Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated(HCN)channels are widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems.They can generate hyperpolarization-activated current(Ih)that regulates the resting membrane potential and excitability of neurons.Furthermore,it can affect the precise processing and con-duction of hearing,which plays a crucial role in the accurate analysis of temporal information.Therefore,through the review of HCN channel structure and distribution,as well as electrophysiological effects,the role and mecha-nism of HCN channels in the auditory pathways of the normal and unilateral or bilateral deafness patients will be fur-ther investigated.

Objective To analyze the medication law of Professor Yuan Jinsheng,a renowned TCM practitioner in China,for treating palpitations through data mining methods.Methods Clinical prescriptions for treating palpitations by Professor Yuan Jinsheng from January 2016 to May 2023 were collected.The prescriptions were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,a prescription compatibility network was constructed based on R Studio 4.3.1,and the medication law of prescriptions was analyzed.Results Totally 331 prescriptions were screened,involving 180 types of Chinese materia medica,with a total frequency of 3 625.The most frequently used drugs(≥30 times)were mainly tonics.The main properties were warm and neutral,the main tastes were sweet,bitter,and pungent,which belonged to heart,spleen and lung meridians.The top 5 drugs with high correlation were tonifying,blood circulation-activating and stasis-resolving,qi-regulating,and heat-clearing.Correlation analysis reveals high-frequency drugs,which were mainly Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Rehmannine Radix,Ophiopogonis Radix,Astragali Radix and Codonopsis Radix.The clustering analysis results showed that the efficacy was mainly tonifying deficiency,regulating qi,activating blood circulation,and resolving stasis.Conclusion Professor Yuan Jinsheng's prescription compatibility for treating palpitations primarily focuses on tonics,qi-regulating,and blood circulation-activating and stasis-resolving herbs,embodying the principles of treating palpitations from the perspective of the heart and spleen and the combined use of multiple organs.

Chinese medicinal materials are the basis for the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine,as well as strategic resources related to the national economy and people's livelihood.In 2015,12 departments,including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,jointly formulated the Plan for the Protection and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2015-2020)(hereinafter referred to as the Plan),focusing on seven major construction tasks for the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine.Through the summary and evaluation of the Plan,it can be seen that the overall development goals and 7 specific indicators have been achieved by 2020.It has been focused on solving the problems of the loss and depletion of some wild Chinese medicinal materials resources and the shortage of Chinese medicinal materials supply.Promoting to alleviate the problems,including the abuse of chemical fertilizers,pesticides,and growth regulators.The extensive production and management of Chinese medicinal materials,as well as the poor exchange of supply and demand information were effectively improved.On the whole,the development and protection of Chinese medicinal materials were promoted.Moreover,the dependence on wild Chinese medicinal materials was reduced through scientific development of Chinese medicinal materials production.And the sustainable development of the Chinese medicinal materials industry was coordinated with the protection of the ecological environment.However,there were still some problems and deficiencies,such as a lack of accurate information guidance,an incomplete price formation mechanism,and an incomplete whole-process traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials.It is suggested that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,we should continuously strengthen the protection and sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine resources,and build a new development pattern for traditional Chinese medicine industry based on the new development concept and requirement.

Objective To explore the feasibility of quartz glass for radiotherapy dosimetry through the experimental study of the thermoluminescence characteristics of synthetic quartz glass. Methods The thermoluminescence glow curves of quartz glass under different annealing conditions were analyzed, the thermoluminescence characteristics of quartz glass were studied, and the measurement parameters were optimized. Using the Co-60 reference radiation field in the National Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, the quartz glass samples under different annealing conditions were irradiated following the dose levels of radiotherapy, i.e., 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.0 Gy, respectively. According to the relationship between the absorbed dose of quartz glass and the relative thermoluminescence signal intensity, the linearity and dispersion of the dose response of quartz glass were obtained, and the feasibility of quartz glass for radiotherapy dosimetry was analyzed. Results The linear correlation coefficient of dose response of quartz glass under annealing condition of 430℃ for 10 min was 0.9984, and the dose response dispersion was 0.97% at the absorbed dose of 2 Gy. The linear correlation coefficient of dose response of quartz glass under annealing condition of 600℃ for 1 h was 0.9911, and the dose response dispersion was 1.4% at the absorbed dose of 2 Gy. Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that quartz glass with annealing condition of 430℃ for 10 min has the potential to be used for radiotherapy dosimetry.

0bjective To study the angular dependence of optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD) with solid phantoms under SSDL radiation level ⁶⁰Co radiation field, and to discuss the possibility of OSLD in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and other rotating irradiation dose audit. Methods OSLDs were embedded in the two phantoms with the same size and material, respectively. The phantom 1 was set to make the first OSLD perpendicular to the beam, and the phantom 2 was set to make the second OSLD parallel to the beam. The OSLDs were irradiated at 8 angles: 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, −45°, −90, −135°. The counts of the OSLSs were read and the response of each angle which normalized to 0° were calculated. Results When the OSLDs are perpendicular to the beam, the angular response is between −6.76% ～ +1.5%, with the maximum angular dependence at 90° and −90°. When the OSLDs are parallel to the beam, the angular response is between −1.74%～+1.67%, below 2%. Conclusion It is better to correct the sensitivity of dosimeters by Element Correction Factors (ECF) for dose audit. Under the condition of rotating irradiation, OSLD shoud be set parallel to the beam, which can better reduce the influence of angular dependence and facilitate further application research of VMAT dose audit.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided great auricular nerve (GAN)block combined with general anesthesia for middle ear microsurgery in adult patients.Methods Sixty-four adult patients of both sexes,aged 18-60 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective middle ear microsurgery,were assigned into 2 groups (n =32 each) using a random number tabte:GAN block combined with general anesthesia group (group GANB+G) and general anesthesia group (group G).Patients received GAN block with 0.25％ ropivacaine 2 ml using ultrasoundguided in-plane technique before anesthesia induction in group GANB+G.Anesthesia induction and maintenance protocols (IV infusion of propofol and target-controlled infusion of remifentanil) were similar in two groups.Analgesia was performed with sufentanil,flurbiprofen axetil or parecoxib sodium after operation to maintain visual analog scale score ＜4 within 48 h after operation.The infusion duration and consumption of propofol and remifentanil,requirement for postoperative analgesia and occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded.Results Compared with group G,the consumption of remifentanil was significantly reduced,and the requirement for postoperative analgesia and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were decreased in group GANB + G (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided GAN block combined with general anesthesia provides better analgesic efficacy in the the perioperative period in adult patients undergoing middle ear microsurgery.

Theof(for short) was officially published as a standard of China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in 2015. From the purpose, methodology, scope, indication, recommended protocol, etc., this was explained to provide convenience for clinical use of acupuncturists. Thiswas developed based oncomprehensive search of literature regarding acupuncture for periarthritis of shoulder, the adoption of best evidence, expert experience, patient value across the world, methods of evidence quality and GRADE, references of clinical experience of famous acupuncturists in the ancient and modern time and expert consensus in the national level, which was hoped to provide solid evidence of acupuncture clinical treatment for periarthritis of shoulder to ensure the safety and effectiveness. In this, the stage-by-stage treatment principle of acupuncture for periarthritis of shoulder was recommended. In the acute stage, the treatment aim was to relieve the pain, and distal acupoints along the meridians were selected with strong stimulation; the local acupoints were combined. In the chronic stage and rehabilitation stage, the treatment aim was to improve the dysfunction of shoulder joint, and acupuncture treatment was based on syndrome differentiation of etiology and meridian; the local acupoints were mainly selected, combined with acupoints based on etiology and acupoints along meridians.

Objective To develop the method for testing the consistency of irradiation field produced by the active spot scanning proton and heavy ion accelerator.Methods Calibration of the EBT3 films were carried out with the calibrated ion beam to establish the dose calibration curve.According to the different proton and carbon ion energies (proton:94.29,150.68,212.62 McV;carbon ion:175.99,283.43,412.54 MeV/u),EBT3 films were located in the solid water phantoms in each therapy room,respectively.Finally,the irradiated EBT3 films were scanned and the radiation field size's deviation and flatness were analyzed.Results In different conditions,radiation field size's deviations were all less than 2 mm and the flatness parameters were all controlled below the 5％.Conclusions EBT3 films can be used to test the active spot scanning proton and heavy ion accelerator's radiation field uniformity.

Objective To explore the effects of L?type calcium channel (LTCC) α1C and β3 subunits on that magnesium inhibited thoracic aortic calcification induced by β?glycerophosphate (β?GP). Methods Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and aortic rings from rat aortic were cultured, then divided into control group, high phosphorus group (10 mmol/L β?GP), magnesium group (10 mmol/L β?GP+3 mmol/L MgSO4) and 2?APB (an inhibitor of magnesium transporter) group (10 mmol/L β?GP+3 mmol/L MgSO4+0.1 mmol/L 2?APB). Calcium deposition of VSMCs and aortic rings were respectively measured by alizarin red staining and Von Kossa staining, meanwhile the quantification of their calcium was tested by OCPC. The mRNA expressions of Runx2, LTCCα1C andβ3 in VSMCs were detected by RT?PCR, and their protein expressions were detected by Western blotting. Intracellular calcium ion of VSMCs was tested by fluorescence probe and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)activity was measured by ELISA. The Runx2 expression of aortic rings was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After VSMCs stimulated for 7 days, calcium, ALP, mRNA and protein expressions of LTCCα1C, LTCCβ3 and Runx2, and intracellular calcium ion in high phosphorus group were higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Moreover, calcium, ALP, mRNA and protein expressions of LTCCα1C, LTCCβ3 and Runx2, and intracellular calcium ion were decreased in magnesium group as compared with those in high phosphorus group (all P<0.05). In aortic rings, magnesium group had lower calcium and protein expression of Runx2 than high phosphorus group. No statistical difference between 2?APB group and high phosphorus group was observed in above indexes (all P>0.05). Conclusion Magnesium may down?regulate expressions of LTCCα1C andβ3 subunit, prevent calcium influx and then inhibit osteogenic differentiation so as to reduce β?glycerophosphate?induced VSMCs calcification.

Objective To study the quality testing of dose delivery system of the active spot scanning proton and heavy ion accelerator,in order to provide the reference for the quality control of related equipment.Methods In the four therapy rooms,both 0.6 cc chambers and Gafchromic EBT3 films were used,respectively,to test the accelerator for dose reproducibility,dose linearity,dose stability,depth dose distribution,beam scanning position deviation and radiation field uniformity in each therapy room.Results Dose reproducibility variation coefficients are all less than 1.5％,dose linearity's maximum deviations less than 2％,dose stability's deviations less than 2％,depth dose distribution stability within 2％,beam scanning position deviation less than 1 mm,consistency of irradiation field's deviation less than 2 mm,and flatness within ± 5％.Conclusions The indicators about quality testing for the active spot scanning proton and heavy ion accelerator are all in line with the requirements of IEC standards draft.