ObjectiveTo analyze the association between alcohol dependence and overweight and obesity among high school students. MethodsThis study adopted stratified cluster sampling method. Four high schools （one vocational high school included） were selected as the research sites. We used self-designed questionnaires to investigate the drinking behavior of high school students. This study used propensity score matching method to control confounding factors （e.g gender， school type， etc.）. Then we compared the differences in drinking behavior between obese/overweight group and normal weight group after matching， and used a multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between drinking behavior and overweight and obesity. ResultsA total of 811 high school students participated in the survey. 60 people were excluded due to mild and moderate weight loss， and 751 people were normal or obese/overweight. After 1：1 propensity score matching， there were 217 people each in obese/overweight group and normal group. The characteristics of gender， school type， grade and family economic level of the two groups were balanced after matching. The difference was statistically significant （P<0.05） between obese/overweight and normal group in the following： drinking of alcohol at high school， alcohol dependence， the maximum drinks at one time， drinking of alcohol at family gatherings， whether bought alcohol for others， whether their family members recommended drinking， whether they have tried to quit drinking in the past year， and the time of blush after drinking. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the degree of alcohol dependence （the alcohol use disorder score ≥ 8） was a risk factor for overweight and obesity （OR=3.600， 95%CI： 1.244‒10.424）. Besides， having bought alcohol for others and family members advising alcohol consumption were suggested to be protective factors for overweight and obesity （OR=0.525， 95%CI： 0.309‒0.890 and OR=0.377， 95%CI： 0.222‒0.641）. ConclusionHigh school students who have alcohol dependence suffer a higher risk of obesity/overweight， while high school students who may have drinking behaviors but do not have alcohol dependence have a lower risk of obesity/overweight. It is critical to guide young people on drinking in terms of health.

Objective:To evaluate early weight-bearing walking with inflatable boots after repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture based on the concept of rapid rehabilitation.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 69 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Fuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from April 2020 to July 2021. There were 56 males and 13 females with a mean age of 37.0(31.0, 47.0) years and a body mass index of (23.7±2.6) kg/m 2. There were 55 cases of closed injury and 14 cases of open injury; 62 cases had simple Achilles tendon injury and 7 cases were complicated with neurovascular tendon injury. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their rehabilitation methods. The treatment group of 23 cases was subjected to weight-bearing walking with inflatable boots early after repair while the control group of 46 cases to traditional plaster bracket fixation for 4 weeks before weight-bearing walking with inflatable boots. The 2 groups were compared in terms of hospitalization time, wound infection rate, return to sports time, single heel lifting time, Achilles tendon re-rupture rate, Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment (VISA-A), Achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS), and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score (AOFAS-AH). Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for 11 (10, 11) months after surgery. In the treatment group, the hospitalization time [4 (3, 5) days] and single heel lifting time [(12.5±1.4) weeks] were significantly shorter than those in the control group [6 (5, 9) days and (17.0±1.5) weeks], the return to sports time [21 (20, 22) months] was significantly earlier than that in the control group [23 (22, 24) months], and the VISA-A score [(89.4±1.3) points] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(78.5±1.7) points] ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the wound infection rate between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). At 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively, the treatment group had significantly higher ATRS scores [(85.5±1.4) and (89.0±1.6) points] and AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores [(89.0±1.7) and (92.0±1.5) points] than the control group [(79.3±1.8) and (87.0±1.3) points; (80.2±1.9) and (88.4±1.9) points] (all P<0.05). In all patients, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score at 6 months postoperatively was significantly higher than that at 3 months postoperatively ( P<0.05). Achilles tendon re-rupture occurred in none of the patients. Conclusion:After repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture, compared with traditional plaster bracket fixation, early weight-bearing walking with inflatable boots can lead to better short-term clinical outcomes to enhance recovery after surgery without increasing the rate of open wound infection or re-rupture.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between alcohol related knowledge, attitude,practice and alcohol use disorder among high school students, and to provide reference for alcohol abuse intervention. Methods: The study adopted stratified cluster sampling. A total of 811 high school students from 4 high schools in Changning District were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on alcohol related knowledge, attitude,practice and alcohol dependence. The software SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: There were 279 (34.4%) high school students with mild alcohol use disorder and 29 (3.6%) with severe alcohol use disorder. The average score of high school students alcohol related knowledge, attitude,practice scores were (9.56±3.55) ( 4.96± 2.36) and (2.81±1.29),respectively. High school students alcohol related knowledge, attitude,practice were negatively correlated with alcohol use disorder score ( r =-0.10, -0.39, -0.71, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that the total score of alcohol related KAP ( OR=0.86, 95%CI =0.83-0.89) and the family economic level (high level: OR=2.05, 95%CI =1.26-3.32) were positively associated with mild alcohol use disorder. The total score of alcohol related KAP ( OR=0.76, 95%CI =0.70-0.83) and school type ( OR=3.72, 95%CI =1.51-9.18) were positively associated with severe alcohol use disorder ( P <0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between low alcohol related KAP and alcohol use disorder, alcohol related health education should be strengthened, especially among vocational school students and students from high family economic level.

ObjectiveTo investigate the alcohol drinking among high school students， determine the possible influencing factors， and provide scientific evidence for effective control of alcohol drinking among high school students. MethodsThis study adopted stratified cluster sampling and included 4 high schools in Changning District （including one vocational high school）. Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate alcohol drinking related knowledge and behavior among high school students. The questionnaire included demographics， alcohol drinking frequency and scenarios. SPSS 20.0 was used for Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. ResultsThere were 811 high school students included in this study. The proportion of ever alcohol drinking was determined to be 48.09% （n=390） among students. Furthermore， 36.13% （n=293） reported alcohol drinking in the past year， and 14.80% （n=120） reported drinking in the past month. The proportion of excessive alcohol drinking was 8.26% （n=67） and that of alcohol dependence was 3.58% （n=29）. Moreover， the proportion of Chinese Baijiu （Chinese liquor） drinking in the past month was significantly higher than that in the past year （P<0.05）. In contrast， the proportions of wine and rice wine drinking in the past month was significantly lower than those in the past year （P<0.05）. The logistic regression model suggested no alcohol drinking in the past 30 days， parents disagreeing to their children’s drinking， some of friends having alcohol drinking， higher frequency of attending friend gatherings， and smoking were significantly associated with alcohol drinking among the students. ConclusionAlcohol drinking is moderately prevalent among high school students. Possible influencing factors may be correlated to their parents and friends. It warrants targeted intervention measures to prevent and control the early alcohol drinking among adolescents to avert alcohol dependence.

To investigate the temporal trend of antibiotic use among children in Shanghai from 2017 to 2020. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to establish a dynamic cohort of healthy children based on primary schools in Changning District, Shanghai. In the cohort, there were 282 children from 2017, 287 children from 2018, 294 from 2019 and 301 from 2020. A total of 700 children aged 7-11 years were included in the study. The basic information and antibiotic use of children were investigated by questionnaire every year, and their height and weight were measured at the same time. Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of antibiotic use rate in each year and generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the temporal trend of antibiotic use. The results showed that the use rates of all antibiotics, cephalosporins, azithromycin and other antibiotics (including penicillin, lincomycin, quinolones, etc.) of children between 2017 and 2020 were 15.6%, 10.5%, 2.7%, and 2.4%, respectively. In 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, there were significant differences for the use rates of total antibiotics and other antibiotics in children ( P=0.033, P=0.040), and there were no significant differences for the use rates of cephalosporins and azithromycin ( P=0.274, P=0.455). After adjusting for children′s basic characteristics, the generalized estimation equation showed that the annual use rate of all antibiotics, cephalosporins, and other antibiotics decreased over time.

To investigate the temporal trend of antibiotic use among children in Shanghai from 2017 to 2020. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to establish a dynamic cohort of healthy children based on primary schools in Changning District, Shanghai. In the cohort, there were 282 children from 2017, 287 children from 2018, 294 from 2019 and 301 from 2020. A total of 700 children aged 7-11 years were included in the study. The basic information and antibiotic use of children were investigated by questionnaire every year, and their height and weight were measured at the same time. Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of antibiotic use rate in each year and generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the temporal trend of antibiotic use. The results showed that the use rates of all antibiotics, cephalosporins, azithromycin and other antibiotics (including penicillin, lincomycin, quinolones, etc.) of children between 2017 and 2020 were 15.6%, 10.5%, 2.7%, and 2.4%, respectively. In 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, there were significant differences for the use rates of total antibiotics and other antibiotics in children ( P=0.033, P=0.040), and there were no significant differences for the use rates of cephalosporins and azithromycin ( P=0.274, P=0.455). After adjusting for children′s basic characteristics, the generalized estimation equation showed that the annual use rate of all antibiotics, cephalosporins, and other antibiotics decreased over time.

Objective:To construct a systematic identification system of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma, and to evaluate the comprehensive quality of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma from 16 regions in China, so as to lay a foundation for its origin selection and clinical medication safety. Method:The authenticity of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma was quickly identified by traditional identification method and DNA barcode molecular identification technology, and HPLC-UV was used to determine the contents of 5 active ingredients in Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma. All high pressure chromatographic separations were performed with a Welch Ultimate XB-C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.01% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (30∶70) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm and the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. Result:The authenticity of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma could be precisely and rapidly identified by ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence and traditional identification methods. BLAST comparative analysis found that medicinal materials from 16 areas were all Anemone flaccida. Based on the contents of multi-index components, it was shown that the total content of 5 triterpenoid saponins in Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma from Banqiao, Enshi, Hubei was the highest (10.59%), followed by Hezhang, Bijie, Guizhou (6.28%) and Duzhenwan, Changyang, Hubei (5.64%). Conclusion:DNA barcoding can be used as an effective supplement to the traditional identification technology, it can ensure the authenticity of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma and the safety of clinical use. The comprehensive evaluation of multi-index components of HPLC and cluster analysis show that the quality of medicinal materials in Enshi, Changyang, Wufeng of Hubei, Bijie of Guizhou and Jinfoshan of Chongqing is superior, which can be considered as important origin of Anemonis Flaccidae Rhizoma.