BACKGROUND:During tissue repair and regeneration,macrophages exhibit multiple activities such as promoting inflammation,anti-inflammation,fibrosis,and wound healing at various stages of tissue damage.The heterogeneity and balanced polarization of macrophages are decisive in organ repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore the research hotspots and development trends in the field of macrophage polarization in tissue repair through visualization analysis methods,as well as the research level of global scientific and clinical workers in this field. METHODS:Using bibliometric analysis methods,this study employed Citespace literature visualization analysis software and VOSviewer tools,retrieving related literature from 2013 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection's Science Citation Index Expanded(SCI-Expanded)and Social Sciences Citation Index Expanded(SSCI-Expanded)databases.The analysis results were presented in a dynamic map format,revealing the main trends and focuses of the research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of publications in this field had dramatically increased from 2013 to 2023,with a significant rise starting in 2017.Chinese researchers had the highest number of publications,with 642 papers,while American researchers began focusing on this field early on.Professor Elisseeff Hennifer H had made a substantial contribution to the research in this area.Shanghai Jiao Tong University had produced the most publications.In recent years,keywords such as"hyaluronic acid"and"regulation"had been prevalent.Macrophage polarization research in tissue repair primarily concentrates on its multifunctional regulatory mechanisms,interactions with other cell types,and its behavior under specific pathological conditions.The main research areas include the role of macrophages in wound healing,cardiovascular diseases,chronic inflammation,tumor microenvironments,and regenerative medicine.A deeper understanding of the multifunctionality and polarization mechanisms of macrophages can lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies to enhance tissue repair and regeneration,thereby improving patient treatment outcomes.

Objective:To explore the medication law of TCM in the treatment of superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) using data mining.Methods:Literature about TCM in the treatment of SVT was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP from the establishment of the databases to November 27th, 2022. WPS 12.1.0.15990 was used to conduct statistical analysis on drug frequency, property and taste and meridian. The association rules and systematic clustering were carried out by SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 25.0. Finally the medication law of TCM in the treatment of SVT was summarized and refined.Results:A total of 281 articles were included, including 245 internal prescriptions with 182 kinds of Chinese materia medica, and 123 external prescriptions with 188 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The high frequency used oral Chinese materia medica were mainly Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Cyathulae Radix, while the high frequency drugs used externally mainly included Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Carthami Flos. These Chinese materia medica were mainly heat-clearing and blood-stasis activators drugs. The medicinal properties of high frequency oral Chinese materia medica were mainly slightly cold, flat and cold,and the tastes were mainly bitter and sweet, and the meridian were mainly liver, heart, spleen and lung. The medicinal properties of high-frequency external Chinese materia medica were mainly cold and warm, and the tastes were mainly bitter and pungent, and the meridian were mainly liver, heart, spleen and stomach. There were 22 rules of association for internal TCM and 7 for external use. The clustering analysis divided oral drugs into 5 categories and topical drugs into 4 categories.Conclusion:TCM treatment of SVT is based on clearing heat, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis, and matching with the syndromes, which reflects the holistic concept of TCM and the perspective of syndrome differentiation and treatment.

Objective To explore the effect of Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe combined with statins on coronary blood flow and blood pressure in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with hy-pertension.Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary heart disease combined with hypertension were selected as study objects,and were divided into two groups according to treatment methods,with 60 patients in each group.The conventional group was treated with amlodipine tablets combined with atorvastatin calcium tablets,and the Anshen prescription group was treated with Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe on the basis of the conventional group.The levels of Salusin-β,lipoprotein-associated phospho-lipase A2(LP-PLA2),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),pentamylin 3(PTX3),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and blood pressure of the two groups were recorded before and after treat-ment,and the TIMI3 rate of coronary blood flow in myocardial infarction thrombolysis test(TIMI)and the adverse reaction rate during treatment were analyzed.Results The total effective rate of TCM syn-drome in the Anshen prescription group was higher than that in conventional group(P＜0.05).After treatment,systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)in two groups were lower than before treatment,and SBP and DBP in the Anshen prescription group were lower than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).The rate of coronary blood flow TIMI3 in the Anshen prescrip-tion group was higher than that in the conventional group(P＜0.05).After treatment,levels of Sa-lusin-β,LP-PLA2,PTX3,hs-CRP and TNF-α in two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment,and levels of Salusin-β,LP-PLA2,PTX3,hs-CRP and TNF-α levels of in the Anshen prescription group after treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the Anshen prescription group and the conventional group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe combined with statins in the treatment of coronary heart disease with hypertension can reduce the expression of related factors,improve coronary blood flow and the curative effect.

Objective To explore the effect of Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe combined with statins on coronary blood flow and blood pressure in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with hy-pertension.Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary heart disease combined with hypertension were selected as study objects,and were divided into two groups according to treatment methods,with 60 patients in each group.The conventional group was treated with amlodipine tablets combined with atorvastatin calcium tablets,and the Anshen prescription group was treated with Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe on the basis of the conventional group.The levels of Salusin-β,lipoprotein-associated phospho-lipase A2(LP-PLA2),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),pentamylin 3(PTX3),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and blood pressure of the two groups were recorded before and after treat-ment,and the TIMI3 rate of coronary blood flow in myocardial infarction thrombolysis test(TIMI)and the adverse reaction rate during treatment were analyzed.Results The total effective rate of TCM syn-drome in the Anshen prescription group was higher than that in conventional group(P＜0.05).After treatment,systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)in two groups were lower than before treatment,and SBP and DBP in the Anshen prescription group were lower than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).The rate of coronary blood flow TIMI3 in the Anshen prescrip-tion group was higher than that in the conventional group(P＜0.05).After treatment,levels of Sa-lusin-β,LP-PLA2,PTX3,hs-CRP and TNF-α in two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment,and levels of Salusin-β,LP-PLA2,PTX3,hs-CRP and TNF-α levels of in the Anshen prescription group after treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the Anshen prescription group and the conventional group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yiqi Tongluo Anshen Recipe combined with statins in the treatment of coronary heart disease with hypertension can reduce the expression of related factors,improve coronary blood flow and the curative effect.

Objective To study the transport risk and factors that influence deaths of very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.Method All infants transferred to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) by our hospital transport team or local hospital transport team from January 2014 to December 2015 were included in our study.Their clinical data were retrospectively studied.The risks of transport between hospitals were analyzed.The risk factors of deaths within and after 7 days of admission were further analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of mortality index for neonatal transportation (MINT),transport related mortality score (TREMS),transport risk index of physiologic stability (TRIPS) for predicting mortality of preterm infants.Result (1) A total of 527 cases of ELBW/VLBW infants were included in our study.There were no deaths during transport.There were 10.2％ (54/527) died within and 8.9％ (42/473) died after 7 days of hospitalization.(2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that scleredema of newborn,secondary transport,gastrointestinal malformations,metabolic acidosis,high TREMS score,and high MINT score were risk factors of mortality within 7 days of admission for ELBW/VLBW infants;necrotizing enterocolitis,intraventricular hemorrhage ≥ three degree,high MINT score and low admission weight were risk factors of mortality after 7 days of admission.(3) The area under the ROC curve for MINT,TREMS,and TRIPS score were 0.672,0.655 and 0.665,respectively.The cut-off values for MINT score (cut-off 8,sensitivity 0.444,specificity 0.829),for TREMS score (cut-off 2,sensitivity 0.500,specificity 0.757,for TRIPS score (cut-off 20,sensitivity 0.444,specificity O.829) were selected to predict mortality within 7 days of admission.Conclusion (1) Secondary transport is the transport-related risk factor of mortality within 7 days of admission for ELBW/VLBW infants.(2) High MINT score is the risk factor of mortality within and after 7 days of admission.(3) If MINT ≥ 8,TREMS ≥2,or TRIPS ≥20,it might significantly increase the risk of mortality of ELBW/ VLBW infants within 7 days of admission after transport.

Objective To study the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants and to determine the risk factors of severe BPD.Method From January 2007 to January 2017,ELBW infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Hunan Children's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.They were assigned into severe and mild/moderate groups based on the severity of BPD.The general condition,maternal status,prenatal and delivery room treatment,transportation,clinical courses,therapy and outcome in NICU of the two groups were compared,and the risk factors of severe BPD were analyzed.Result A total of 367 cases were hospitalized during the 10 years.281 ELBW infants with complete medical records survived longer than 28 days were enrolled in this study.Among them,233 had BPD.Among BPD infants,116 cases were in the severe BPD group,47 cases (40.5％) died.117 cases were in the mild/moderate BPD group and 1 case (0.9％) died.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of severe BPD were duration of mechanical ventilation ≥ 7 days (OR =7.518,95 ％ CI 3.197 ～ 17.676),ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR =3.047,95 ％ CI 1.436 ～ 6.464),1 min Apgar score ≤7 (OR =2.341,95 ％ CI 1.142 ～ 4.796) and patent ductus arteriosus (OR =2.223,95 ％ CI 1.079 ～4.582).Conclusion The incidence and mortality of BPD,especially severe BPD,are high in ELBW infants.Avoiding asphyxia,shortening the time of mechanical ventilation,preventing infection and closing ductus arteriosus are important measures to reduce the severity of BPD.

Objective To explore the value of prenatal echocardiography in diagnosis of fetal ventricular septal defect (VSD).Methods Prenatal echocardiography was performed on 3 826 fetuses,and the results were compared with those of postnatal echocardiography or autopsy findings.The diagnostic accuracy,misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of prenatal echocardiography for VSD were calculated.Results Among 3 826 fetuses,VSD was found in 61 fetuses (61/3 826,1.59％) with prenatal echocardiography,including simple VSD in 36 fetuses (36/3 826,0.94％) and VSD complicated with other heart malformations in 25 fetuses (25/3 826,0.65 ％).According to the results of autopsy and postnatal echocardiography,the final diagnosis of VSD was found in 76 cases (76/3 826,1.99％),of which simple VSD was found in 51 cases (51/3 826,1.33 ％),VSD complicated with other heart malformations were found in 25 fetuses (25/3 826,0.65％).The diagnostic accuracy,missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of simple VSD with prenatal echocardiography was 58.82％ (30/51),41.18％ (21/51) and 1.06‰ (4/3 775),respectively.The diagnostic accuracy,missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of VSD complicated with other heart malformations with prenatal echocardiography was 96.00％ (24/25),4.00％ (1/25) and 0.26‰ (1/3 801),respectively.Conclusion Echocardiography has important clinical value in prenatal diagnosis of fetal VSD,which can provide important references for treatment plan and prognosis evaluation.

Objective To realize the clinical characteristics of fungemia in premature infants.Methods Clinical characteristics of fungemia in premature infants in the intensive care unit of a children''s hospital between January 2011 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, general condition of premature infants, laboratory-related indicators, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were compared.Results From January 2011 to December 2015, 42 premature infants with confirmed fungemia were treated in this hospital, 22 (52.38％) of whom were with fungemia caused by Candida albicans(C.albicans), 13 (30.95％) by Candida parapsilosis (C.parapsilosis), 3 by Candida krusei (C.krusei), and 4 by other fungi.Patients were grouped according to the main pathogens causing infection: C.parapsilosis group and C.albicans group.Maternal genitourinary tract infection rate and incidence of fungal meningitis in C.albicans group were both higher than C.parapsilosis group(27.27％ vs 7.69％, 27.27％ vs 0.00％ respectively), peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) rate in C.albicans group was lower than that in C.parapsilosis group(22.73％ vs 69.23％), platelet count in C.parapsilosis group was lower than C.albicans group, differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion The major fungi causing fungemia in premature infants were C.parapsilosis and C.albicans, maternal reproductive system infection during pregnancy can easily lead to candidemia, premature infants with candidemia are more vulnerable to developing fungal meningitis;PICC is more likely to lead to C.parapsilosis fungemia, and platelet decline is more obvious.

To explore novel coumarin derivatives with more potent anti-proliferative activity, a series of novel compounds were designed and synthesized by linking Schiff base and N, N-bis (2-chloroethyl) amine pharmacophore of nitrogen mustards to the coumarin's framework. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, MS and element analysis techniques. In vitro anti-proliferative activities were evaluated against HepG2, DU145 and MCF7 cell lines by the standard MTT assay. The results showed that some of the target compounds exhibited strong anti-proliferative activities against selected tumor cells, and compounds 7c, 7f, 7g, 7h and 7q were better than or equal to the activities of positive control, they deserved further development.

Fifteen novel 5-substituted-2-(pyridyl)benzothiazole compounds were designed and synthesized by simple hydrolization and condensation reaction of the 2-amino-5-substituent benzothiazole. Activities of these synthesized compounds were evaluated on Bcap-37, HCT-15 and HepG2 tumor cells in vitro by standard MTT assay. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was used as the positive control. The results revealed that most of the new compounds had potent effects on Bcap-37, HCT-15 and HepG2 tumor cells, and had no or less effect on 293T and L02 normal cells. Particularly, compounds 1c and 2e exhibited better activities on HCT-15 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 41.59 and 38.65 micromol x L(-1), and 1i showed excellent activities on Bcap-37 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 46.63 and 23.51 micromol x L(-1), respectively. The structure-activity relationship of 5-substituted-2-(pyridyl)benzothiazole compounds were also discussed preliminarily.