Objective : To explore the mechanism of isorhamnetin (Iso) in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using network pharmacology and molecular docking methods and to verify it in vitro. Methods : The key targets were obtained by constructing the PPI protein interaction network based on the common intersection targets of Iso-OSCC. At the same time, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the related signaling pathways of the intersection targets. Iso and core targets were also analyzed through molecular docking and visualization. Colony formation assay and Transwell assay were used to identify the effect of Iso on the proliferation and invasion of Cal-27 cells. Western blot was used to analyze the regulatory effects of different concentrations of Iso on estrogen receptor-1 (ESR1), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit-1 (PIK3R1), Src tyrosine kinase (SRC), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway proteins. Results: A total of 269 potential intersection targets of Iso-regulated OSCC were obtained. According to the degree obtained by topological analysis, PIK3R1, AKT1, SRC, ESR1, and other core targets were screened out. KEGG analysis showed that 165 signaling pathways were enriched in the intersection targets of Iso-OSCC, among which the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway played an important role in the treatment of OSCC with Iso. Molecular docking results showed that the absolute value of binding energy between target proteins PIK3R1, AKT1, SRC, ESR1, and Iso was high. After Cal-27 cells were treated with Iso, the number of cell colony formations, the number of transmembrane cells, and the expression of PIK3R1, ESR1, SRC, p-PI3K, and p-AKT were negatively correlated with the increase in Iso concentration (P < 0.05). Conclusion Iso can inhibit PI3K/AKT signal transduction and influence the expression of PIK3R1, AKT1, SRC, and ESR1 proteins, thereby inhibiting the occurrence and development of OSCC.

OBJECTIVE To explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 3 blood-absorbed components of Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid in rats with hyperplasia of mammary gland （HMG）. METHODS Female SD rats were divided into control group and HMG group according to body weight， with 6 rats in each group. The HMG group was given estrogen+progesterone to construct HMG model. After modeling， two groups were given 1.485 g/kg of Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid （calculated by crude drug） intragastrically， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected before the first administration （0 h）， and at 5， 15， 30 minutes and 1， 2， 4， 8， 12， 24 hours after the last administration， respectively. Using chlorzoxazone as the internal standard， the plasma concentrations of ferulic acid， paeoniflorin and rosmarinic acid in rats were detected by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters [area under the drug time curve （AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞）， mean residence time （MRT0－∞）， half-life （t1/2）， peak time （tmax）， peak concentration （cmax）] were calculated by the non-atrioventricular model using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.1 software. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞ and cmax of ferulic acid in the HMG group were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the AUC0－24 h， AUC0－∞ ， MRT0－∞ ， t1/2 and cmax of paeoniflorin increased， but there was no significant difference between 2 groups （P＞0.05）； the AUC0－24 h and MRT0-∞ of rosmarinic acid were significantly increased or prolonged （P＜0.05）. C ONCLUSIONS In HMG model rats， the exposure of ferulic acid， paeoniflorin and rosmarinic acid in Xiangshao sanjie oral liquid all increase， and the retention time of rosmarinic acid is significantly prolonged.

ObjectiveWith the development of society and the increasing demand for pregnancy at an advanced age， diminished ovarian reserve （DOR） has attracted wider attention. This disease affects the normal menstruation of women and poses a threat to their mental health. Current research on DOR is still in the initial stage， and advancing research progress in DOR necessitates the construction of effective and clinically relevant animal models. Building on existing literature and integrating the diagnosis criteria of DOR in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and Western medicine， this study summarized， analyzed， and evaluated existing models， providing a reference for optimizing DOR animal models. MethodsA retrospective analysis of literature on DOR-related animal models was conducted， and the diagnostic criteria of DOR in TCM and Western medicine were sorted out. By means of evaluation methods of animal models， the clinical relevance of each model to TCM and Western medicine was assessed. ResultsDOR animal models included those based on natural factors， iatrogenic factors， immune factors， metabolic factors， and environmental factors. Among them， the model based on iatrogenic factors， especially models induced by Tripterygium wilfordii preparations， cyclophosphamide， and cisplatin， had a high degree of relevance to both Western medical diseases and TCM syndromes and was confirmed as the optimal modeling method for studying DOR at present. ConclusionThe existing DOR modeling methods mostly have a high degree of clinical relevance to Western medical diseases， while the number of DOR animal models with clear TCM syndromes is very limited. TCM plays an indispensable role in exploring DOR treatment methods. Therefore， the development of DOR animal models related to TCM syndromes should be strengthened， further exploring the potential of TCM and providing strong theoretical support for the application of TCM in DOR treatment.

BackgroundDepression has become a public health concern that affects the physical and mental health of college students. acute stress response is a risk factor of depression. Exploring the relationship and mechanism between acute stress response and depression is of great significance for preventing and intervening depression in college students. ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between acute stress response and depression among college students， and to analyze the mediating role of rumination and the moderated effect of perceived social support， so as to provide references for the prevention and intervention of depression in college student . MethodsFrom March to April 2020， a cluster sampling method was employed to select 1 355 college students from three universities in Hubei， Jiangxi and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Participants were assessed with Acute Stress Disorder Scale （ASDS）， Ruminative Responses Scale （RRS）， Brief form of Perceived Social Support Questionnaire （F-SozU） and Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale. The mediating role of rumination between acute stress response and depression and the moderated role of perceived social support were examined respectively by using Model 4 and Model 14 in Macro Program Process 3.3. ResultsA total of 1 303 valid questionnaires were collected， yielding a valid response rate of 96.16%. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that ASDS score was positively correlated with RRS score and PHQ-9 score （r=0.649， 0.528， P<0.01） among college students. The mediation analysis results demonstrated that rumination played a partial mediating role between acute stress response and depression， with the mediating effect value of 0.273 （95% CI：0.222~0.328）， accounting for 68.59% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderated role in the latter path of the mediation model （rumination → depression） （β=-0.004， 95% CI： -0.017~-0.004， P<0.01）. ConclusionRumination played a partial mediating role between acute stress response and depression in college students， and perceptive social support played a moderated role between rumination and depression. ［Funded by Scientific Research Fund Project of Education Department of Yunnan Province （number， 2025J0437）］

ObjectiveTo compare the hepatic bile acid profile between a mouse model of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis （MASH） induced by a high-fat， high-sugar， and high-cholesterol diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of 10% carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄） and MASH cases in clinical practice， and to investigate the feasibility of this model in studying drug interventions on bile acid profile in MASH. MethodsA total of 30 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group and model group， with 15 mice in each group. The mice in the control group were given normal diet and drinking water and weekly injections of olive oil， and those in the model group were given a high-fat， high-sugar， and high-cholesterol diet， high-sugar drinking water， and weekly injections of CCl₄+olive oil. At the end of weeks 8， 12， and 16， 5 mice were selected from each group to collect samples. Behavioral assessments were performed， and body weight and liver wet weight were measured； liver pathology and lipid deposition were evaluated by HE staining， SAF scoring， oil Red O staining， the semi-quantitative analysis of stained area， the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and liver triglyceride （TG） content； Sirius Red staining was performed for liver tissue to assess liver fibrosis； ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and targeted metabolomics were used to measure the hepatic bile acid profile， including cholic acid （CA）， glycocholic acid （GCA）， chenodeoxycholic acid （CDCA）， glycochenodeoxycholic acid （GCDCA）， ursodeoxycholic acid （UDCA）， tauroursodeoxycholic acid （TUDCA）， hyodeoxycholic acid （HDCA）， and glycodeoxycholic acid （GDCA）. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. ResultsCompared with the control group at the same time point， the model group had disheveled and dull fur， reduced activity， and relatively slow reactions at weeks 8， 12， and 16， as well as significant increases in liver wet weight （P<0.05）， the serum level of ALT （P<0.05）， the content of TG in the liver （P<0.05）， and SAF score （P<0.05）. As for the differentially expressed bile acids in liver tissue， compared with the control group at week 8， the model group had significantly higher levels of CA and CDCA and significantly lower levels of UDCA， TUDCA， HDCA， and GDCA （all P<0.05）； compared with the control group at week 12， the model group had significantly higher levels of CA， GCA， CDCA， and GCDCA and significantly lower levels of UDCA and HDCA （all P<0.05）； compared with the control group at week 16， the model group had significantly higher levels of CA， GCA， CDCA， GCDCA， and TUDCA and significantly lower levels of UDCA， HDCA， and GDCA （all P<0.05）. As for the differentially expressed bile acids in the bile acid pool of liver tissue， compared with the control group at week 8， the model group had significantly higher levels of CA and CDCA and significantly lower levels of UDCA， TUDCA， GDCA， and HDCA （all P<0.05）； compared with the control group at weeks 12 and 16， the model group had significantly higher levels of GCA and GCDCA and significantly lower levels of UDCA， GDCA， and HDCA （all P<0.05）. ConclusionThere are significant changes in the hepatic bile acid profile in a mouse model of MASH induced by a high-fat， high-sugar， and high-cholesterol diet combined with CCl₄， which are similar to the changes in bile acids in MASH cases in clinical practice， suggesting that this model can be used to explore the interventional effect of drugs on the bile acid profile in MASH.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical efficacy of integrating pharmacists into family health teams （FHTs） for long-term medication therapeutical management （MTM） in stroke patients， and empirically evaluate the service model. METHODS A pharmacist team， jointly established by clinical and community pharmacists from the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University （hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”）， developed a pharmacist-supported MTM model integrated into FHTs. Using a prospective randomized controlled design， 170 stroke patients discharged from our hospital （July 2022-December 2023） and enrolled in FHTs at Suzhou Runda Community Hospital were randomly divided into trial group （88 cases） and control group （82 cases） according to random number table. The control group received routine FHTs care （without pharmacist involvement in the team collaboration）， while the trial group xhz8405@126.com received 12-month MTM services supported by pharmacists via an information platform. These services specifically included innovative interventions such as personalized medication regimen optimization based on the MTM framework， dynamic medication adherence management， medication safety monitoring， a home medication assessment system， and distinctive service offerings. Outcomes of the 2 grousp were compared before and after intervention， involving medication adherence （adherence rate， adherence score）， compliance rates for stroke recurrence risk factors [blood pressure， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）]， and incidence of adverse drug reactions （ADR）. RESULTS After 12 months， the trial group exhibited significantly higher medication adherence rates， improved adherence scores， higher compliance rates for blood pressure and LDL-C targets compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of ADR in the trial group （4.55%） was significantly lower than that in the control group （8.11%）， though the difference was not statistically significant （P＞ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist involvement in FHTs to deliver MTM services significantly enhances medication adherence and optimizes risk factor for stroke recurrence， offering practical evidence for advancing pharmaceutical care in chronic disease management under the family doctor system.

ObjectiveBy exploring the influencing factors of readmission in patients with stable angina of coronary heart disease （CHD） based on real-world clinical data， to establish a risk prediction model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine， in order to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk populations and reducing readmission rates. MethodsA prospective clinical study was conducted involving patients with stable angina pectoris of CHD， who were divided into a training set and a validation set at a 7∶3 ratio. General information， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）-related data， and laboratory test results were uniformly collected. After a one-year follow-up， patients were classified into a readmission group and a non-readmission group based on whether they were readmitted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for readmission. A risk prediction model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was constructed and visualized using a nomogram. The model was validated and evaluated in terms of discrimination， calibration， and clinical decision curve analysis. ResultsA total of 682 patients were included， with 477 in the training set and 205 in the validation set， among whom 89 patients were readmitted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified heart failure history ［OR = 6.93， 95% CI （1.58， 30.45）］， wiry pulse ［OR = 2.58， 95% CI （1.42， 4.72）］， weak pulse ［OR = 3.97， 95% CI （2.06， 7.67）］， teeth-marked tongue ［OR = 4.38， 95% CI （2.32， 8.27）］， blood stasis constitution ［OR = 2.17， 95% CI （1.06， 4.44）］， phlegm-stasis mutual syndrome ［OR = 3.64， 95% CI （1.87， 7.09）］， and elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ［OR = 1.30， 95% CI （1.01， 1.69）］ as influencing factors of readmission. These factors were used as predictors to construct a nomogram-based risk prediction model for readmission in patients with stable angina. The model demonstrated moderate predictive capability， with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） of 0.818 ［95% CI （0.781， 0.852）］ in the training set and 0.816 ［95% CI （0.779， 0.850）］ in the validation set. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed good calibration （χ² = 4.55， P = 0.80）， and the model's predictive ability was stable. When the threshold probability exceeded 5%， the clinical net benefit of using the model to predict readmission risk was significantly higher than intervening in all patients. ConclusionHistory of heart failure， teeth-marked tongue， weak pulse， wiry pulse， phlegm-stasis mutual syndrome， blood stasis constitution， and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are influencing factors for readmission in patients with stable angina of CHD. A clinical prediction model was developed based on these factors， which showed good discrimination， calibration， and clinical utility， providing a scientific basis for predicting readmission events in patients with stable angina.

Background Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorder in children, often diagnosed during school age. The etiology of ADHD remains unclear; however, existing studies suggest that environmental factors, such as exposure to triclosan (TCS), may be associated with the occurrence of ADHD-like symptoms in offspring. Nevertheless, relevant research in China remains limited. Objective To investigate the impact of early pregnancy TCS exposure on ADHD-like symptoms in 7-year-old children. Methods This study was based on the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) and included 662 mother-child pairs. TCS concentrations in early pregnancy urine samples were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Demographic information was collected via questionnaires and medical record abstraction. ADHD-like symptoms in 7-year-old children were first assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Further differentiation of ADHD-like symptom subtypes (inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive) was conducted using the SNAP-IV, a clinically validated ADHD screening tool. Negative binomial regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between prenatal TCS exposure and hyperactive behavior (SDQ assessment) as well as ADHD-like symptom subtypes (SNAP-IV assessment) in 7-year-old children. Results The positive rate of TCS in early pregnancy urine samples was 91.39%, with median concentrations of 0.69 μg·L⁻¹ and 0.63 μg·g⁻¹ before and after the creatinine adjustment, respectively. The modeling results indicated that prenatal TCS exposure was associated with an increased risk of hyperactive symptoms (SDQ assessment) in 7-year-old children (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.06); the stratified analyses by children sex revealed similar effects for both boys (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.07) and girls (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.07). Further analysis of ADHD-like symptom subtypes showed that prenatal TCS exposure increased the risk of inattentive symptoms (RR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.05); the sex-stratified analyses indicated associations between TCS exposure and inattentive symptoms (RR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.07) as well as hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.08) in girls. Conclusion Prenatal TCS exposure is associated with an increased risk of ADHD-like symptoms in 7-year-old children, primarily contributing to the risk of the inattention subtype. The impact is more pronounced in girls.

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of common pneumonia pathogens in preschool children in Xining area and analyze the influencing factors of progression to severe pneumonia. Methods A total of 522 preschool children with pneumonia who were treated in our hospital from May 2021 to March 2024 were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. Sputum samples from children were taken to identify the pathogens and analyze their pathogenic epidemic characteristics.According to the diagnostic criteria in the 2019 version of ^“Standards for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children^”, determine whether it is severe pneumonia, and collect the clinical data of the children.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the progression of common pneumonia to severe pneumonia. Results Among the 522 children with pneumonia, 522 cases were infected with pathogens, of which 447 cases were single infection (85.63%), 75 cases were mixed infection (14.36%). A total of 597 pathogens were detected, including 257 viruses (43.05%), 240 bacteria (40.20%), 68 mycoplasma pneumoniae (11.39%) and 32 chlamydia pneumoniae (5.36) . The detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (149, 24.96%) and respiratory syncytial virus (118, 19.77%) were higher. Logistic regression results showed that length of hospital stay (OR=2.235, 95% CI: 1.552-3.439), ICU admission (OR=2.426, 95% CI: 1.769-3.881), intestinal microbiota disorder (OR=1.626, 95% CI: 1.335-2.842), multi-drug resistance (OR=2.086, 95%CI 1.417-2.905), mixed infection (OR=3.134, 95% CI : 2.217-8.857), nutritional risk (OR=2.783, 95% CI: 2.038-4.764), CRP (OR=2.589, 95% CI: 1.805-4.117), PCT (OR=1.486, 95%CI: 1.077-1.649), and white blood cells (OR=1.329, 95% CI: 1.021-1.536) were all associated with the risk of severe pneumonia (P<0.05). Conclusion The main pathogens of pneumonia in preschool children in Xining are Streptococcus pneumoniae and respiratory syncytial virus. Paying attention to the treatment of children with intestinal disorders, multiple infections, and malnutrition is of great significance to improve the progression of pneumonia.

As a mercury-containing elixir， Hongshengdan has been known as a sacred medicine for surgery by ancient medical practitioners because of its precise curative effects. It originated from Yizong Shuoyue in the Qing dynasty， Qing dynasty and modern medical practitioners have adapted and modified its formula for clinical application. Employing bibliometric methods， the authors systematically organized relevant ancient literature of the Qing dynasty and modern literature， and analyzed the composition and dosage， preparation method， and clinical application. Among the 25 ancient books concerning Hongshengdan， a total of 12 medicinal formulas， 15 refining methods and 9 clinical applications were obtained. Research confirms that Hongshengdan consisted of mercury， saltpeter， alum， soap alum， cinnabar and realgar. Using measurement conversion standards of Qing dynasty， the modern single-batch formulation comprised 37.30 g of mercury， 149.20 g of saltpeter， 37.30 g of alum， 22.38 g of soap alum， 18.65 g of cinnabar， and 18.65 g of realgar. In modern refining of Hongshengdan， most medical practitioners take the core medicines， with dosages approximately 30 g of mercury， 30 g of saltpeter， and 30 g of alum. Refining method involves pretreatment stewing the materials during preparation， and alum， soap alum， and saltpeter are first ground together， then combined with mercury， cinnabar， and realgar for grinding until mercury and other drugs grind to the degree of no star points. The mixture is then placed in a pot or vessel by cold-forming method. After covering， the opening is sealed using either raw gypsum salt mud or honey-dipped cotton paper strips. Sand is packed around the vessel and then pressurized. During the calcination process， begin with a low flame（30 min）， then increase to a medium flame（30 min）， followed by a high flame（30 min）， after removing fire toxins， collect the final product. Hongshengdan has the efficacy of lifting the poison， removing the corrosion， producing muscle and dispersing， and is often used in the treatment of surgical sore and carbuncle type of diseases. Modern research indicates that Hongshengdan is commonly used to treat skin system diseases such as ulcers and herpes. The aforementioned findings provide a reference basis for the subsequent refining method and clinical application of Hongshengdan.