ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy， safety， and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasound （EUS）-guided coil placement combined with tissue adhesive injection in the treatment of gastric varices with spontaneous shunt. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the patients with acute gastric variceal bleeding and spontaneous portosystemic shunt who were hospitalized and received balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration （BRTO） combined with endoscopic tissue adhesive injection or EUS-guided coil placement combined with tissue adhesive injection in Xiangyang Central Hospital from March 2019 to September 2022. The two surgical procedures were compared in terms of efficacy （technical success rate， 5-day rebleeding rate， 1-year rebleeding rate， and time to rebleeding）， safety （the incidence rate of ectopic embolism， the amount of tissue adhesive used， and the amount of lauromacrogol used）， and cost-effectiveness （hospital costs and length of hospital stay）. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the rebleeding. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsA total of 25 patients received successful EUS-guided coil placement and tissue adhesive injection， with a technical success rate of 100%， a median amount of 2.5 mL tissue adhesive used， a median amount of 11.0 mL lauromacrogol used， a mean length of hospital stay of 14.88±3.21 days， a mean hospital cost of 32 660.00±4 602.07 yuan， and a 5-day rebleeding rate of 0%； among these patients， 2 were lost to follow-up， and 23 patients with complete follow-up data had an incidence rate of ectopic embolism of 0% and a median time to rebleeding of 689 days. A total of 14 patients underwent modified BRTO combined with endoscopic tissue adhesive injection， with a technical success rate of 100%； a median amount of 5.0 mL tissue adhesive used during surgery， which was significantly higher than that used in EUS （U=39.000， P<0.001）； a median amount of 10.5 mL lauromacrogol used during surgery； a mean length of hospital stay of 15.38±4.94 days； a mean hospital cost of 57 583.47±18 955.40 yuan， which was significantly higher than that used in EUS （t=-6.310， P<0.001）； a 5-day rebleeding rate of 0%. No patient was lost to follow-up， and all 14 patients had an incidence rate of ectopic embolism of 0% and a median time to rebleeding of 244.50 days， with no significant difference between the two groups （χ²=1.448， P=0.229）. ConclusionEUS-guided coil placement combined with tissue adhesive injection is a relatively safe and effective technique for the treatment of gastric variceal bleeding and has a high technical success rate， a low incidence rate of serious adverse events， and similar efficacy to BRTO， with higher safety and cost-effectiveness.

Objective:Using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technology to study the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and related regulatory signaling pathways involved in H1N1 influenza virus infection in primary human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.Methods:Primary human RPE cells were infected with H1N1 influenza virus for 2 h or 12 h, respectively. Taking H1N1 uninfected cells as a control group, total RNA was extracted, a library was constructed, and transcriptome sequencing was performed. DEGs were screened by DESeq2 software, and DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway.Results:Compared with the control group, a total of 1830 DEGs were identified in the 2 h H1N1 influenza virus infection group, and 2847 DEGs were identified in the 12 h infection group; 1213 DEGs were identified in the H1N1 influenza virus infection kinetics process (2 h: 12 h). The GO functional annotation analysis of DEGs in the H1N1 influenza virus infection group for 12 h showed that DEGs widely exist in a variety of cellular components and participate in various biological processes such as cellular processes, biological regulation, and metabolic processes. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, cancer MicroRNAs, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions in the 2 h H1N1 influenza virus infection group; in the 12 h H1N1 influenza virus infection group, DEGs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cancer MicroRNAs, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and immune-inflammatory pathways; during the kinetics of H1N1 influenza virus infection (2 h: 12 h), DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TGF-β signaling pathway.Conclusions:Infection with H1N1 influenza virus leads to significant changes in the transcriptome of RPE cells. These data provide scientific reference for elucidating the molecular mechanism of eye infection by respiratory viruses such as influenza virus.

Objective: To investigate the association between the family relationship of college students in Shanghai and the psychological stress response under the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: Totally 904 college students from universities in Shanghai were investigated with questionnaire of FACESII-CV and IES-R. Results: The score of family relationship intimacy was(61.32±6.29), the score of family relationship adaptability was(43.30±5.83), the score of psychological stress was(30.77±7.33), the score of internal dimension，avoidance, high alertness were(11.63±2.53)(11.69±2.64)(7.45±2.33). About 77.5%(701) and 17.3%(156) of college students showed mild and moderate stress reactions. Three dimensional scores of psychological stress response and two dimensional scores of family relationship differed significantly by age, grade, family income and parental education(P<0.01). Moreover, family relationship intimacy and adaptability scores showed negative associations with intrusive symptoms, avoidance symptoms, and high alert symptom dimension scores(P<0.05). Conclusion College students showed mild psychological stress under the COVID 19 epidemic with intrusion and avoidance symptoms as the most common. The intimacy and adaptability of family relationships are negatively associated with psychological stress response of college students under the epidemic. High-quality family relationships can reduce the psychological impact and adverse effects of the new crown epidemic on college students.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and etiology in young adults with ischemic stroke.Methods From June 2014 to June 2017,consecutive patients with first-ever ischemic stroke aged from 18 to 45 years and admitted to the Department of Neurology,the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu were collected retrospectively.The demographic data,vascular risk factors,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score,location of infarction,and etiological subtypes were documented.They were divided into either a male group or a female group according to the gender,and they were divided into 2 age groups of 18-35 years and 36-45 years.Results A total of 103 young adults with ischemic stroke were enrolled during the study.Among them,the proportion of men was higher than that of women (73.8％ vs.26.2％).The most common 5 risk factors were smoking,abnormal lipid metabolism,drinking alcohol,hypertension,and large atherosclerosis,respectively.The proportions of abnormal glucose metabolism (37.2％ vs.11.8％),hypertension (46.5％ vs.11.8％),and large artery atherosclerosis (37.2％ vs.11.8％) in the age group of 36-45 years were significantly higher than those in the age group of 18-35 years (all P＜0.05).The proportions of smoking (67.1％ vs.14.8％) and drinking alcohol (51.3％ vs.18.5％) in the male group were significantly higher than those in the female group (all P＜ 0.05).In the etiological aspect,the proportion of cryptogenic stroke in the age group of 18-35 years was significantly higher than that in the age group of 36-45 years (47.1％ vs.15.1％;P=0.006),while the proportion of the large artery atherosclerotic stroke was significantly lower than that in the age group of 36-45 years (11.8％vs.41.9％;P =0.019).There were no significant differences in the etiological subtypes between different sex groups.Conclusion The distribution of risk factors and etiological subtypes in young patients with ischemic stroke have some differences in different gender and age groups.Some common modifiable risk factors (such as smoking,drinking,abnormal lipid metabolism,etc.) still account for a higher proportion in young adults with ischemic stroke.

Objective To evaluate the role of the angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor (AT2R) in repeated propofol anesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia of newborn rats.Methods Fiftyfour pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 10-15 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),repeated propofol anesthesia group (group P) and AT2R agonist CGP42112A group (group G).In group C,0.9％ sodium chloride injection 3 ml/kg was intraperitoneally injected,and half of the initial dose 1.5 ml/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.In group P,propofol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected,and half of the initial dose 15 mg/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.In group G,CGP42112A 1 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected,propofol 30 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected 5 min later,and half of the initial dose of propofol 15 mg/kg was given every 20 min for 5 times in total,lasting for 3 consecutive days.Six rats were sacrificed at 2 h after emergence from anesthesia,and brains were removed for detection of neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia by TUNEL assay.The apoptosis index was calculated.Another 6 rats were sacrificed,and the basal ganglia were isolated from brains to detect the expression of activated caspase-3,AT2R and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (by Western blot) and the expression of AT2R and PPARγ mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction).The other 6 rats were fed until 28 days old,and the cognitive function was then assessed using Morris water maze test.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the target quadrant was shortened,the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased,the apoptosis index of the basal ganglia was increased,the expression of activated caspase-3 was up-regulated,and the expression of AT2R and PPARγprotein and mRNA was down-regulated in group P (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group G (P＞0.05).Compared with group P,the escape latency was significantly shortened,the time of staying at the target quadrant was prolonged,the frequency of crossing the platform was increased,the apoptosis index of the basal ganglia was decreased,the expression of activated caspase-3 was down-regulated,and the expression of AT2R and PPARγ protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group G (P＜0.05).Conclusion Inhibited activation of AT2R is involved in repeated propofol anesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis in the basal ganglia of newborn rats.

Objective To investigate if anesthetic sensitivity to propofol will be restored after biliary decompression.Methods Twenty-four adult male SD rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups:sham group (group S),irreversible obstructive jaundice group (group Ⅰ) and reversible obstructive jaundice group (group R).The serum total bilirubin (TBL) and total bile acid (TBA) concentratins were detected in the rat blood samples collected from the caudal vein before and after the operation,3,7,14,21 d respectively.Propofol was administered to measure the time of loss of righting reflex and recovery pre or 7th and 21th day post ligation.Results Serum TBL and TBA in group Ⅰ and serum TBA in group R were significantly higher than that in group S on 3rd,7th,14th,21th day post surgery(P＜0.05).Compared with group S,seum TBL in group R were significantly high on 3rd,7th,14th day post-surgery.Serm TBL and TBA in group R were significantly lower than group Ⅰ on 14th,21th day post-surgery (P＜0.05).Compared with group S,the time to loss of righting reflex in group I and group R were significantly shortened and the time to recovery were significantly increased on 7th day post-surgery (P＜0.05).Conclusion Obstructive jaundice could significantly potentiate the ability of propofol to induce a loss of righting reflex,and the increased anesthesia sensitivity will be restored after biliary decompression.

Objective To explore the abnormally functional brain regions of female patients with depression by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI),and analyze the correlation with the severity of depressive symptoms.Methods 32 female patients diagnosed with depressive disorder and 40 matched healthy controls completed resting state fMRI scans.The whole brain's regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF) were calculated,and the correlation analysis be tween ReHo and ALFF of brain regions with significant difference and the severity of depressive symptoms was conducted.Results Compared with control group,the left precuneus/left cuneus (MNI:-18,-81,45),bilateral precentral gyrus (MNI:-58,-5,35 and 57,-6,33),left inferior parietal lobule (MNI:-42,-36,45) and right inferior temporal gyrus(MN1:60,-45,-18) (P＜0.05,corrected by AlphaSim)in the case group showed significantly decreased ReHo,with statistical significance.Compared with control group,the left cuneus(MNI:-3,-87,30),right inferior temporal gyrus(MNI:60,-48,-18) and left precentral gyrus(MNI:-63,-3,26) (P＜0.05,corrected by AlphasSim)in the case group showed significantly decreased ALFF.The ReHo in the right inferior temporal gyrus was negative correlated with the HAMD-17 total score and retarda tion factor(r=-0.484,P=0.017;r=-0.408,P=0.048),the ALFF in the right inferior temporal gyrus was positively correlated with weight factor(r=0.574,P=0.003),and negative correlated with the number of depressive episodes(r=-0.416,P=0.043).Conclusion Female with depression in resting state have several abnormally functional brain regions and the extent of damage is correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms.Combination of the two parameters may yield a more comprehensive pathophy-siological mechanism for depressive disorder.

Objective To establish the quality standard of Qingshen Granules. Methods Thin-layer chrmatography was used to identify Rheum officinale Baill., Hedyotis Diffusa Wild. and Coptis chinensis Franch.. The contents of rhein, emodin and chrysophanol were determined by HPLC. The HPLC consisted of Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), methanol-0.1% phosphonic acid (70∶30) as mobile phase, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength at 245 nm, and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Results The results of TLC showed that relevant spots were clear without interference against the negative sample. The calibration curves for rhein, emodin and chrysophanol were found to be linear within the range of 0.003 3-0.42 μg (r =0.999 9), 0.008 0-0.51 μg (r=1.000 0), 0.009 9-0.32 μg (r=1.000 0), respectively. The average recoveries were 98.84%, 99.04% and 100.35% with RSD of 1.30% (n=6), 1.34% (n=6) and 1.89% (n=6), respectively. Conclusion The methods are accurate and quick in qualitative identification and quantitative assay, and can be used for the quality control of Qingshen Granules.

Angiogenesis, a process by which the preexisting blood vasculature gives rise to new capillary vessels, is associated with a variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this important process remains poorly understood. Here we show that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a microtubule-associated enzyme critical for cell motility, contributes to angiogenesis by regulating the polarization and migration of vascular endothelial cells. Inhibition of HDAC6 activity impairs the formation of new blood vessels in chick embryos and in angioreactors implanted in mice. The requirement for HDAC6 in angiogenesis is corroborated in vitro by analysis of endothelial tube formation and capillary sprouting. Our data further show that HDAC6 stimulates membrane ruffling at the leading edge to promote cell polarization. In addition, microtubule end binding protein 1 (EB1) is important for HDAC6 to exert its activity towards the migration of endothelial cells and generation of capillary-like structures. These results thus identify HDAC6 as a novel player in the angiogenic process and offer novel insights into the molecular mechanism governing endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis.
Anilides ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Movement ; Cell Polarity ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Histone Deacetylase 6 ; Histone Deacetylases ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic

Objective To summarise the perioperative features of orthotopic liver transplantations(OLTs) in miniature porcine,to establish mature、stable OLT models.Methods In order to observe hemodynamics and blood changes and improved perioperative management and summarise the perioperative characteristics,8 preliminary experiments(group A) and 18 experiments(group B) of OLTs were performed without veno-venous bypass(VVB) in Chinese inbred miniature porcine.Results The mean operation time was(179.6?14.3)min in our 18 OLTs,and the mean anhepatic phase time was(27.3?3.4)min.Dramatic hemodynamic and metabolic changes were identified during anhepatic phase.The oneweek survival rate was 88.9% in group B,but all the 8 pigs in group A died.The experiment group pigs urinated after 3～5hours and had normal diet after 3days.Conclusions Decreasing the operation time and stability of hemodynamics in anhepatic phase are the keys for success in OLTs without VVB.