identify tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, in order toestablish a standardized tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell lines.METHODS: Caesarean-isolated tree shrew umbilical cord samples were used to isolate and culture umbilical cordmesenchymal stem cells using tissue explant adherent method. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect cellsurface markers. Osteogenic and adipogenic induction media were used to induce umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cultured umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells expressed CD90 and CD105 with the positive rate of 99.9% and 99.8% respectively. Hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34 expression ratewas 0.0% and the endothelial cell marker CD31 expression rate was 0.7%, in line with the characteristics of umbilicalcord mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. Calcium nodules by alizarin red staining and lipid droplets by oil red Ostaining were observed in the induced cells. These experimental findings indicated that umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells from tree shrews capable of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation were successfully isolated and cultured.

Objective The study is aimed to research into the effect of CD4+ T cells on patients with severe advanced breast cancer under radiotherapy that cannot be treated with surgery ,by observing the variation of CEA ,AFP ,CA125 and CA15‐3 before and after the radiotherapy applied .Methods We identified the CEA ,AFP ,CA125 and CA15‐3 densities in blood serum for a group of 38 patients with advanced breast cancer and a group of 30 normal people with chemiluminescence immune assay ,and we deter‐mined the CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ T percentage in peripheral blood and the ratio of CD4+ /CD8+ with flow cytometry .Results The group with normal CD4+ T percentage went through a decreased in CEA ,AFP ,CA125 ,CA15‐3 densities after the radiotherapy ,and the variation was significant(P<0 .05) .The group of people with abnormal CD4+ T percentage go through CEA ,CA15‐3 densities decrease after the radiotherapy ,and the variation was statistically significant(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion For those with advanced breast cancer and cannot be treated with surgery ,the influence of radiotherapy on CEA ,AFP ,CA125 ,CA15‐3 densities is significant in the group of patients with CD4+ T percentage ,adn has better therapeutic effect .

The HPLC fingerprint differences ofRadix Platycodonis from different origins were studied to provide references for their quality control and production. The total platycodins were purified by DB101 macroporous resin. HPLC-ELSD fingerprints of the total platycodins for 39 batches ofRadix Platycodonis samples from 9 provinces were performed on an Agilent HC-C8 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5μm) with gradient elution. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid. The injection volume was 6μL. The flow rate was 0.5 mL·min-1. The temperature of drift tube was set at 90℃. And the gas flow (N2) was set at 1.2 mL·min-1. The results showed that there were large differences in the quality ofRadix Platycodonis from different origins with the common fingerprints of 6 batches of samples fromChifeng in Inner Mongolia as references. The quality ofRadix Platycodonis was closely related to the seeds, the ecological environment, the way of drying and storing and so on. It was concluded that it was important to strengthen the provenance base construction, standardization of the seeds, reasonable formulation of the regionalization, and standardization of the production processing for the cultivation and production ofRadix Platycodonis.