Humans ; Adolescent ; Acne Vulgaris/therapy* ; Skin Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Cognition ; China ; Skin

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of a 3D-printed intracranial pressure balancing device in preventing complications after suboccipital craniectomy (DC).Methods:This study is a retrospective cohort analysis. The clinical data of 35 patients who underwent DC at Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from September 2020 to September 2023 were reviewed. The cohort included 24 males and 11 females, with an age of (48.7±14.9) years (range:17 to 74 years). Nineteen patients (experimental group) received the intracranial pressure balancing device fixed to the bone defect site post-DC. This device was made using medical-grade dicyanamide resin and was three dimensional printed based on postoperative CT scans of the patients. The remaining 16 patients (control group) did not receive the intracranial pressure balancing device, while other treatments and procedures were consistent with the experimental group. Data were compared using the χ2 test or Fisher′s exact probability method. Results:Out of the 35 patients, 30 cases (85.7%) experienced complications following DC. Specific complications included cerebral infarction in 3 cases (8.6%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 1 case (2.9%), subdural effusion in 27 cases (77.1%) with a median onset of (8.8±6.5) days (range: 1 to 23 days), brain tissue protrusion in 15 cases (42.9%) with a median onset of ( M(IQR)) 7.0 (21.0) days (range:2 to 106 days), and hydrocephalus in 6 cases (17.14%) with a median onset of 34.5 (111.0) days (range: 22 to 136 days). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of complications(all P>0.05). However, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of subdural effusion in the experimental group prior to cranioplasty ( P=0.013). No significant differences were noted in mRS scores between the two groups after cranioplasty ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The intracranial pressure balancing device has the effect of prevention and treatment of subdural effusion. However, it did not significantly improve patient prognosis post-DC, warranting further investigation.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of a 3D-printed intracranial pressure balancing device in preventing complications after suboccipital craniectomy (DC).Methods:This study is a retrospective cohort analysis. The clinical data of 35 patients who underwent DC at Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from September 2020 to September 2023 were reviewed. The cohort included 24 males and 11 females, with an age of (48.7±14.9) years (range:17 to 74 years). Nineteen patients (experimental group) received the intracranial pressure balancing device fixed to the bone defect site post-DC. This device was made using medical-grade dicyanamide resin and was three dimensional printed based on postoperative CT scans of the patients. The remaining 16 patients (control group) did not receive the intracranial pressure balancing device, while other treatments and procedures were consistent with the experimental group. Data were compared using the χ2 test or Fisher′s exact probability method. Results:Out of the 35 patients, 30 cases (85.7%) experienced complications following DC. Specific complications included cerebral infarction in 3 cases (8.6%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 1 case (2.9%), subdural effusion in 27 cases (77.1%) with a median onset of (8.8±6.5) days (range: 1 to 23 days), brain tissue protrusion in 15 cases (42.9%) with a median onset of ( M(IQR)) 7.0 (21.0) days (range:2 to 106 days), and hydrocephalus in 6 cases (17.14%) with a median onset of 34.5 (111.0) days (range: 22 to 136 days). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of complications(all P>0.05). However, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of subdural effusion in the experimental group prior to cranioplasty ( P=0.013). No significant differences were noted in mRS scores between the two groups after cranioplasty ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The intracranial pressure balancing device has the effect of prevention and treatment of subdural effusion. However, it did not significantly improve patient prognosis post-DC, warranting further investigation.

Objective Polymorphic microsatellite markers developed for Apodemus peninsulae can enrich its genetic data and lay a foundation for genetic quality control and gene mapping.Methods Microsatellite loci were screened based on the genome sequence of Apodemus peninsulae,and microsatellite primers were identified.The genetic diversity of the population was analyzed by multiplex PCR.Results Thirty microsatellite markers were successfully developed and evaluated using 60 samples of Apodemus peninsulae.A total of 152 alleles were detected,with an average of 5.067 alleles per locus.The average observed heterozygosity was 0.592.The average Shannon index was 1.265.The average polymorphism information content was 0.598.Conclusions Based on the microsatellite loci developed in this study,the genetic diversity of Apodemus peninsulae can be effectively analyzed,laying a foundation for establishing genetic quality standards and detection method.

Objective:To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of topical compound oleum lithospermi in the treatment of mild to moderate diaper dermatitis.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, positive-drug parallel-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 19 hospitals from July 2019 to August 2020. Children aged 0 - 12 months with mild to moderate diaper dermatitis were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups using a random number table: test group topically treated with compound oleum lithospermi, and control group topically treated with zinc oxide cream. The treatment was carried out 6 - 8 times a day for 7 days. Visits were scheduled on days 0 and 7, and total response rate and clinical healing time were evaluated. Changes in the dermatitis family impact (DFI) score were compared between the test group and control group, and adverse events were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out by using independent-sample t test for normally distributed continuous data, Wilcoxon rank sum test for non-normally distributed continuous data, and chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test for unordered categorical data; survival curves were drawn, and log-rank test was used for comparisons between two groups. Results:A total of 343 children with diaper dermatitis were enrolled in this study. Among them, 31 children violated the protocol, so 312 were included in the per protocol set, including 157 in the test group and 155 in the control group, and all completed the visits on days 0 and 7. The total response rate was significantly higher in the test group (87.26%, 137/157) than in the control group (78.71%, 122/155; χ2 = 4.04, P = 0.044) . The clinical healing time was significantly shorter in the test group (5.33 days) than in the control group (6.13 days; χ2 = 4.67, P = 0.025) . After 7-day treatment, the DFI score significantly decreased in both the 2 groups compared with that before the treatment, but there was no significant difference in the DFI score between the 2 groups (test group: 4.02 ± 6.96, control group: 3.58 ± 5.90, Z = -0.39, P = 0.686) . The incidence of adverse events was 2.92% (5/171) and 5.45% (9/165) in the test group and control group respectively, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups ( χ2 = 0.03, P = 0.865) . Conclusion:Compound oleum lithospermi can markedly reduce the clinical severity of diaper dermatitis, improve the total response rate, shorten the clinical treatment period, and improve the quality of life of children′s families with a favorable safety profile.

Objective     To analyze the relationship between preoperative anemia and postoperative infection and death in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) after elective cardiac surgery. Methods     Medical records and follow-up data of 3 859 children with acyanotic CHD who underwent elective cardiac surgery in our hospital from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively collected, including 2 081 males and 1 778 females with a median age of 32.2 (13.7, 61.5) months. The relationship between preoperative anemia and postoperative infection and death within 90 days was analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results     Preoperative anemia was found in 325 (8.4%) patients. There were 716 (18.6%) patients of postoperative infection, including 281 (7.3%) patients of confirmed infection and 435 (11.3%) patients of suspected infection. Forty-six (1.2%) patients died within 90 days after the operation. Univariate analysis showed that age, infection history within 3 months before admission, degree of pulmonary hypertension, the risk adjustment in congenital heart surgery-1 (RACHS-1) score, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), disease diagnosis,  chromosome abnormality, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<55% and preoperative anemia were associated with postoperative infection. Age, degree of pulmonary hypertension, RACHS-1 score, CPB, disease diagnosis and preoperative LVEF<55% were associated with postoperative death within 90 days. Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative anemia was significantly associated with confirmed postoperative infection [OR=1.82, 95%CI (1.18, 2.82), P=0.007], suspected infection [OR=1.60, 95%CI (1.11, 2.30), P=0.012] and total infection [OR=1.64, 95%CI (1.20, 2.24), P=0.002]. The results of modified Poisson regression analysis showed that there was no significant association between preoperative anemia and death within 90 days after the surgery [RR=1.59, 95%CI (0.69, 3.69), P=0.276]. Conclusion     Preoperative anemia may be a risk factor for infection after elective cardiac surgery in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease.

Objective    To analyze the perdictive value of Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP) for malnutrition or postoperative complications in children with critical congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods    A total of 875 children with critical CHD who were hospitalized in West China Hospital, Sichuan University form August 2019 to February 2021, including 442 males and 433 females with a median age of 30 (12, 48) months, were assessed by STAMP in Health Information System. Clinical data of postoperative complications were collected. Results    (1) Based on World Health Organization Z-score as gold standard, 24.5% had malnutrition risk, and 34.3% were diagnosed with malnutrition. According to STAMP, the children were with medium malnutrition risk of 37.9% and high malnutrition risk of 62.1%. There was a statistical difference of incidence rate of malnutrition and detection rate of STAMP malnutrition risk in gender, age, ICU stay or length of mechanical ventilation (P<0.05); (2) with the optimal cut-off point of 5.5 in STAMP for malnutrition, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative  predictive value and area under the curve (AUC) were 68.3%, 84.3%, 48.1%, 88.3% and 0.82, respectively; (3) 12.0% of the children were with postoperative complications; (4) with the optimal cut-off point of 5.5 in STAMP for postoperative complications, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and AUC were 83.8%, 73.1%, 18.8%, 99.1% and 0.85, respectively. Conclusion    Children with critical CHD have a higher incidence of malnutrition risk and postoperative complications. STAMP has a good perdictive value for malnutrition or postoperative complications, however, the sensitivity and specificity of STAMP are affected by the gold standard or the cut-off point.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Shenfu injection in the treatment of patients with post - cardiac arrest syndrome(PCAS),to analyze the patients' blood C - reactive protein (CRP) and early mean arterial pressure. Methods From September 2013 to September 2016,80 patients with PCAS in the No. 98 Hospital of PLA were randomly divided into study group and control group according to the digital table,with 40 cases in each group. The study group was treated by Shenfu injection,the control group was treated by saline. The changes of CRP,mean arterial pressure and GCS score at 4h,12h,1d,2d and 3d after resuscitation and the 90d survival rate were observed. Results At 4h,12h,1d,2d and 3d after resuscitation,the peripheral blood CRP levels in the study group were (22. 01 ±2. 16)mg/ L,(34. 68 ± 4. 95)mg/ L,(62. 51 ± 3. 68)mg/ L,(98. 65 ± 6. 57)mg/ L,(100. 67 ± 10. 03)mg/ L, respectively,which in the control group were (25. 16 ± 3. 54)mg/ L,(41. 52 ± 5. 31)mg/ L,(75. 09 ± 4. 58)mg/ L, (120. 48 ± 10. 61)mg/ L,(128. 26 ± 9. 64)mg/ L,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t = 4. 804,5. 959,13. 542,11. 063,12. 543,all P < 0. 01). At 4h,12h,1d,2d and 3d after resuscita-tion,the mean arterial pressure in the study group were (78. 03 ± 8. 65)mmHg,(88. 34 ± 10. 20)mmHg,(97. 05 ± 9. 57)mmHg,(105. 29 ± 10. 45)mmHg,(112. 14 ± 9. 46) mmHg,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group [(68. 21 ± 8. 03)mmHg,(74. 01 ± 10. 59) mmHg,(83. 09 ± 11. 25) mmHg,(98. 25 ± 9. 17) mmHg, (104. 68 ± 3. 14)mmHg](t = 5. 262,6. 164,5. 978,3. 203,4. 733,all P < 0. 01). At 4h,12h,1d,2d and 3d after resuscitation,the GCS scores of the study group were (5. 21 ± 1. 12) points, (5. 78 ± 2. 05) points, (6. 85 ± 1. 68)points,(7. 91 ± 2. 57)points,(9. 98 ± 2. 07) points,respectively,which were higher than those of the control group [(4. 01 ± 2. 14) points, (4. 22 ± 3. 75) points, (4. 39 ± 3. 89) points, (4. 41 ± 2. 86) points, (5. 06 ± 4. 14)points](t = 3. 142,2. 309,3. 672,5. 757,6. 723,all P < 0. 05). The survival rate of the study group was 50％(20 / 40) at 90d after resuscitation,which was higher than that of the control group [23％ (9 / 40)](χ2 = 6. 545,P =0. 011). Conclusion Shenfu injection has protective effect on the function of patients with CRP after surgery,and can improve the prognosis of patients,it is worthy of clinical use.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of intervention and management of the patients with dyslipidemia in some districts in Shenzhen and provide health economic basis for prevention and control of dyslipidemia. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive community intervention among patients for dyslipidemia management, enrolling 204 cases of dyslipidemia in the intervention group and 200 cases in the control group through multi-stage cluster random sampling. We collected baseline and intervention data, such as the cost of institutional intervention (labor costs, office expenses, material expenses, loss of low-value consumables, service costs, and depreciation of fixed assets), patient costs (direct and indirect medical costs), effect indicators (lipid control rate, lipid improvement rate, and lipid exacerbation rate) to analyze cost-effectiveness. Results: After 12 months of the comprehensive community intervention, the total cost for the intervention group was 1 321.62 yuan per capita; the cost per patient was 973.33 yuan; and per capita institutional cost was 348.29 yuan. Total cholesterol, triglyceide, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of intervention group decreased by 0.43 mmol/L, 0.16 mmol/L, and 0.42 mmol/L, respectively, after the intervention, and there was a significant difference before and after the intervention (P<0.05). After intervention, the intervention group lipid control rate was 17.6%, the lipid improvement rate was 48.0%, and the lipid exacerbation rate was 7.4%, whereas those of the control group were 10.5%, 22.5%, and 16.0%, respectively. The lipid control rate and improvement rate in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, and the lipid exacerbation rate was lower than that of the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=43.774, P<0.001). Patients in the control group had a unit cost of 81.17 yuan for 1% of blood lipid control rate and 37.88 yuan for one unit of blood lipid improvement rate. The corresponding per capita cost of the intervention group was 74.87 yuan and 27.51 yuan, respectively. The intervention group's cost-effect ratio was lower than that of the control group and had good cost-effectiveness. Conclusions The comprehensive community intervention and management of patients with dyslipidemia was effective in terms of health economics and it is worth the long-term implementation and promotion in the community health service center.